16.
Answer Key — Prime Time (Class 6)
A. Multiples and Factors
1. Multiples of 6 between 30 and 80 (inclusive):
30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 78.
2. All factors of 42:
1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 14, 21, 42.
3. Common multiples of 4 and 6 up to 60:
Multiples of 4: 4,8,12,16,20,24,28,32,36,40,44,48,52,56,60
Multiples of 6: 6,12,18,24,30,36,42,48,54,60
Common up to 60: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60.
4. Common factors of 36 and 54:
Factors of 36: 1,2,3,4,6,9,12,18,36
Factors of 54: 1,2,3,6,9,18,27,54
Common: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18.
5. Which number between 1 and 100 has the most factors?
There are a few with many factors (72, 84, 90, 96, 60 each have many).
A common answer: 96 (it has 12 divisors: 1,2,3,4,6,8,12,16,24,32,48,96).
(Note: 72, 84 and 60 also have 12 divisors — you can say any of these as “one of
the numbers with the most factors.”)
B. Prime and Composite Numbers
6. All prime numbers between 1 and 50:
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47.
7. All composite numbers between 20 and 40:
20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40.
8. Why is 1 neither prime nor composite?
Because it has only one factor (1). Prime numbers have exactly two factors (1
and itself); composite numbers have more than two.
9. Sieve of Eratosthenes for 1–50:
(Result same as Q6) Primes: 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47.
10. Which are primes: 23, 27, 29, 51, 97?
Primes: 23, 29, 97.
Not prime: 27 (3×9), 51 (3×17).
C. Co-prime Numbers
11. Are 18 and 25 co-prime?
Yes. Factors of 18 include 2 and 3; 25 = 5×5. They share no common factor other
than 1 → co-prime.
12. Are 30 and 45 co-prime?
No. Common factors include 3 and 5 (gcd is 15) → not co-prime.
13. Two examples of co-prime pairs below 30:
Examples: (8, 9), (14, 15), (16, 25), (7, 20). (Any valid pairs are fine.)
14. If two numbers are co-prime, what is their first common multiple equal to?
The product of the two numbers.
Example: 8 and 9 are co-prime → LCM = 8×9 = 72.
15. True or False: Any two prime numbers are always co-prime.
True (provided they are distinct primes). Two distinct primes share no common
factor other than 1. (If the two primes are the same number, they are not co-
prime because they share that prime.)
D. Prime Factorisation
17. Prime factorisation:
a) 72 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 2³ × 3².
b) 108 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 2² × 3³.
c) 225 = 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 = 3² × 5².
18. Express 420 as product of primes:
420 = 42 × 10 = (2×3×7) × (2×5) → 420 = 2² × 3 × 5 × 7.
19. Prime factors of 64 and 243:
64 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 2⁶.
243 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 3⁵.
20. If a number is divisible by both 2 and 3, show using prime factorisation it is
divisible by 6:
Divisible by 2 ⇒ has factor 2. Divisible by 3 ⇒ has factor 3. Together the number
has factors 2 and 3 ⇒ it is divisible by 2×3 = 6.
21. Prime factorisation of 1000:
1000 = 10 × 10 × 10 = (2×5)³ = 2³ × 5³.
E. Divisibility Tests
21. Without dividing — divisible by 2, 5, 10?
a) 450 — ends with 0 → divisible by 2 (yes), 5 (yes), 10 (yes).
b) 9810 — ends with 0 → 2 (yes), 5 (yes), 10 (yes).
c) 7777 — ends with 7 → 2 (no), 5 (no), 10 (no).
22. Is 8236 divisible by 4?
Check last two digits (36). Since 36 ÷ 4 = 9 exactly, 8236 is divisible by 4.
23. Change the last two digits of 572 to make it divisible by 8.
(We keep the hundreds digit 5 and change tens+units.) One valid change: 576
(because 576 ÷ 8 = 72).
(Other valid endings with hundreds digit 5: 504, 512, 520, 528, 536, 544, 552, 560,
568, 576, 584, 592 — any of these work.)
24. Remainders when 587 is divided by 2, 5, and 10:
o 587 ÷ 2 → remainder 1.
o 587 ÷ 5 → remainder 2 (since 5×117 = 585).
o 587 ÷ 10 → remainder 7.
25. Which are divisible by all of 2, 4, 5, 8, 10? (a) 6000 (b) 2352 (c) 77622160
A number divisible by all of these must be divisible by lcm(2,4,5,8,10) = 40.
o 6000 ÷ 40 = 150 → yes.
o 2352 ÷ 40 = 58.8 → no.
o 77622160 ÷ 40 = (ends with 160) → yes.
Answer: (a) and (c).
F. Fun with Numbers & Puzzles
26. Find a perfect number between 1 and 30:
6 (factors 1,2,3,6 sum to 12 = 2×6).
27. Give two twin primes between 1 and 50:
Examples: (11, 13) and (17, 19). (Other twin prime pairs ≤ 50: (3,5), (5,7), (29,31),
(41,43).)
28. Find seven consecutive composite numbers between 1 and 100:
Example: 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96.
29. The sum of two prime numbers is 29. Find the numbers.
No such pair exists. Reason: 29 is odd; the sum of two primes is odd only if one
of them is 2 (since odd+odd=even). So check 29 − 2 = 27, but 27 is not prime.
Therefore no pair of primes adds to 29.
30. Fill in the blanks:
• The smallest number divisible by all numbers from 1 to 10 is 2520.
• The product of three distinct primes less than 20 (one example) is 105 (since
3×5×7 = 105).