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Basic Science Clean Notes

The document provides essential definitions and formulas related to basic science concepts, including physics, biology, and earth science. Key formulas include those for speed, force, work, and laws such as Newton's laws and Ohm's law. It also outlines fundamental biological concepts like cells and tissues, as well as principles of heat, light, and magnetism.

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bhushan chavhan
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4 views2 pages

Basic Science Clean Notes

The document provides essential definitions and formulas related to basic science concepts, including physics, biology, and earth science. Key formulas include those for speed, force, work, and laws such as Newton's laws and Ohm's law. It also outlines fundamental biological concepts like cells and tissues, as well as principles of heat, light, and magnetism.

Uploaded by

bhushan chavhan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Basic Science Formulas & Concepts

(Clean Notes)
1. Basic Definitions
Matter – Anything that has mass and occupies space

Mass – Amount of matter in an object

Volume – Space occupied by an object

Density – Mass per unit volume (Density = Mass / Volume)

Force – A push or pull acting on an object

Energy – Ability to do work

Work – Work is done when force causes displacement (W = F × d)

Power – Rate of doing work (Power = Work / Time)

Motion – Change in position of an object

Speed – Distance covered per unit time (Speed = Distance / Time)

Friction – Force that opposes motion

Gravity – Force that pulls objects toward Earth

2. Important Formulas
Speed = Distance / Time (unit: m/s)

Force = Mass × Acceleration (unit: Newton)

Work = Force × Distance (unit: Joule)

Power = Work / Time (unit: Watt)

Density = Mass / Volume

Ohm’s Law: V = IR

Electric Power: P = VI
3. Laws of Physics
Newton’s First Law – An object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by
an external force

Newton’s Second Law – Force = Mass × Acceleration

Newton’s Third Law – Every action has an equal and opposite reaction

Ohm’s Law – Current is directly proportional to voltage at constant temperature

4. Biology Concepts
Cell – Basic unit of life

Tissue – Group of similar cells

Organ – Group of tissues working together

Photosynthesis – Process by which green plants prepare food using sunlight, carbon
dioxide, and water

Respiration – Process of releasing energy from food

Human Body Systems – Digestive, Respiratory, Circulatory, etc.

5. Earth Science
Rotation – Spinning of Earth on its axis causing day and night

Revolution – Movement of Earth around the Sun along with tilt causes seasons

Solar System – Sun and all objects orbiting it

6. Key Scientific Rules


Heat flows from a hot object to a cold object until equilibrium is reached

Light travels in a straight line

Light can be reflected from surfaces

Magnetism – Like poles repel, unlike poles attract

All living things are made of cells

Plants make their own food by photosynthesis

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