Object-oriented programming organizes code around classes and objects rather than a strict
sequence of instructions.
Explain the difference between a class and an object in object-oriented programming, giving one
example of each.
Stacks and queues are linear data structures used to organize data in a program based on
specific access rules.
Distinguish between a stack and a queue as data structures, stating the order of access for each.
Selecting a suitable programming language for a given project depends on several factors
related to the user and system requirements.
State four criteria used to select a programming language for a given user requirement.
Namespaces in C++ help organize code and avoid naming conflicts between different parts of a
program.
Explain the importance of namespaces in C++ programming.
Before a C program can run, its source code must go through several stages to produce an
executable file.
Outline the four steps involved in compiling a C program.
Every computer program passes through a series of well-defined stages from conception to
deployment.
List the stages of the Program Development Life Cycle in the correct order.
Subroutines allow a large program to be broken down into smaller manageable units.
State four benefits of using subroutines in program design.
Inheritance is one of the fundamental principles of object-oriented programming.
Define class inheritance and state two types of inheritance used in object-oriented programming.
Programmers rely on various tools to plan and write program code efficiently.
Differentiate between a design tool and a program writing tool, giving one example of each.
Variables and constants must be given values before they are used in a program.
Explain the importance of proper initialization of variables and constants in a C program.
Data abstraction and encapsulation are core concepts used to manage complexity in
object-oriented systems.
Explain data abstraction and encapsulation in object-oriented programming.
Discuss why these concepts are important in software design.
Describe how class templates support the reuse of code across multiple data types.
Write a C++ program that implements a base class Animal with a method makeSound(), and a
derived class Dog that inherits from Animal and overrides makeSound() to print a dog-specific
sound.
Demonstrate the creation of a Dog object and calling the method.
Explain how this program demonstrates inheritance and polymorphism.
Programming paradigms guide how developers approach problem-solving and structure their
code.
Discuss the procedural, object-oriented, functional, and declarative programming paradigms.
Explain how a development team would select an appropriate paradigm for a given project.
Describe how the stages of the Program Development Life Cycle can be adapted to suit different
work requirements.
Write a C program that declares an integer array of 10 elements, uses a loop to read the values
from the user, and applies a control structure to determine and print the largest number in the
array.
Explain two debugging techniques that would help identify errors if the program produced
incorrect output.
Outline the steps involved in compiling the program to produce a working executable.