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IP Multicasting

IP multicasting is a method for efficiently sending data from one sender to a specific group of receivers simultaneously, rather than sending separate copies to each. It involves devices joining a multicast group identified by a special IP address, with protocols like IGMP and PIM facilitating the process. Common applications include live video streaming, online gaming updates, and video conferencing.

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2 views5 pages

IP Multicasting

IP multicasting is a method for efficiently sending data from one sender to a specific group of receivers simultaneously, rather than sending separate copies to each. It involves devices joining a multicast group identified by a special IP address, with protocols like IGMP and PIM facilitating the process. Common applications include live video streaming, online gaming updates, and video conferencing.

Uploaded by

pifona4629
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

IP multicasting is a networking method used to

send data from one sender to multiple


receivers at the same time, efficiently—without
sending separate copies to each one.

🔹 Basic idea

Instead of:

* Unicast → one sender → one receiver


* Broadcast → one sender → everyone on the
network

👉 Multicast → one sender → a specific group


of interested receivers

⸻
🔹 How it works

* Devices join a multicast group (identified by a


special IP address).
* The sender transmits data to that group
address.
* Only devices that joined the group receive the
data.

🔹 Multicast IP address range

* IPv4 multicast addresses: [Link] to


[Link]
* These are reserved specifically for multicast
traffic.

🔹 Key protocols involved

* IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)


Used by devices to join/leave multicast
groups.
* PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast)
Used by routers to efficiently route multicast
traffic.

⸻
🔹 Advantages

* Saves bandwidth (single stream shared by


many users)
* Efficient for large-scale distribution
* Reduces server load

🔹 Common uses

* Live video streaming (e.g., IPTV)


* Online gaming updates
* Stock market data feeds
* Video conferencing
⸻

🔹 Simple example

Imagine a teacher streaming a lecture:

* With unicast → separate stream for each


student
* With multicast → one stream sent, many
students receive it

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