Rigid Transformations & Congruence
HIGH SCHOOL GEOMETRY • 10- QUESTION MASTER PROBLEM SET & SOLUTIONS
Name: ______________________ Date: ______________________ Topic: Isometries & Algebraic Proofs
CORE GEOMETRIC CONCEPTS
Isometries (Rigid Transformations): Rotations, reflections, and translations map figures onto congruent
figures.
• Preservation of Distance & Angle Measure: All corresponding side lengths and angle measures remain
invariant.
• Order of Letters: For ΔABC → ΔDEF, vertices map in exact order (A → D, B → E, C → F), yielding AB = DE,
BC = EF, and AC = DF.
Practice Problems
Question 1
In the diagram below, ΔABC with sides 13, 15, and 16, is mapped onto ΔDEF after a clockwise rotation of 90°
about point P. If DE = 2x - 1, what is the value of x?
C E
13 15
2x - 1 F
B A
16
P
D
SHOW WORK HERE
Question 2
In the diagram below, ΔDEF is the image of ΔABC after a reflection. If AB = 7, CB = 5, AC = 8, and DE = 5x - 3, find
the value of x.
D
A
F E
B
SHOW WORK HERE
Geometry Practice Series • Comprehensive Problem Set Page 1 of 5
Question 3 (Multiple Choice)
In the diagram below, ΔCAR is mapped onto ΔBUS after a sequence of rigid motions. If AR = 3x + 4, RC = 5x - 10,
CA = 2x + 6, and SB = 4x - 4, what is the length of SB?
1) 6 2) 16
3) 20 4) 28
SELECTED OPTION & CALCULATION
Question 4
Triangle ΔABC with sides AB = 18, BC = 12, and AC = 15 is mapped onto ΔDEF after a counterclockwise rotation
of 90°. If DE = 3x - 3, find the value of x.
SHOW WORK HERE
Question 5
Triangle ΔJKL is mapped onto ΔMNO after a reflection across a line. If JK = 4x + 2, KL = 21, JL = 17, and MN = 22,
solve for x.
SHOW WORK HERE
Geometry Practice Series • Comprehensive Problem Set Page 2 of 5
Question 6 (Multiple Choice)
Triangle ΔPQR is mapped onto ΔSTU after a sequence of rigid transformations. Given: PQ = 2x + 10, QR = 5x - 4,
PR = 3x + 1, and TU = 3x + 8. What is the length of side QR?
1) x = 6 2) TU = 26
3) QR = 26 4) QR = 22
SELECTED OPTION & CALCULATION
Question 7
In a rigid transformation, ΔWXY is mapped onto ΔZVT. If WX = 4x - 7, XY = 2x + 9, YW = 19, and ZV = 3x + 1, find
the perimeter of ΔZVT.
SHOW WORK HERE
Question 8
Triangle ΔLMN is mapped onto ΔPQR under a translation vector T_{<3,-4>}. If the angle measure m∠L = (7x + 5)°
and m∠P = (10x - 25)°, find the value of x and the measure of ∠P.
SHOW WORK HERE
Question 9
If ΔABC ≅ ΔXYZ through a sequence of rigid motions, where AB = 3x + 2, BC = x + 14, and XY = 5x - 8, determine
the length of side XY.
SHOW WORK HERE
Question 10 (Multiple Choice)
Triangle ΔRST is reflected over the line y = x to produce ΔUVW. If RS = 6x - 2, ST = 4x + 3, and UV = 2x + 14, which
statement is true?
1) x = 3 and RS = 16 2) x = 4 and UV = 22
3) x = 4 and VW = 19 4) x = 5 and UV = 28
SELECTED OPTION & CALCULATION
Geometry Practice Series • Comprehensive Problem Set Page 3 of 5
Complete Solutions & Step-by-Step Explanations
Solution to Question 1 (Image Q7)
• Correspondence: ΔABC → ΔDEF maps AB onto DE.
• Given Values: AB = 16 and DE = 2x - 1.
• Equation & Solution: 2x - 1 = 16 ⇒ 2x = 17 ⇒ x = 8.5.
Final Answer: x = 8.5
Solution to Question 2 (Image Q8)
• Correspondence: Reflection maps ΔABC → ΔDEF, where DE corresponds to AB.
• Given Values: AB = 7 and DE = 5x - 3.
• Equation & Solution: 5x - 3 = 7 ⇒ 5x = 10 ⇒ x = 2.
Final Answer: x = 2
Solution to Question 3 (Image Q9)
• Correspondence: ΔCAR → ΔBUS maps RC onto SB.
• Equation: RC = SB ⇒ 5x - 10 = 4x - 4.
• Solve for x: 5x - 4x = -4 + 10 ⇒ x = 6.
• Calculate SB: SB = 4(6) - 4 = 20.
Final Answer: Option 3 (20)
Solution to Question 4
• Correspondence: ΔABC → ΔDEF maps AB onto DE.
• Equation: 3x - 3 = 18 ⇒ 3x = 21 ⇒ x = 7.
Final Answer: x = 7
Solution to Question 5
• Correspondence: ΔJKL → ΔMNO maps JK onto MN.
• Equation: 4x + 2 = 22 ⇒ 4x = 20 ⇒ x = 5.
Final Answer: x = 5
Solution to Question 6
• Correspondence: ΔPQR → ΔSTU maps QR onto TU.
• Equation: 5x - 4 = 3x + 8 ⇒ 2x = 12 ⇒ x = 6.
• Calculate QR: QR = 5(6) - 4 = 26.
Final Answer: Option 3 (QR = 26)
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Solution to Question 7
• Correspondence: ΔWXY → ΔZVT implies WX = ZV, XY = VT, and YW = TZ.
• Solve for x: 4x - 7 = 3x + 1 ⇒ x = 8.
• Sides of ΔZVT: ZV = 25, VT = 25, TZ = 19.
• Perimeter: 25 + 25 + 19 = 69.
Final Answer: Perimeter = 69
Solution to Question 8
• Correspondence: Translations preserve angle measures, so m∠L = m∠P.
• Equation: 7x + 5 = 10x - 25 ⇒ 3x = 30 ⇒ x = 10.
• Calculate Angle: m∠P = 10(10) - 25 = 75°.
Final Answer: x = 10, m∠P = 75°
Solution to Question 9
• Correspondence: ΔABC ≅ ΔXYZ maps AB onto XY.
• Equation: 3x + 2 = 5x - 8 ⇒ 2x = 10 ⇒ x = 5.
• Calculate XY: XY = 5(5) - 8 = 17.
Final Answer: XY = 17
Solution to Question 10
• Correspondence: Reflection preserves distance: ΔRST ≅ ΔUVW, so RS = UV.
• Equation: 6x - 2 = 2x + 14 ⇒ 4x = 16 ⇒ x = 4.
• Calculate UV: UV = 2(4) + 14 = 22.
Final Answer: Option 2 (x = 4 and UV = 22)
Geometry Practice Series • Comprehensive Problem Set Page 5 of 5