MATERIAL SCIENCE / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
MATERIALS
Comprehensive Question Bank
PART – A
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Pig iron is produced in:
a) Cupola furnace
b) Blast furnace
c) Electric furnace
d) Crucible furnace
2. Grey cast iron contains graphite in the form of:
a) Nodules
b) Flakes
c) Cementite
d) Pearls
3. Which cast iron is hardest?
a) Grey cast iron
b) White cast iron
c) Nodular cast iron
d) Malleable cast iron
4. Wrought iron is manufactured by:
a) L.D process
b) Puddling process
c) Electric process
d) Crucible process
5. Which alloying element improves toughness of steel?
a) Sulphur
b) Nickel
c) Phosphorus
d) Silicon
6. Chromium in steel improves:
a) Brittleness
b) Corrosion resistance
c) Softness
d) Ductility
7. Low carbon steel contains carbon up to:
a) 0.25%
b) 0.8%
c) 1.5%
d) 2%
8. Stainless steel mainly contains:
a) Zinc
b) Tin
c) Chromium
d) Copper
9. High speed steels are mainly used for:
a) Casting
b) Cutting tools
c) Pipes
d) Springs
10. Cemented carbides are used for:
a) Welding
b) Tool making
c) Painting
d) Casting
11. Brass is an alloy of:
a) Copper and tin
b) Copper and zinc
c) Copper and nickel
d) Copper and aluminium
12. Bronze is an alloy of:
a) Copper and zinc
b) Copper and tin
c) Copper and iron
d) Copper and lead
13. Monel metal is an alloy of:
a) Copper and zinc
b) Nickel and copper
c) Aluminium and tin
d) Iron and chromium
14. Nichrome is widely used in:
a) Bearings
b) Heating elements
c) Structural members
d) Springs
15. Ferrite is:
a) Hard and brittle
b) Soft and ductile
c) Non-metallic
d) Ceramic
16. Austenite exists at:
a) Low temperature
b) Room temperature
c) High temperature
d) Freezing temperature
17. Cementite is chemically represented as:
a) Fe₂C
b) Fe₃C
c) FeC
d) Fe₄C
18. Martensite is formed by:
a) Slow cooling
b) Annealing
c) Quenching
d) Normalising
19. Annealing is done to:
a) Increase hardness
b) Relieve stresses
c) Increase brittleness
d) Reduce ductility
20. FCC structure contains:
a) 2 atoms per unit cell
b) 4 atoms per unit cell
c) 6 atoms per unit cell
d) 8 atoms per unit cell
21. BCC structure stands for:
a) Body centered cubic
b) Base centered cubic
c) Body crystalline cube
d) Binary centered cubic
22. Frenkel defect is a type of:
a) Surface defect
b) Point defect
c) Line defect
d) Volume defect
23. Metallic bonding is due to:
a) Shared electrons
b) Transfer of electrons
c) Free electrons
d) Hydrogen atoms
24. Ductility is the ability of a material to:
a) Resist impact
b) Be drawn into wire
c) Resist wear
d) Resist heat
25. Hardness is resistance to:
a) Corrosion
b) Fracture
c) Indentation
d) Expansion
26. Slip occurs during:
a) Elastic deformation
b) Plastic deformation
c) Melting
d) Solidification
27. Recrystallization occurs after:
a) Hot working
b) Cold working
c) Casting
d) Annealing only
28. Fatigue failure occurs due to:
a) Static loading
b) Repeated loading
c) Corrosion
d) Heating
29. Creep occurs at:
a) Low temperature
b) High temperature
c) Room temperature only
d) Freezing temperature
30. Bell metal is mainly used for making:
a) Pipes
b) Bearings
c) Bells
d) Springs
PART – B
Short Answer Questions
1. Explain the manufacture of pig iron in a blast furnace.
2. Compare grey cast iron and white cast iron.
3. Explain the puddling process for wrought iron production.
4. Describe the effects of carbon and silicon on steel.
5. Explain the Bessemer steel making process.
6. Classify steels based on carbon content.
7. Discuss the properties and applications of stainless steel.
8. Explain the composition and uses of high speed steel.
9. Compare brass and bronze.
10. Explain the iron-carbon equilibrium diagram.
11. Describe the formation of martensite.
12. Explain annealing and normalising.
13. Differentiate between BCC and FCC crystal structures.
14. Explain point defects and line defects.
15. Discuss ductile fracture and brittle fracture.
PART – C
Long Answer Questions
1. Explain the construction and working of a blast furnace with a neat
sketch.
2. Discuss the properties, composition, and applications of the
following cast irons:
(a) Grey cast iron
(b) White cast iron
(c) Nodular cast iron
3. Explain the effects of alloying elements such as carbon, manganese,
chromium, nickel, sulphur, and phosphorus on steel.
4. Describe the following steel making processes with neat sketches:
(a) Bessemer process
(b) L.D process
(c) Electric furnace process
5. Classify alloy steels and explain the properties and applications of
stainless steel, tool steel, and heat resisting steel.
6. Discuss the properties, composition, and applications of the
following non-ferrous alloys:
(a) Brass
(b) Bronze
(c) Phosphor bronze
(d) Gun metal
7. With a neat sketch explain the Fe–Fe₃C equilibrium diagram and
discuss ferrite, austenite, cementite, eutectoid steel, hypoeutectoid
steel, and hypereutectoid steel.
8. Explain the heat treatment processes:
(a) Annealing
(b) Normalising
(c) Stress relieving
(d) Recrystallization
9. Explain crystal structures and crystal defects in detail. Discuss BCC,
FCC, HCP structures, vacancies, edge dislocation, and screw
dislocation.
10. Explain the mechanical properties and deformation of metals.
Discuss elasticity, plasticity, hardness, toughness, creep, slip,
twinning, work hardening, and fatigue fracture.
END OF QUESTION PAPER