MATHEMATICS- IV
EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTE UNDER VISVESHVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY (VTU)
Department of Mathematics
Assignment Questions (IV Semester)
Academic year: 2026
DMS and Graph Theory
MODULE 1: Logic and Proofs
1. Define the following with an example.
o Proposition
o Logical connectives
o Negation
o Conjunction
o Disjunction
o Exclusive Disjunction
o Conditional (Implication)
o Bi conditional
o Converse , Inverse , Contrapositive propositions
o Tautology
o Contradiction
o Contingency
o Logical Equivalence
o Predicates
o Universal , Existential quantifier and nested quantifiers
o Argument
o Open statements
o Theorem
o Proof
o Direct Proof
o Indirect Proof
o Proof by contradiction
o Disproof
o Explain proof strategies of proposition.
2. Use truth table to establish the following logical equivalence.
p q ( p q) (p q).
3. By constructing truth table show that [( p q) r ] [( p r ) (q r )] .
4. Let p, q, r denote the following propositions in verbal form.
p: ABC is isosceles
q: ABC is equilateral
r: ABC is equiangular.
Convert each of the following to verbal form
i. q p
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ii. p q
iii. qr
iv. p q
v. p q
vi. p q
5. Using truth table prove that the De-Morgan‟s laws and Absorption laws of logic.
6. Show that ( p q) ( p q) is a tautology by using laws of logic and establish the result
through truth table also.
7. Prove the following result by framing truth table
p [( p q)] is a tautology
p [p q] is a contradiction
q [p q] is a contingency.
8. Verify the principle of duality for the following logical equivalence
[( p q) {p (p q)}] p q.
9. Establish the following logical equivalences through truth tables.
p p p
( p p) (q q) p q.
10. Test the validity of the following arguments.
o Andrea can program in C++ and she can program in java. Therefore Andrea can program
in C++.
o If a person is poor, he is unhappy
If a person is unhappy, he dies young
Poor person die young.
11. Show that R S follows logically from the premises:
C D,(C D) H , H A B, ( A B) R S.
12. What is the truth value of x, p( x)andx, p( x) where p(x) is the statement i)
and the universal set consists of positive integers not exceeding 4.
13. Write the following proposition in the symbolic form and find its negation.
“If all triangles are right angled then no triangle is equiangular ‟‟.
14. Negate and simplify the following
x, [ p( x) q( x) ]
x, [ p( x) q( x) r ( x)]
15. Prove that the following argument is valid where „c‟ is the specification element of the
universe „S‟
x, [ p( x) q( x)]
x, [q( x) r ( x)]
r ( c )
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p ( c )
16. Give a direct proof, indirect proof, Proof by contradiction for the following statement.
“If n is an odd integer then (n+9) is an even integer.”
17. Prove directly and indirectly that “The Square of an even integer is always an even integer.”
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