1.
Algorithm: Exchanging the Values of Two Variables
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read the values of A and B.
Step 3: Set Temp = A.
Step 4: Set A = B.
Step 5: Set B = Temp.
Step 6: Display A and B.
Step 7: Stop.
2. Algorithm: Counting
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read the value of N (number of elements).
Step 3: Set Count = 0.
Step 4: while Count < N, do the following steps
• a) Read a number.
• b) Set Count = Count + 1.
Step 5: Display Count.
Step 6: Stop.
3. Algorithm: Summation of a Set of Numbers
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read the value of N (number of elements).
Step 3: Set Sum = 0.
Step 4: Set Count = 1.
Step 5: while Count ≤ N, do following steps
• a) Read a number (Num).
• b) Set Sum = Sum + Num.
•c) Set Count = Count + 1.
Step 6: Display Sum.
Step 7: Stop.
4. Algorithm: Factorial Computation
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read the value of N.
Step 3: Set Factorial = 1.
Step 4: Set Count = 1.
Step 5: while Count ≤ N, do the following steps
• a) Set Factorial = Factorial * Count.
• b) Set Count = Count + 1.
Step 6: Display Factorial.
Step 7: Stop.
5. Algorithm: Generating Fibonacci Sequence
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read the value of N (number of terms).
Step 3: Set a = 0, b = 1.
Step 4: Display a and b.
Step 5: Set Count = 3.
Step 6: while Count ≤ N, do the following steps
• a) Set c = a + b.
• b) Display c.
• c) Set a = b.
• d) Set b = c.
• e) Set Count = Count + 1.
Step 7: Stop.
6. Algorithm: Reversing the Digits of an Integer
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read the integer N.
Step 3: Set Reverse = 0.
Step 4: while N > 0, do the following steps
• a) Set Digit = N % 10.
• b) Set Reverse = (Reverse * 10) + Digit.
• c) Set N = N / 10 (Integer Division).
Step 5: Display Reverse.
Step 6: Stop.
7. Algorithm: Character to Number Conversion
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read the character Ch.
Step 3: Set Number = Ch - '0'.
Step 4: Display Number.
Step 5: Stop.
1. Exchanging the Values of Two Variables
Input:
A = 10, B = 20
Execution:
• A = 10, B = 20
• Temp = A = 10
• A = B = 20
• B = Temp = 10
Output:
A = 20
B = 10
Explanation:
The temporary variable Temp stores the value of A. Then the value of B is
assigned to A, and finally the value stored in Temp is assigned to B. Thus, the
values are exchanged.
2. Counting
Input:
N=5
Numbers: 12, 8, 25, 17, 30
Execution:
• Count = 0
• Read 12 → Count = 1
• Read 8 → Count = 2
• Read 25 → Count = 3
• Read 17 → Count = 4
• Read 30 → Count = 5
Output:
Count = 5
Explanation:
The algorithm reads one number at a time and increases the counter by 1. After
reading all 5 numbers, the final count is 5.
3. Summation of a Set of Numbers
Input:
N=5
Numbers: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
Execution:
• Sum = 0
• Read 10 → Sum = 10
• Read 20 → Sum = 30
• Read 30 → Sum = 60
• Read 40 → Sum = 100
• Read 50 → Sum = 150
Output:
Sum = 150
Explanation:
The algorithm starts with Sum = 0. Each input number is added to Sum. After all
numbers are processed, the final sum is displayed.
4. Factorial Computation
Input:
N=5
Execution:
• Factorial = 1
• 1×1=1
• 1×2=2
• 2×3=6
• 6 × 4 = 24
• 24 × 5 = 120
Output:
Factorial = 120
Explanation:
Factorial is the product of all positive integers from 1 to N. For 5, the calculation
is:
5! = 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 = 120
5. Generating Fibonacci Sequence
Input:
N=7
Execution:
• a = 0, b = 1
• Output: 0 1
• c = 0 + 1 = 1 → Output: 0 1 1
• a = 1, b = 1
• c = 1 + 1 = 2 → Output: 0 1 1 2
• a = 1, b = 2
• c = 1 + 2 = 3 → Output: 0 1 1 2 3
• a = 2, b = 3
• c = 2 + 3 = 5 → Output: 0 1 1 2 3 5
• a = 3, b = 5
• c = 3 + 5 = 8 → Output: 0 1 1 2 3 5 8
Output:
0112358
Explanation:
The Fibonacci sequence starts with 0 and 1. Every new number is obtained by
adding the previous two numbers.
6. Reversing the Digits of an Integer
Input:
N = 125
Execution:
N Digit Reverse
125 5 5
12 2 52
1 1 521
Output:
521
Explanation:
The last digit is extracted using % 10 and added to Reverse.
• 125 % 10 = 5 → Digit = 5
• 12 % 10 = 2 → Digit = 2
• 1 % 10 = 1 → Digit = 1
The last digit is then removed using integer division (/ 10).
• 125 / 10 = 12
• 12 / 10 = 1
• 1 / 10 = 0
The process continues until N becomes 0.
Thus, the digits of 125 are reversed to obtain 521.
7. Character to Number Conversion
Input:
Ch = '7'
Execution:
• Ch = '7'
• Number = '7' - '0'
• Number = 55 - 48
• Number = 7
Output:
7
Explanation:
Characters are stored using numeric codes (ASCII). The character '0' has the value
48 and '7' has the value 55. Subtracting '0' from '7' gives:
55 − 48 = 7
Thus, the character '7' is converted into the integer 7.