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Newton Raphson

The document provides an overview of the Newton Raphson Method for finding roots of functions, detailing its working rule, algorithm, and both advantages and drawbacks. It includes graphical representations, derivation approaches, and a MATLAB code example for implementation. The method is noted for its rapid convergence but can diverge at inflection points and may oscillate around local maxima or minima without converging to a root.

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2 views13 pages

Newton Raphson

The document provides an overview of the Newton Raphson Method for finding roots of functions, detailing its working rule, algorithm, and both advantages and drawbacks. It includes graphical representations, derivation approaches, and a MATLAB code example for implementation. The method is noted for its rapid convergence but can diverge at inflection points and may oscillate around local maxima or minima without converging to a root.

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noker99140
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© All Rights Reserved
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Numerical Computing Newton Raphson Method Lecture #9) By Nasima Akhtar Newton Raphson Method Working Rule + Us * Starting from a single initial estimate, xo, that is not too far from a root, we move along the tangent to its intersection with the x-axis, and take that as the next approximation * This is continued until either the successive x-values are sufficiently close or the value of the function is sufficiently near zero. a linear approximation of the function, and does so using a tangent to the curve. Graphical Representation of Newton Raphson Method Derivation Approach 1 The calculation scheme follows immediately from the right triangle shown in Figure, an angle of inclination of the tangent line to the curve at x = xo as one of its acute angles: tang Perpendicular $0) Base tand = f'(p)=£20) *1=Xo F(%o) FG) X= Xo — Derivation Approach 2 As we can find the slope of a tangent line from the equation of a line (= x)= m (y= Yo) =a] Now as we know that x, isthe point where the tangent line interseets the x-axis now the equation willbe like (a = 20) = 04 = Yo) (= yo) or] Numerical depiction ofa slope is given by f'(s) ya = Oat x; because this point lies on x-axis, and Yo is f(x) so putting values in 1 = eee 9) i=) meta Fr) x, — 0) o- Ft Algorithm for Newton Raphson Method To determine a root of f(x) =0, given xp reasonably close to the Foot, Compute f(x ), f (0). 1 = Xo Repeat If (f(y) # 0) and (P(x) # 0) Then Set x = x3. Set x1 = Xp flxo)/P(%0). End If Until (fx, = xo |< tolerance value 1) Or f(x) ; 7 @ ‘The value of synthetic division in getting a root by Newton's method is that, if the reduced. polynomial divided by (& - 2), the remainder from this is the value of the derivative at x = 2: Copy the first coefficient below the line, multiply this times the x-value and add to the second coefficient, multiply that result by the x-value and add to the third coefficient, and do the same for the last coefficient. The last row of numbers is the coefficients reduced polynomial and the remainder from the division, The final result, 11, which has been circled, is the value of the polynomial at x = 2! This is also the remainder from the division: of the Newton Raphson Using Synthetic division for polynomials. * Here the circled 25 is P*(2) * With the values of P(2) and P’(2) available, we can use them in Newton's method to estimate a root starting with x, = 2: X) = 2— 11225 = 1.56, ‘This is closer to a root of P(s), which MATLAB tells us is at x = 1.3782 Thank You ©

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