M E R N S TA C K — N O D E .
J S F O U N D AT I O N
Module 1: What is [Link]? + Setup
React se aage — ab JS ko server side chalana seekhte hain,
npm ko poori tarah samajhte hue.
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327
ROADMAP
Is Module Mein Kya Kya Cover Hoga
1 2
[Link] hai kya, aur kyun zaroori hai Install karna + Node se files run karna
3 4
npm — [Link] ki poori anatomy Dependencies, scripts, semantic versioning
5 6
Global vs Local packages, npx Apna pehla Node project banana
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 2
RECAP
React Course Se Yaad Hai?
• React Module 1 mein humne ek line mein [Link] chhua tha — 'JS ko browser ke bahar chalane wala engine'.
• Ab tak Node sirf ek tool tha jisse hum 'npm run dev' chala rahe the — kabhi khud Node se JS backend code nahi likha.
• MERN mein N = Node — yehi hamara backend banega. Isliye ab isko poori tarah, gehraai se samajhte hain.
• Achi baat: JavaScript wahi hai jo tumhe pehle se aati hai — sirf environment naya hai.
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 3
DEFINITION
[Link] Hai Kya, Exactly?
[Link] ek JavaScript runtime hai, jo Chrome ke V8 engine par bana hai — isse JS browser
ke bahar, seedha computer/server pe chalti hai.
Same Language, Dono Taraf
Frontend (React) aur Backend (Node) — dono JavaScript. Ek hi language seekh ke poora app bana sakte ho.
Non-Blocking I/O
Node ek waqt mein bahut saare requests handle kar sakta hai bina ek dusre ko roke — servers ke liye perfect.
Bahut Bada Ecosystem
npm pe lakhon ready-made packages hain — har chhoti-badi zaroorat ke liye.
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 4
REAL WORLD
Kaun Use Karta Hai [Link]?
Bade real-world platforms [Link] pe hi apna backend chalate hain:
Netflix LinkedIn PayPal Uber NASA Walmart
Ek Real Example
Socho tumhari Ycotes Student Portal app hai. Abhi tak data 'fake' tha ([Link] mein hardcoded). Real app mein, jab student form submit karta
hai, ye data kahin 'save' hona chahiye — hamesha ke liye, sabke liye.
Yehi kaam backend ([Link]) + database (MongoDB) karte hain — data ko safely store aur serve karna.
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 5
SETUP
Install Karo Aur Check Karo
[Link] se LTS (Long Term Support) version install karo — npm khud-ba-khud saath aata hai.
$ node -v // Node ka version dikhayega
$ npm -v // npm ka version dikhayega
Agar dono commands se version number aata hai — install ho chuka hai, ready ho!
Note: React course mein tumne Vite ke through indirectly Node use kiya tha. Ab hum use directly, seedhe, apna backend code likhne ke liye use karenge.
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 6
HANDS-ON
Node Se JS File Run Karna
Koi HTML, koi browser nahi chahiye — seedha terminal se JS chalti hai.
[Link] Terminal
const name = "Chirag" $ node [Link]
[Link](`Namaste, ${name}!`) Namaste, Chirag!
REPL (Read-Eval-Print-Loop)
$ node // bina file ke, seedha JS type karke test karo
> 2 + 2
4
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 7
NPM DEEP DIVE
[Link] — Project Ka 'ID Card'
• npm init -y
• [Link] khud-ba-khud bana deta hai (-y = saare defaults accept)
$ npm init -y
• name / version
{ • Project ki pehchaan
"name": "my-app", • scripts
"version": "1.0.0", • Shortcuts — npm start likhne se 'node [Link]' chalega
"main": "[Link]", • dependencies
"scripts": {
• Jo bhi packages install karoge, yahan list ho jayenge
"start": "node [Link]"
},
"dependencies": {}
}
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 8
NPM DEEP DIVE
Packages Install Karna
$ npm install lodash // normal dependency
$ npm install -D nodemon // sirf development ke liye (-D)
$ npm install // [Link] ki saari deps ek saath
dependencies — App ko chalane ke liye zaroori — jaise express, mongoose
devDependencies — Sirf development mein kaam ki — jaise nodemon (testing/tooling)
node_modules/ — Yahan sab downloaded packages store hote hain — khud kabhi edit mat karo
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 9
NPM DEEP DIVE
Semantic Versioning — ^, ~, Exact
[Link] mein version numbers ke aage symbols hote hain — ye batate hain kitna 'update' allowed hai.
"express": "4.18.2" Exact — sirf yehi version
"express": "~4.18.2" Patch updates OK — 4.18.x tak
"express": "^4.18.2" Minor + patch updates OK — 4.x.x tak (sabse common)
[Link] — jaise 4.18.2: 4=major (breaking changes), 18=minor (naye features), 2=patch (bug fixes)
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 10
NPM DEEP DIVE
Global vs Local Packages, Aur npx
Local (-g ke bina) Global (-g ke saath)
Poore computer mein kahin se bhi command jaisa chalta hai (jaise
Sirf isi project ke node_modules mein install hota hai. Zyada tar
nodemon). npx se bina install kiye bhi ek baar ke liye chala sakte
packages (express, mongoose) yahi tarika use karte hain.
ho.
$ npm install express $ npm install -g nodemon
$ npx create-react-app
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 11
PUT IT TOGETHER
Apna Pehla Node Project Banate Hain
$ mkdir my-first-node-app && cd my-first-node-app
$ npm init -y
$ npm install -D nodemon
// [Link] ke "scripts" mein add karo:
"scripts": {
"dev": "nodemon [Link]"
}
// [Link] banao, kuch likho, phir:
$ npm run dev
// nodemon = file save karte hi Node khud restart
// ho jaata hai — bilkul Vite ke HMR jaisa feel
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 12
WATCH OUT
Common Beginner Mistakes
✕
node_modules/ ko Git mein commit karna
Fix: .gitignore mein 'node_modules' add karo — ye sirf npm install se wapas ban jaata hai
✕
[Link] bina banaye packages install karna
Fix: hamesha pehle 'npm init -y' karo, phir install karo
✕
Global install pe depend rehna team projects mein
Fix: project-specific packages local hi rakho, taaki sabke system pe same version chale
✕
[Link] ko delete/ignore karna
Fix: ise commit karo — ye exact versions lock karta hai, sabke liye same setup
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 13
WRAP UP
Quick Recap + Practice Task
• [Link] = JS runtime jo browser ke bahar JS chalata hai (V8 engine par)
• node [Link] se file run, 'node' se REPL 🎯 PRACTICE TASK
• npm init -y se [Link] banta hai
• dependencies vs devDependencies ka farak
1. node -v aur npm -v chalao, versions note karo
• ^, ~ semantic versioning symbols
• nodemon se auto-restart wala dev workflow
2. Ek naya folder banao, npm init -y karo
3. Ek [Link] banao jisme apna naam [Link] ho, node [Link]
se run karo
4. nodemon install karo (dev dependency), 'dev' script banao,
aur try karo
Next Module → Module System (require/import)
Ycotes Computer Classes | Prepared by Chirag Sir | +91 9216988327 14
Shukriya!
Questions? Doubts? Comment ya class mein poocho.
Agle module mein milte hain — Module System ke saath.
YC OT E S C O M P U T E R C L A S S E S