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Class 9 Cell Chapter Notes-27

Chapter 5 of Class 9 Science covers the fundamental unit of life, the cell, detailing its discovery and the cell theory. It distinguishes between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, highlights differences between plant and animal cells, and describes various cell organelles and their functions. The chapter also explains concepts like diffusion and osmosis, providing essential definitions and exam tips.

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3 views1 page

Class 9 Cell Chapter Notes-27

Chapter 5 of Class 9 Science covers the fundamental unit of life, the cell, detailing its discovery and the cell theory. It distinguishes between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, highlights differences between plant and animal cells, and describes various cell organelles and their functions. The chapter also explains concepts like diffusion and osmosis, providing essential definitions and exam tips.

Uploaded by

rawatjitendrasingh234
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class 9 Science - Chapter 5: The Fundamental

Unit of Life (Cell)


Introduction
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
Discovery
Robert Hooke discovered cells in cork (1665). Leeuwenhoek observed living cells.
Schleiden and Schwann proposed cell theory; Virchow said all cells arise from
pre-existing cells.
Cell Theory
1. All organisms are made of cells. 2. Cell is the basic unit of life. 3. New cells arise from
existing cells.
Types
Prokaryotic: no true nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic: true nucleus
and membrane-bound organelles.
Plant vs Animal
Plant cells have cell wall, chloroplasts, large vacuole. Animal cells lack cell
wall/chloroplasts and have small vacuoles.
Cell Organelles
Nucleus-controls activities; Mitochondria-powerhouse; ER-transport; Golgi-packaging;
Ribosomes-protein synthesis; Lysosomes-digestion; Vacuoles-storage;
Plastids-photosynthesis/storage.
Membrane & Wall
Plasma membrane is selectively permeable. Cell wall provides protection and shape in
plants.
Diffusion & Osmosis
Diffusion is movement from high to low concentration. Osmosis is movement of water
through a selectively permeable membrane.
Important Definitions
Cell, Tissue, Organelle, Diffusion, Osmosis, Prokaryote, Eukaryote.
Exam Tips
Learn functions of organelles, differences between plant and animal cells, and labelled
diagrams.

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