Scribd
Upload
2 views3 pages

Notes Chapter 1

The document covers the importance of biodiversity, highlighting its role in medicine, food, recreation, education, and industry, while also discussing the negative impacts of human activities like illegal hunting and deforestation. It outlines conservation methods such as recycling, reforestation, and law enforcement, and introduces the concept of endemic species with examples from Malaysia. Additionally, it classifies animals into invertebrates and vertebrates, and plants into flowering and non-flowering, detailing their characteristics and classification methods like the dichotomous key.

Uploaded by

cherrytcy86
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views3 pages

Notes Chapter 1

The document covers the importance of biodiversity, highlighting its role in medicine, food, recreation, education, and industry, while also discussing the negative impacts of human activities like illegal hunting and deforestation. It outlines conservation methods such as recycling, reforestation, and law enforcement, and introduces the concept of endemic species with examples from Malaysia. Additionally, it classifies animals into invertebrates and vertebrates, and plants into flowering and non-flowering, detailing their characteristics and classification methods like the dichotomous key.

Uploaded by

cherrytcy86
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Notes chapter 1.

1
1. Biodiversity is the variety of all living things such as microorganisms,
animals and
plants that live in an area.
2. Humans rely on biodiversity to survive. Importance of biodiversity.
a) Sources of medicines- Ginseng is a type of plant that can control
blood sugar levels and treat diabetes.
b) Food source - Consuming fruits and vegetables in daily meals can
maintain good health
c) Recreational park- beauty of the tropical rainforest and the chirping
of birds can calm the mind.
d) Education - Sarawak Biodiversity Centre conducts biodiversity
research.
e) Raw materials for industry – provide various material such as timber
and rattan.
3. Human activities that can be damaging to biodiversity if it is left. Example
of negative effects of these activities on biodiversity are
- Illegal hunting - Animals are threatened with extinction .
- Deforestation -causes the destruction of many species of plants which
then cause animal to lose their habitat. Plants and animals are threatened
with extinction .
- Fishing by bottom trawling – not only catching mature fish but also
juvenile fish as well as destroyed plants on the sea floor
4. Ways of conservation and preservation of natural resources.
(i) Recycling of used materials
(ii) Reforestation
(iii) Law enforcement
(iv) Through campaign and educational programmes.
(v) create national parks and forest reserves.
5. What is meant by endemic spesies?
Species that lives in clusters within a restricted habitat in a specific
location.
6. The endemic species in Malaysia.
(i) Malayan tiger
(ii) Pygmy elephant
(iii) Pitcher plant

Notes chapter 1.2 Animal Classification


Animals
 Divided into Invertebrates and Vertebrates
Invertebrates (no backbone)
 Without legs
o Non-segmented body
o Segmented body
 With legs
o Three pairs of legs
o More than three pairs of legs
Vertebrates (have backbone)
 Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals
Fish
 Poikilothermic body temperature
 Breathe through gills
 External fertilisation
 Lay eggs
 Body covered with hard and slimy scales
Amphibians
 Poikilothermic body temperature
 Young breathes through gills
 Adults breathe through lungs and moist skin
 External fertilisation
 Lay jelly-like eggs (without shell)
 Body covered with moist skin
Reptiles
 Poikilothermic body temperature
 Breathe through lungs
 Internal fertilisation
 Lay eggs with shell
 Body covered with scales and hard skin
Birds
 Homeothermic body temperature
 Breathe through lungs
 Internal fertilisation
 Lay eggs
 Body covered with feathers
Mammals
 Homeothermic body temperature
 Breathe through lungs
 Internal fertilisation
 Give birth to young
 Body covered with fur or hair

Notes chapter 1.3 - Plant Classification


Plants
 Divided into:
o Flowering plants
o Non-flowering plants

Flowering Plants
Monocotyledon
 One cotyledon
 Leaves with parallel veins
 Non-woody stem
 Fibrous root
Examples: Banana tree and Ginger

Dicotyledon
 Two cotyledons
 Leaves with network veins
 Woody stem
 Tap root
Examples: Rambutan tree and Long bean plant

Non-Flowering Plants
Moss - Examples:
o Marchantia sp.
o Sphagnum sp.
Fern- Examples:
o Asplenium sp.
o Microsorum pteropus
Conifer- Examples:
o Pine
o Spruce

Dichotomous Key
 Used to identify and classify organisms systematically
 Based on common characteristics
 Built from a series of complete steps
 Each step consists of two contrasting statements
 Process continues until only one organism remains

You might also like