INDEX

S. NO. CONTENT PAGE NO.

1 ARTERY FORCEP 1-2
2 ALLIS’S FORCEP 3-4
3 BABCOCK’S TISSUE FORCEP 5-6
4 CERVICAL PUNCH BIOPSY 7-8
5 DELEE’S UTERINE PACKING FORCEPS 9-10
6 LONG STRAIGHT HEMOSTATIC FORCEPS 11-12
7 LONG CURVED OBSTETRICS FORCEPS 13-14
8 KOCHER’S HEMOSTATICS CLAMP OR FORCEP 15-16
9 KEILLAND FORCEP 17-18
10 OVUM FORCEP 19-20
11 PLAIN FORCEP 21-22
12 SHIRODKAR’S CERVICAL CLAMP 23-24
13 SPONGE HOLDING FORCEPS 25-26
14 TOOTHED FORCEP 27-28
15 BONNY MYMECTOMY CLAMP 29-30
16 GREEN ARMYTAGE HAEMOSTATICS FORCEPS 31-32
17 DREW SMYTH CATHETER 33-34
18 FOLEY’S CATHETER 35-36
19 PLAIN RUBBER CATHETER’S 37-38
20 URINARY CATHETER 39-40
21 PLASTIC SUCCTION CANULA 41-42
22 UTERINE MANUPULATOR 43-44
23 EPISTOMY SCISSOR’S 45-46
24 EMBRYOTOMY SCISSOR’S 47-48
25 UMBLICAL CORD SCISSOR’S 49-50
26 STITCH SCISSOR’S 51-52
27 FLUSHING CURETTE 53-54
28 RANDOLL’S ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSY CURETTE 55-56
29 SIMPLE CURETTE 57-58
30 CUSCO’S SPECULUM 59-60
31 SIM’S SPECULUM 61-62
32 DOYEN’S RETRACTOR 63-64
33 LONDON’S RETRACTOR 65-66
34 SIM’S ANTERIOR VAGINAL WALL RETRACTOR’S 67-68
35 MORRIS RETRACTOR 69-70
36 NEEDLE HOLDER 71-72
37 TOWEL CLIP 73-74
38 UTERINE SOUND 75-76
39 VULSELLUM 77-78
40 PINARD FETAL STETHOSCOPE 89-80
ARTERY FORCEP
 ARTERY FORCEP

FEATURES:-

→ It is a straight on curved strong metal instrument

→ Blades are tapping to the distal end but blunt

→ It has a catch lock to bring the blades together and lock It.

→ The thinned surface of the blades are serrated and an locking the blades are wall in opposition.

TYPES:-
1. Thumb forcep

2. Locking forcep

1 Thumb forcep:-
Thumb forcep are commonly held between the thumb and two or three fingers of
one hand with the top end resting on the first dorsal intedosscous muscle at the base of thumb and index
finger

2. Locking forcep :-
Locking forcep, Sometimes called clamp are used to grasp and hold objects an
tissue when they are used to compress an artery to forceful bleeding they are called hemostats.

Uses:-
→ It stops the bleeding or catching the vessels.

→ It use a clamp for the pedicles of internal organ like kidney, spleen, ligament of uterus etc.

→ To hold the tip of appendix and crush the base of the appendix.

→ To introduce small play of a needle holder.

→ To hold the incised edges of skip fascia etc. but rarely used due to crushing of tissue.
ALLIS'S FORCEP
 ALLIS'S FORCEP

FEATURES:-
This forcep has long handle and short blades with inward curving teeth at distal end and
a locking device in the handle to hold tough tissue Blades are thin and without Serration the blades are
slightly widened. There are three into four of five teeth at the tip. It is used to approximately the edge of
the skin and peritoneum etc while retracting tissue or Structure forceful hold is achieved by this forceps
instrument maybe short or long.

USES:-
→To catch hold the anterior tip of the cervix in dilatation and evacuation as a substitute for vulsellom

→for holding the edges of the skin while stitching. (eg : episiotomy)

→for holding the margins of peritoneum rectus. Sheath vaginal mucosa while repair suturing

→ To hold ovary, during operations for holding Uterine tubes.

→ To hold vaginal flaps in anterior colporrbaphy operation.

→To take out the tissue in wedge biopsy.

→ Repair of VVF or RVF

→ Also used in operation of posterior colporrbaphy.

BABCOCK'S TISSUE FORCEP
 BABCOCK'S TISSUE FORCEP

FEATURES:-
Babcock's tissue forcep is a forcep with blades Curved and fenestrated near the tip
triangular in shape and with grooved and jaws the instrument is extra light in weight. There is transverse
ridge at the tip which is also transversely serrated. The handles are provided with catches like fallopian
tubes, uterus, appendix, bowel and bladder.

USES:-
→ To hold the fallopian tube in tubal ligation tubo-plasty and conservative operation for tubal pregnancy

→ To hold the ureter in radical gynecological surgery.

→ It is used to hold hand round ligament implication Operation.

→ To hold ovary in various conservative operation on It like ovarian biopsy ovarian adhesiolysis and
Ovarian ectopic.

→ To hold the lymph glands during radical operations.

→ To hold bowel and bladder during accidental injury in gynecological surgery.

→ To hold appendix in appendectomy.

→ To dissect the vascular sheaths and ligation of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery.
CERVICAL PUNCH BIOPSY
FORCEP
 CERVICAL PUNCH BIOPSY FORCEP

FEATURES:-
This instrument is 22.5 cm long it has cup shaped ends the edge of the cups are cutting
and the inside of one cup has tiny pin that fits into a tiny depression in a corresponding position in the
other cup this pin hold the cervical biopsy specimen in place. The handles advantages so that a biopsy can
be taken form the firm cervical tissue with application of moderate force the handle are also bent
downward. So that they do not obstacle field of vision during the handles, because ends have a basket to
hold the specimen family.

USES :-
→ Cervical lesion suspect to carcinomatus.

→Specimen of cervical carcinoma with pipani colour smear.

→ An abnormal coloscopic findings.

→ To evaluate the response to radiotherapy for cervical carcinoma.

→ Diagnosis of persistent cervical carcinoma offer radiation therapy.

→ Differential diagnosis of cervical carcinoma.

→ Diagnosis of recurrence of cervical carcinoma.

DELFE'S UTERINE PACKING
FORCEPS
 DELFE'S UTERINE PACKING FORCEPS

FEATURES:-
→ A curved forceps about 35 cm in length

→ It is a ‘S’ Shaped Curve as seen from Sides the tip is Smooth and inner Surface of blades is Smooth.

→ The corresponding to axis of birth canal for easy packing

→ Have blades are provided with slightly grooves on inner Surface

USES:-
→ To use for vaginal packing to control bleeding from laceration in birth canal due to trauma.

→ To use Vaginal packing in following condition:-

1. Along with uterine packing.

2. Biopsy from cervix or vagina to control bleeding
3. To use swab uterine cavity following dilatation and evacuation with small gauze pieces
4. To pack the uterine cavity following dilation and cur or delivery to control bleeding.
5. To use for application of drug into the uterine.
LONG STRAIGHT HEMOSTATIC
FORCEPS
 LONG STRAIGHT HEMOSTATIC FORCEPS

FEATURES:-
The blades are slightly roughly half the size of the handle. The inner Surface of the
blades bears good transverse Serratious for crushing. The handle are provided with catches for better
opposition of the blades. It has no gap between the blades. When the Catches are applied. The forceps are
Conical to facilitate Slipping of of the ligature round it and down to the vessels held. The tip is blunt to
prevent damage to the surrounding tissues.

USES:-
→ This is not commonly used in obstetrics It can be used to clamp the pedicle while removing the uterus
as in ruptures uterus.

→ The umbilical cord may be clamped as an alternative to vocher's forceps

→ It is used to catch the bleeders.

→ It may be used to dressing forceps

→ It may be used to hold the peritoneal margins during exploration and closure of the abdomen.

→ It made be used to hold over end of the suture material during a continuous suture.

→ It may be used as ligature carrier.

→ It may be used to hold a needle during suture in the absence of a needle holders.

→ It may be used as a blunt dissector.

LONG CURVED OBSTETRICS
FORCEPS
 LONG CURVED OBSTETRICS FORCEPS

FEATURES:-
→ The long curved obstetrics forceps is relatively heavy end is about 7 cm long.

→ They are be used to assist the delivery of a baby an alternative to the ventouse method.

→ It is comparatively lighter and Slightly shorter than It is western counter part and is quiet Suited for the
comparatively small pelvis and Small baby of Indian women.

→ Forcep is a surgical instrument that resembles a pair of longs and can be used in surgical for grabbing
maneuvering or removing various things within or from the baby.

→ They can be used to assist the delivery of a baby as an alternative to the ventouse method.

USES :-
→Different types of forceps are used to extract fetal head depending upon the descent of fetal head when
the cervix is fully dilated.

→ A specialized form of vaginal speculum is the weighted speculum which consist of a broad half tube
which is bent at about a 90 degree angle with the channel of the tube on the exterior side of the angle.

→ One end of the tube has a roughly spherical metal weight surrounding the channel of the speculum.

→ A uleigbted speculum is placed in the vagina during vaginal surgery with the patient in the lithotomy
position.

→ The weight holds the speculum in place and frees the surgeons hands for other tasks.
KOCHER'S HEMOSTATIC CLAMP OR
FORCEPS
 KOCHER'S HEMOSTATIC CLAMP OR FORCEPS

FEATURES:-
It is called pedicle clamp. It is strong straight metal instrument Kocher's clamp has
transverse serrations on the blades and It's tip have one in tow teeth. It resembles Spencer wells artery
forceps in shape but is heavier, Stouter and with slightly longer blades. It is transverse serrations are deep
and one in two teeth is present at the tip. It has a catch lock to boring the blades together for locking It
may be straight on curved.

USES:-
→ To clamp the umbilical cord: for better grip and effective crushing effect to occlude the vessels.

→ In low rupture of membranes as surgical induction of labor or augmentation of labor.

→ This instrument can also be used to clamp various pedicles during cesarean hysterectomy.

→ It is used for removal of an ectopic pregnancy by salpingectomy.

→ To catch hold of the retracting perforating vessels during radical mastectomy operation.

→ It is used to catch the edges of the incision while suturing the skin.

→ The forceps are used clamping labor for rupturing the membrane artificially during vaginal delivery.

→ It is used to catches the structures that is bleeding and crushes the bleeder that results in clogging.
KTELLAND FORCEP
 KTELLAND FORCEP

FEATURES:-
It has a sliding membrane ruining length of the Shank resting against a sparing handle
end of the membrane is a finger be grip. So that pressure may be applied against the sparing behind it age
the look.

TYPES:-

Long curved Obstetrics forceps :- Forceps are a Surgical instrument that resembles a pair of tongs
and can be used in surgery for grabbing maneuvering or removing various things within or from the body.

Klringley’s Forceps :- Wrigley's Forceps are used by gynecologist while delivering a baby.

Kielland's forceps :- Kielland's forcep are distinguished by having no angle between the Shanks and
the blades and a sliding lock. The pelvic curve of the blades is identical to all other forceps.

Piper’s Forceps :- Piper’s forceps have a perinea curve to allow application to the offer-coming head in
breech delivery.

Barton Forcep :- Barton forcep to be useful in delivery when the fetal heads is in the high transverse
position which frequently is encountered during a cesarean delivery.

USES :-
→ It is used as rotation forcep in deep transverse arrest of occipital posterior position of the head.

→ The most commonly used types of forceps in outlet delivery.

→ The elongated cephalic curve.

→ There are used when there is substantial molding or the fetal head.

→ Has adjustable pin for regulating the lateral pressure on the handles.

→ They are used most offer when there in minimal moulding more suitable for outlet delivery.
OVUM FORCEP
 OVUM FORCEP

FEATURES:-
It is a forcep with cupped blade with linear fenestration. It has spoon shaped and blunt
end. Which just comes in contact with each other when the fingers grips are approximated the shape of
blade achieved a good grip of the structure held without ripping at the base. Thus during removal of an
adherent piece of ovum of placental the uterine wall is not nipped. There is no catch on the handles. It is
about 30 cm in length.

USES :-
→ It is used for removal of bits of placenta and membranes in dilatation and evacuation operation.

→10 evacuate uterus in Secondary Post partum hemorrhage due to retained product of conception.

→ It is used for removing retained membranes from the uterus after delivery.

→ It is used food removing any foreign body from the uterus.

→ It is used for twisting pedunculated polyps.

→Manipulation of uterus for laparoscopic surgery. The ovum forcep is passed into the uterine cavity and
it is corneal position with twisting movement of the handle uterus can be manipulated.
PLAIN FORCEP
 PLAIN FORCEP

FEATURES:-
→It contain two blades one side completely attached each other and other side is free to hold vessels.

→There is no any tooth in upper end.

→This micro forceps are 14 cm made from corrosion resistant metal instrument in stainless and titanium

→It is long slightly curved forceps with a small penetrate cliplatter at tip. It is used to remove endothelial
polyps from the uterine cavity.

USES:-
→ To hold Soft delicate Structure like peritoneum vessels, bowel wall where injury to structure may
cause harm.

→It is used for dissection.

→It is used to removes due to endometrial polyps foamed in the uterine cavity due instrument is
Introduced inside uterine cavity and polyp is grape due forcep is attached and polyp is removed by
twisting the forcep.

→To hold conjunctiva during any eye surgery to tier suture.

→It is used to insert packing into or remove objects from deep cavities.

→ It is used to hold tissue in place when applying suture.

→ It is used to gently move tissue out of the way during exploratory surgery.
SHIRODKAR'S CERVICAL CLAMP
 SHIRODKAR'S CERVICAL CLAMP

FEATURES:-
→ Shirodkar's cervical Clamp has curved blades which help to hold the uterus in between It without
Compression.

→The ends have curved transverse baas with same degree of mobility

→These Curved blades are curved by rubbed Caps to avoid trauma to the uterus. It is held and
manipulated the lock on the handles

USES :-

→ Lapcroscopic - Condition such as an extremely shoat formed ca absent cervix surgery needs to be
we use a simplified technique for laparoscopic

→ Cervical Cerclage - The use of ligature around the cervix uterine to treat cervical incompetence
during pregnancy.

→ Abdominal cerclage - Treatment for the diagnosis of cervical insufficiency has traditionally wed a
cerclage procedure

→Transvaginal cervical cerclage – In contrast to the abdominal cerclage the shirodkar’s suture does
not pass through the cervical stroma.

→Surgery of the cervix – Use skin hooks to grasp the cervix clamp and legate remnants of the
insertion of shirodkar’s suture.

→ Coding root operation – It is used to prevent early changes in a women cervix this preventing
premature labour.

→ Pap smear - Use for taking pap smear for screening o f carcinoma cervix.

→ Vascular Clamping – They reported the use of uterine vascular clamping in the pregnant rate

→ Cervical biopsy.

→ Calposcopy

→ Calpomicroscopy.
SPONGE HOLDING
FORCEPS
 SPONGE HOLDING FORCEPS

FEATURES:-
→ It has ring shaped tips which may be serrated on smooth.

→It is a long instrument (Y) with a shaft.

→The instrument is designed for holding swabs to apply antiseptic lotion to different parts.

→ It is a long instrument with fenestrated Serrated blades and a catch at the handle.

USES :-
→Application of antiseptic lotion while painting the parts prior to surgical procedure

→ Holding Sponges for applying pressure on deep bleeding pints.

→ Holding cervix in obstetrical conditions.

→ Pushing the bladder away from the uterus during abdominal hysterectomy.

→Compressing infundibulopelvic ligaments temporarily to minimize operative bleeding during

myomectomy.

→ Holding the edges of the lower uterine segment during cesarean section where green-armytage forceps
are not available care should be taken to avoid passing the needle through the fenestration of the
instruments.

→ Removing the products of conception where ovum forceps are not available care should be taken not
use the catch of the instruments.
TOOTHED FORCEP
 TOOTHED FORCEP

FEATURES :-

→It may be straight or curved single toothed by distal ends.

→This instrument passes sharp teeth for gripping a Cervix caring minimum trauma.

→ This toothed elevated an aluminum handle with hold a Stainless Steel elevator blade.

→ The blades length can be shortened to 6 or extended to 9 and replaced warm.

→Two blades available an economy blade and a premium germen make handle and blades are sold
separately

USES :-
→ To hold rough Structure like rectus sheath.

→ cut margins of vaginal vault on margins flaps.

→ To hold the tissue fascia and ligament to maintain a clear field.

→ This is effective than toothed it produced less trauma to the cervix.

→ It is useful during dilatation and evacuation procedure. It is used for catch hold the anterior tip of the
cervix.

→ It is useful during dilatation.

BONNEY MYOMECTOMY
CLAMP
 BONNEY MYOMECTOMY CLAMP

FEATURES:-

→This instrument was designed to minimize the bleeding during myomectomy by occluding the uterine
arteries temporarily.

→It is sharply angulated strong and Stout blades Shanks are has two covered with rubber tubes. It pains
of finger rings.

→ It is applied from front to grip the body of the uterus just above the cervix.

→ It must include both the round ligaments in Its grip to prevent His slipping.

→ It cannot be used in cases with large cervical on broad ligaments fibroids.

USES :-
→ Clamps are used in myomectomy operation. It control the blood Supply to the uterus- is temporarily.

→The instrument is placed at the level internal os with the fitting with convexity of Symphysis pubis

Round ligament held by sponge h0lder is included & in it

→The distal fingers are used to open or application as can be opened widest for lightening and releasing
the proximal one used.

→ Uterine vessels are used so hemstasis is maintained during separation.

→Uterus help so it can be manipulated during operations.

→ Position of removal ligaments keep the uterine anteverted to prevent slipping of instrument.
 GREEN ARMYTAGE
HAEMOSTATICS FORCEPS
 GREEN ARMYTAGE HAEMOSTATICS FORCEPS

FEATURES:-

→ It is a metal instrument resembling as any other forceps except it has triangular blades with serrated
edges.

→ Even when the forceps is fully closed and locked there is a small space between the blades

USES:-
→In lower segment cesarean section (LSCS). It is used to hold the retracted edges of the uterine wall for
easy stitching.

→While holding the edges as a hemostatic to decrease the bleeding from the Incision.

→Hemostasis and to catch hold the margins so that they are not missed during suture, it can be used in
classical cesarean section.

→Green Armytage hemostatic forcep this is used to as a hemastatic in a Cesarean Operation.

DREW SMYTH CATHETER
 DREW SMYTH CATHETER

FEATURES:-

→Drew Smyth Catheter is also called membrane perforator or canula

→ It is as “S” Shaped Catheter with a blunt spring located Stillete used for rupture of the fetal membrane
and also has a side opening.

→ Klhich help to allow escape of liquor amnii through It.

→It allow a controlled leakage of liquor amnii It is passed up between the membrane and wall of uterus
for some distance before the puncture is made high rupture of membrane presence.

→ The dilating affect of bag of water and also the chance of infection and prolapsed of cord are reduce.

USES :-
→High Amniotomy - It is used for rupture of membrane in case of polyhypdromios when hydaromnios is
Causing gross discount to mother.

→In normal labour when os in 3-4 th dilated & contraction are getting weaker rupture of membrane help to
accelerate the progress of labour.

→ Before induction of labour by oxyfocin in case of past maturity.

→ To drain a hydrocephalic head through a cervical spine bifida in case of a breech delivered up to the
head.
FOLEY'S CATHETER
 FOLEY'S CATHETER

FEATURES:-
→Foley's Catheter is a type of urinary tract catheter.

→ It is made up of latex.

→After catheterization and insertion of foley's Catheter distilled water on normal Saline inflated in this
balloon

USES:-
→ To drain urine out from bladder incase of urinary retention, to do cystocholostomy

→To drain fistula, to check and monitor and measures urine output in patient with renal failure, DM.

→ Retention of urine in case of retroverted uterus.

→ Mid trimester MTP for extra amniotic instillation of hypertonic saline.

→ Cesarean section Obstetric hysterectomy for post operative drainage urine –for 12-24 hours

→ Obstructed labour to prevent formation of VVF

→ To monitor urine output in eclampsia

→ Abruption placenta.

→ Repair of paraurethral tears.

→ Obstetrics shock due to PPH and APH

→ If vagina is packed offer delivery to control bleeding catheterization is done.

→ Bipening of cervix for indication of labour.

→ Cord prolapse – foley’s catheter are used in cord prolapsed.

PLAIN RUBBER
CATHETER
 PLAIN RUBBER CATHETER

FEATURES:-

→The plain rubber Catheter’s is a range of polymer are used for the construction of catheters including
silicon rubber, matinal, nylon, Polyurethane, polyethylene terepthalate (PET) Latex and thermo- plastic
elastomers.

→Silicon is one of the most common choices because it's insert and reactive to body fluids and a range of
medical fluids with which It might come into contact

→Silicon is used foley catheter where fractures have been reported after requiring surgery to remove the
tip left in the bladder

USES:-
→Placement of a catheter into a particular part of the body may allow.

→ Draining urine from the urinary bladder as in urinary Catheter

→ Drain of urine from the kidney by percutaneous nephrostomy.

→ Drain of fluid collection eg. Abdominal abscess

→ Administration of intravenous fluid a peripheral venous catheters

→ Direct measurement of ICP and blood pressure in an artery or vein.

→ A Quinton catheter is a double or triple lumen external catheter used for hemodialysis
URINARY CATHETER
 URINARY CATHETER

FEATURES:-

→ Foley's catheter on urinary catheter are flexible usually latex tubes that five passed through the urethra
Opening during Catheterization and in to the bladder to drain urine

→They are self retained by means of a balloon at the tip which is inflated with sterile water usually No
14-16 F catheter is used for female catheterization

USES :-
→Retention of urine in case of retroverted grauida uterus

→Mid trimester MTP for extra amniotic instillation of hypertonic saline

→ Ceseacrean section obstetric hyperectomy for past operative drainage of urine for 12-24 hours

→ Obstructed labour to prevent formation of VVF

→ If vagina is place after delivery to control bleeding. Catheterization is done.

PLASTIC SUCTION
CANNULA
 PLASTIC SUCTION CANNULA

FEATURES:-

→It is a transparent flexible polyethylene It is available in 5 sizes ie, 4-8 mm

→ It has single or double handed lateral opening.

→ It has rounded tip and two Sub terminal Sharp triangular opening with overhanging convex boods, It's
tip bends without blocking Its opening and collapse without perforating the uterus.

USES :-

→ It is used when pregnancy advances more than IV weeks

→ It is used for menstrual regulation endometrial aspiration

→ It is used for Suction evacuation of vesicular moles on inevitable abortion up to 8 weeks of gestation.

→It is used for evacuation of early second trimester pregnancy terminations

→ Medical termination of pregnancy during first trimester

→ It is more used in inevitable abortion

→ It is used in recent incomplete abortion

 UTERINE
MANIPULATOR
 UTERINE MANIPULATOR

FEATURES:-

→Double up design Supports surgeons performing Colostomy while maintaining

→ Available in a wide range of cervical cups (32 mm, 35 mm, 37mm, 40mm, 45mm) to auto moderate
different gynecological procedures patient. Characteristics instruments and surgeon profiles

→ Cervical caps can be used with electro surgical energy sources & way value ensures quick and easy
inflation and deflation of the balloon.

→ Unique design of the handle gives surgeon a sense of direction and full central of the uterine position

USES:-
→We have used disposable uterine manipulate to retract the uterus.

→ Laparoscopic Sterilization in the supine position using a uterine manipulator

→ Use of uterine manipulate in laparoscopic an rectal surgery

→ It can be use a hemostat used for clamping bleeding vessels during hemorrhage

→ It is also used for grasping tissue the time of operation ( opening and closing peritoneum)

→ it is also used to hold stay suture.

EPISIOTOMY SCISSORS
 EPISIOTOMY SCISSORS

FEATURES:-
→ It is 16 cm long, the blades are angled on side.

→The finger grip is directed in some direction which makes it more convent to use by avoiding.

→It is lower finger grip putting against the women buttocks. The angle also curve the same purpose.

→ Lateral Serrations on one blade food a secure grip of tissue are combined with the curved blades or a
& smooth Straight incision.

USES :-
→ If there is a serious risk of Second or third Stage degree tearing to the mother.

→In case where a natural delivery is adversely affected, but a Cesarean Section is not indicated.

→If the baby is indicated macrosomic when instrument delivery is indicated.

→ When women has undergoes female genital.

→ If there is prolonged late deceleration or fetal bradycardia during active pushing.

→ Decapitation to cut soft tissues of fetal neck after dislocation of antantonial joint with a bran hook

→ This instruments is used to cut off the head arms and legs.
EMBRYOTOMY
SCISSORS
 EMBRYOTOMY SCISSORS

FEATURES:-

→ Embryotomy referes to operation involving the destruction of a dead of near dead fetus with a view of
diminish

→ It is bulk to facilitates It is extraction through the genital tract.

→This instrument is 27cm long curved on flat and rather stout It's much heavy.

USES :-
→ It is used in destructive operation, to cut the thoracic cage.

→ It is used in the abdominal wall during evacuation to cut the remnant of the Soft tissue of the neck left
behind during decapitation.

→ It is used in cludotomy on Spondylolomy Operation

→With this instrument only the tissue of the body are Cut.

→Decapitation to cut soft tissue of fetal neck after dislocation of antantorial joint with a branhook

→ This instrument is used to cut off the dead arms and legs.
UMBLICAL CORD
SCISSORS
 UMBLICAL CORD SCISSORS

FEATURES:-

→Umbilical cord scissors on ratcheted finger ring Scissors used for cutting the umbilical cord These
Scissor feature wide fetal curved blades.

→ There is pair of scissors having short circular blades which give a good grip to the slippery cord the
umbilical cord is often clamped.

USES :-
→ They are typically used without clamping the umbilical cord because they curlature of blades hold the
cord in phase

→ Umbilical cord scissors are used in labour procedure to cut the umbilical cord after the cord
approximately

→ Scissors are designed to worked in even the most delicate of situation without damaging the
Surrounding tissue or more importantly the child.

→ Child Scissors are built with a unique curved blade design to alleviate pressure while performing this
procedure.

→ Umbilical cord scissor curved in shape and are used to cut umbilical cord on new born

→ The umbilical cord clamp is a gynecological instrument which comes in a variety most of their clamp
are made using plastic and the cord usually consist.

→ A method of clamping and cutting and cutting on umbilical cord with a surgical instrument as towards
the placenta and a pair of scissors is used to cut the cord between the clamps.
STITCH SCISSORS
 STITCH SCISSORS

FEATURES:-

→It is mainly used for Stitch removal it's a hook Shaped point on one blade hook under the Stitch before
Cutting it with the opposing blade

USES :-
→ Step I –The Stitches are cleaned thoroughly with Spirit before removed.

→Step II - Note that the suture knot is located to one side of the incision line the Suture is not below this
knot on the same side.

→ Step III –

→ Grasp one end of the suture with the toothed forcep and lift up maintained gently traction upward to
expose Small portion of the suture that has been just below the skin Surface cut the surface using the
Stitch scissors below the portion originally exposed at the surface place.

→ The rounded tip of the Scissors next to the skin Surface have one rounded and one sharp tip.

→ Step IV- Pull the cut surface up and out the skin thus no exposed portion of the surface ever
transverse the surface tract by abolishing any chance of infection.
FLUSHING CURETTE
 FLUSHING CURETTE

FEATURES :-
→ It is a 30 cm long hollow instrument open at both ends its distal end in Spoon Shaped blunt curette
with vertical slits on it has chromium plated shaft.

USES:-
→ It was used in the part to washout uterine Cavity

→ It is used to stimulate uterine contraction by using hot saline between 114°F and 118°F

→ It is used to control bleeding after and abortion and ectopic PPH

→ Flushing Curette is used to Collect Sample from Vagina uterus and rectum for diagnosis of Cancer

→ Samples from the uterus vagina of rectum are taken using a curette this is to diagnose disease Such as
Cancer.

→ An instrument shaped like a spoon, that is used to scrub tissue from a body cavity.
RANDOLL'S ENDOMETRIAL
BIOPSY CURETTE
 RANDOLL'S ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSY CURETTE

FEATURES :-

→This is a slender hollow blunt capped instrument

→It has got a notch with a cutting edge, near the blunt tip.

→ The notch points away from blunt tip

→ There is a slight angulations about 5 cm from the tip for easier of the instrument into the uterus

USES :-

→Diagnosis of an ovulation endometrial biopsy is taken on 21 st to 28th day on 1st day of menstruation If
cycles are irregular.

→ Diagnosis of corpus luteum insufficiency day 21-24

→ Diagnosis of endometrial tuberculosis and uterine Carcinoma

→ Removal of tubal prothesis after tuboplasty

→ Removal of intrauterine contraceptive device whose threads are missing

→ Diagnosis of dysfunctional uterine bleeding not responding to hormonal therapy

SIMPLE CURETTE
 SIMPLE CURETTE

FEATURES:-

→This method modules introduces the various design Characteristics of periodontal instruments

→A Small Surgical instrument used to remove material by a scrapping action especially from the

→A Curette is a surgical instrument designed for scrapping or describing biological tissue on deters in a
biopsy excision on cleaning procedure

→In from the curette is a small hand tool when often Similar in shape to a stylus at the tip of the Curette
is a small scoop Rook or gauze

→Ideal for function developmental grooves and line angles entire edge of the blade is a cutting edges
enabling a push or pull Stroke in all directions, Vertical horizontal or oblique.

USES:-
→Curettages are also a declining method of abortion it has been replaced by vacum aspirations ovc the
last decate

→ Curettage are also a major method used for removing asteroid, osteoma and osteoblastoma

→ sometimes spelled dilatation and curettage your doctor uses small instruments or a medication to open
your uterus

→The doctor uses surgical instruments called used in a dilatation and curettage be sharp or uses suction

→ Dilatation and curettage is a procedure to remove tissue from inside the uterus.

→ Doctor perform dilatation and curettage to diagnose and treat certain uterine condition such as heavy
bleeding
CUSCO'S SPECULUM
 CUSCO'S SPECULUM

FEATURES:-

→ A Self retaining speculum with a special screw arrangement

→ It has two blades which can be opened laterally and adjusted angle by adjusting the screw after
introducing the vagina

→It is introduced in to the vagina with its bladder closed in vertical position and then made horizontal
opened locked in position it can be closed and locked rotated further and opened angina after locking in
requiring position

USES:-
→ It is used to without bringing to the edge of foot

→ It used to visualize of inspect vagina and Cervix

→It used to insertion of intrauterine contraceptives device

→ Used in pap & near cervical biopsy high vagina Swab used to apply medicine

→ They are most widely used for the specula general examination

→ It is retract the vaginal wall during gynecological examination

→ For collecting vaginal discharge for microbiological studies

→ For collecting material from cervix and vagina for cytological study
SIMS SPECULUM
 SIMS SPECULUM

FEATURES:-

→ This Speculum is 'U' shaped instrument made of high grade Stainless Steel is used to examine the
walls of vagina

→ This instrument has loop shaped and with transverse Section and either Surface

→The loop make angle of 150° with the Shaft and age angle in opposite direction

→ Sim's Speculum a long instruments with blunt loops at both the ends

→ It is a double ended or single ended.

USES :-
→ To use toilet the vagina following delivery

→To use visualized any injured site on the cervix or vagina.

→ To use inspect the cervix to exclude any local Lesion causing bleeding in suspected causes of abortion,
APH, and PPH

→ To use in operation of cervix and vagina in lithotomic position

→ To use in dilatation and curettage and dilatation and evacuation surgery.

→ To use for taking biopsy from genital tract and for catheterization of erosions of cervix

→ Sim’s vaginal speculum is an instruments which gynecological use in order to dilate a women’s
vagina.
DOYEN'S RETRACTOR
 DOYEN'S RETRACTOR

FEATURES:-

→It is a Stout instrument having a broad, transverse and curved blade with its hollow towards the handle

→The blade of Doyen's retractor looks like Sim's blade It is made up of Stainless Steel

→ It's handle is slightly curved and has finger grip for better gripping and manipulation of the instrument

USES:-

→ It is used to retract the abdominal wall-for proper response of lower uterine segment for LSCS

→It is to be introduced after opening the abdomen to be temporarily taken off while the baby is delivered
to be reintroduced after delivery of the baby and finally to be removed after toileting the peritoneal cavity

→ It is used in the removal of ectopic pregnancy

→ It is also used in obstetric hysterectomy, abdominal hysterectomy and tuboplasty

→ It is used for retracting the anterior or posterior vaginal wall.

LONDON'S RETRACTOR
 LONDON'S RETRACTOR

FEATURES -
→A Simple hand held L-Shaped instrument with a flat blade about 2cm, bent down at night angles to the
handle and the handle has a circular opening in the center food finger introduction for better grip.

→The long handle helps to hold the instrument without obstructing the work of the obstetrician It is
helpful for temporarily retraction of Soft tissue.

→The blades being flat and narrow, occupies very little space in the anterior pouch, thus making the
retractor for vaginal surgery.

USES:-
→It is introduced after opening the peritoneum to retract the bladder away from the field of operation in
vaginal operation

→This also prevents injury to uterus as It keeps them away during clamping of uterine vessels

→ It is used to retract the abdominal wall during a minilaparotomy

→ It is used to retract the vaginal during cervical cerclage

→ This retractor is used to retractor lateral or anterior vaginal walls during any vaginal operation

→ It is used for retracting skin edges or big blood vessels and nerves.
SIMS ANTERIOR VAGINAL
WALL RETRACTORS
 SIMS ANTERIOR VAGINAL WALL RETRACTORS

FEATURES :-
This is a long stout instrument having angulated ends both loops are fenestration and
horizontal Serration on them

USES:-

→This instrument is used long with Sim's Speculum for inspecting cervix and vaginal by retracting
anterior vaginal wall

→It is used primarily for vaginal retraction and exposure

→ Inspection of cervix, bleeding PV or white discharge

→It is used as a Curette after delivery and demonstrate enterocele

→ To diagnose vesico vaginal fistula minor procedures Dilatation and curettage Cervical coutery, cryo
surgery
MORRIS RETRACTOR
 MORRIS RETRACTOR

FEATURES :-

→A retractor is a surgical instrument which is used to spread out as a well as separate portion of the Skin
and tissue.

→This type of retractors is seen which blades in both ends without special handles, hence it is called
double bladed Morris retractors

USES

→It is used while making the closing abdominal incision for ease of working in the deeper layer

→ It is used to retract pectorals major in MRM for better Visualization during ancillary dissection.

→ It gives under space to work and muscle wall incision

→The blade from hold over the tissues can cavity at the blade gives wide area for the work of the
Obstetrician

→It is used in right lobe of liver cholecystectomy for refraction of right lobe of liver.

→ It is used in kidney operation to retractions the anterior abdominal wall

→ It is superficial retraction of skin incision during laprotomy

→ It is used to hold meniscus during menisectomy

→ It is used to do subtotal thyroidectomy.

NEEDLE HOLDER
 NEEDLE HOLDER

FEATURES:-

→Due to the pressure of Stainless steel wire being twisted jaws of wire twister are susceptible to cracking

a) Webster Needle border.

b) Mayo Hegar Needle Holder.

Post Operative care of Needle Holders:- Separate the ring and begin the decontamination process
within 20 minutes after Surgery the use of very effective way to prevent blood from drying soak the
instrument in a enzymatic Solution.

Sternum klire twister :- Due to the pressure of Stainless wire being twisted jaws of wire twisters are
Susceptible to cracking this malfunction allow broken pieces of the carbide jaws to drop into the surgical
Site Do not use instrument Schedule the wine twister for repair.

USES:-
→A needle can have an eye or the suture material can be fixed to it from a traumatic needle.

→ There are expensive but they make smaller because the suture material is not doubled.

→ It is used as a traumatic needle to suture gut.

→ The urinary tract, blood vessels and nerve and face especially the eyelids

→ They are unnecessary and wasteful unfortunately because the automatic needle

→ The surface and long one deeper inside use of the big needle in small needle holder.

→ The part of a simple needle holder are the jaws the joint and the holders

→ The user to maneuver the needle through various tissue.

TOWEL CLIP
 TOWEL CLIP

FEATURES:-

→It is a metal instrument light and strong in different lengths.

→It has a catch lock by the proximal end to fix the grip of drops.

→The distal ends are curved to two sharp points as teeth to catch the drop firmly with pointed tips.

→ Shafts acre Start and it handles are curved

USES:-
→To fix the drop in any manner to exposure only the required a area

→ To fix the tubing like section tube to the drops preventing displacement

→To hold or elevate, the ribs in chest injuries

→To hold and retract perinea repair used to fix draping towel.

→ It holds together drapes placed ground patient establishes suction tubes, micrometer etc.

→ It hold and retract tongue if the patient is unconscious

→ This instruments used to fix sterilize drapes in position.

UTERINE SOUND
 UTERINE SOUND

FEATURES:-

→ It is long 30cm metal instrument with handle at the end which is wide shaped

→ It's tip is pointed to pitch to the uterus

→ It is graduate in which no one indication the distance from the tip

USES:-
→To know the length of uterus cervical canal before dilatation interaction of IUP in care of prolapsed to
know cervical

→ To differential uterus will go around uterus cervical length in case of play polyps but in case of orosion
It is same distance of normal length.

→To know relation between pelvis mass with uterus.

→ To diagnose Supported perforation for any intro uterine body.

→ Uterine Sounding uses two co axial membranes to measures the uterine cavity.
VULSELLUM
 VULSELLUM

FEATURES:-

→ Arrange sized metal instrument resembling forceps at the distal end.

→ The proximal end has a lock to fixing and distal has multiple sharp teeth for drip

→ The curvature of blades to retract the uterus vaginal wall when the instrument for better Visualization

USES:-

→To holding the arteries at posterior lip of cervix Operative like dilation and curettage and
catheterization of cervix

→ To test the mobility of cervix and laxity of Ligaments to prolapsed of uterus.

→To bring down the fuxlus of uterus in vaginal hysterectomy.

→Used to hold the cervical for procedure like insufication as introduce of laminaria tract.
PINARD FETAL
STETHOSCOPE
 PINARD FETAL STETHOSCOPE

FEATURES:

→ A pinard fetal stethoscope is a tool used to listen the heart rate of fetus during pregnancy.

→ It is type of stethoscope formerly called a fetoscope but the fern is still associated with the pinard
Stethoscope the horn is often made of wood or metal is hollow It is about long.

USES :-

→Pie is used to wind up fetal doppler versus pinard for fetal heart rate untermittent monitoring in labour
a randomized clinical trial.

→It allows individual to listen to the pined Stethoscope is used to find and listen to the heart beat of the
fetus

→ To near the perspectives of midwives that may may not use them and everyone else.

→Medical professional on how the instrument can be made use checked.