Chapter 5

Multiples and Factors

Exercise 1:

1. Find the numbers which are divisible by 2. Write the reason for the numbers which are not divisible?

a) 3458

b)56745

c) 3850

d) 6736

e) 6733

f) 3394

Answer:

3458, 3850, 6736 and 3394 are divisible by 2. Remaining numbers are not divisible.

Reason : The digits of the numbers of ones places is 3 and 5.

2. Find the numbers which are divisible by 5 and 10. Write the reason for the numbers which are not
divisible ?

a) 3568

b) 3540

c) 6585

d) 7550

e) 4235

f) 7200

g) 7865

h) 5880

i) 4440

j) 8198

k) 8645

Answer:

b, d, f, h, j are divisible by both 5 and 10. Remaining numbers are not divisible by 5 and 10.

Reason : The numbers which do not zero at their ones place.

a) 786_

Answer:

To be divisible by 5 unit place must contain either 0 or 5

7860 and 7865

b)560_

Answer:

To be divisible by 5 unit place must contain either 0 or 5

5600 and 5605

c)785_

Answer:

7850 and 7855

d) 555_

Answer:

5550 and 5555

e) 586_

Answer:

5860 and 5865

f) 786_

Answer:

7860 and 7865

g) 584_

Answer:

5840 and 5845

h) 100_

Answer:

1000 and 1005

4. Write any 5 numbers which are exactly divisible by 2 and 5.

Ans:
10, 20, 50, 100, 250

5. Write any 5 numbers which are exactly divisible by 2,5 and 10 ?

Ans:

100, 200, 500, 1000, 2500

Exercise 2:

[Link] the following numbers which are divisible by 2 (by using divisibility rule).

3624 3549 7864 8420 8500 8646 5007 7788

Ans:

To be divisible by 2 units place must be even

3624 7864 8420 8500 8646 7788

2. Find out which of the following numbers are divisible by 6.

Ans:

To be Divisibility by 6

Step 1: the number must be divisible by 2

Step 2: the sum of the digits of the number (Digital root) must be divisible by 3

a) 1276

1276 is even number divisible by 2

Sum of digits 1276 = 1+2+7+6 = 16 (Digital Root)

16 is not divisible by 3 Hence 1276 is not divisible by 6

b) 43218

43218 is even number divisible by 2

Sum of digits 43218 = 4+3+2+1+8 = 18 (Digital Root)

18 is divisible by 3 Hence 43218 is divisible by 6

c) 71218

71218 is even number divisible by 2

Sum of digits 71218 = 7+1+2+1+8 = 19 (Digital Root)

19 is not divisible by 3 Hence 71218 is not divisible by 6

71826 is even number divisible by 2

Sum of digits 71826 = 7+1+8+2+6 = 24 (Digital Root)

24 is divisible by 3 Hence 71826 is divisible by 6

e) 4734

4734 is even number divisible by 2

Sum of digits 4734 = 4+7+3+4 = 18 (Digital Root)

18 is divisible by 3 Hence 4734 is divisible by 6

f) 3743

3743 is odd number not divisible by 2

Hence 3743 is not divisible by 6

3) The number 50 19 is exactly divisible by 9. Fill the with the correct number.

Ans:

A number to be divisible by 9 sum of digits to be divisible by 9

5+ 0+ ? +1+ 9 = 15 + ?

15 + ? is divisible by 9 ( if ? = 3)

15+3 = 18 is divisible by 9

Then the number to be filled is 3

3) The number 4 468 is exactly divisible by 6. Fill the with the correct number.

Ans:

To be Divisibility by 6

Step 1: the number must be divisible by 2

Step 2: the sum of the digits of the number (Digital root) must be divisible by 3

Sum of digits 4+?+4+6+8 = 22+ ?

22 + ? is to be divisible by 3 ( then ? = 2)

22+2 = 24 is divisible by 3

Then the number to be filled is 2

Q5. Fill the blanks with suitable digits. So that it can be divisible by 2 and 10.

678__,
Ans: Divisibility by 2 units place must be even

Divisbility by 10 units place must be 0

6780

588__,

Ans:

5880

388__,

Ans: 3880

222__,

Ans: 2220

364__,

Ans: 3640

786__,

Ans: 7860

666__,

Ans: 6660

788__

Ans: 7880

6. Find the numbers which are divisible by 4 and 8

2104

Ans:

Divisibility by 4 last 2 digits to be divisible by 4

Divisibility by 8 last 3 digits to be divisible by 8

2104

Last 2 digits is 04 is divisible by 4

Last 3 digits 104 is divisible by 8

726352

Ans:

Last 2 digits is 52 is divisible by 4

1800

Ans:

Last 2 digits is 00 is divisible by 4

Last 3 digits 800 is divisible by 8

32256

Ans:

Last 2 digits is 56 is divisible by 4

Last 3 digits 256 is divisible by 8

52248

Ans:

Last 2 digits is 48 is divisible by 4

Last 3 digits 248 is divisible by 8

25608

Ans:

Last 2 digits is 08 is divisible by 4

Last 3 digits 608 is divisible by 8

7. Try whether the numbers are divisible by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10

a) 333

Ans:

333 is odd number not divisible by 2,4,6,8,10

5 is not in units place hence it is not divisible by 5

Sum of digits of 333 = 3+3+3 = 9 it is divisible by 3 and 9

b) 128

Ans:

128 is even number divisible by 2

Last 2 digits is 28 divisible by and last 3 digits is 128 divisible by 8

Sum of digits = 1+2+8 = 11 not divisible by 3 and 9

Neither 0 nor 5 is in units place not divisible by 5 and 10

Ans:

225 is odd number not divisible by 2,4,6,8,10

Sum of digits = 2+2+5 = 9 is divisible by 3 and 9

Units place is 5 hence divisible by 5 and not divisible by 10

d) 7535

Ans:

7535 is odd number not divisible by 2,4,6,8,10

Sum of digits = 7+5+3+5 = 20 is not divisible by 3 and 9

Units place is 5 hence divisible by 5 and not divisible by 10

e) 8289

Ans:

7535 is odd number not divisible by 2,4,6,8,10

Sum of digits = 8+2+8+9 = 27 is divisible by 3 and 9

Neither 0 nor 5 is in units place not divisible by 5 and 10

f) 99483

Ans:

99483 is odd number not divisible by 2,4,6,8,10

Sum of digits = 9+9+4+8+3 = 33 is divisible by 3 and not divisible by 9

Neither 0 nor 5 is in units place not divisible by 5 and 10

g) 67704

Ans:

67704 is even number divisible by 2 last two digits is 04 divisible by 4 last three digits is 704 divisible by 8

Sum of digits = 6+7+7+0+4 = 24 is divisible by 3 and divisible by 6 but not divisible by 9

Neither 0 nor 5 is in units place not divisible by 5 and 10

h) 67713

Ans:

67713 is odd number not divisible by 2,4,6,8,10

Sum of digits = 6+7+7+1+3 = 24 is divisible by 3 and not divisible by 9

i) 9410

Ans:

9410 is a even number is divisible by 2

Last two digits is 10 not divisible by 4

Sum of digits = 9+4+1+0 = 14 is not divisible by 3, 6 and 9

Neither 0 nor 5 is in units place not divisible by 5 and 10

j) 67722

Ans:

67722 is a even number is divisible by 2

Last two digits is 22 not divisible by 4

Sum of digits = 6+7+7+2+2 = 24 is divisible by 3 and 6 not divisible by 9

Neither 0 nor 5 is in units place not divisible by 5 and 10

k) 20704

Ans:

20704 is an even number is divisible by 2

Last two digits is 04 divisible by 4 and last 3 digits is 704 divisible by 8

Sum of digits = 2+0+7+0+4 = 13 is not divisible by 3, 6 and 9

Neither 0 nor 5 is in units place not divisible by 5 and 10

l) 35932

Ans:

35932 is an even number is divisible by 2

Last two digits is 32 divisible by 4 and last 3 digits is 392 divisible by 8

Sum of digits = 3+5+9+3+2 = 22 is not divisible by 3, 6 and 9

Neither 0 nor 5 is in units place not divisible by 5 and 10

m) 85446

Ans:

85446 is an even number is divisible by 2

Last two digits is 46 is not divisible by 4 and also not divisible by 8

85446 is divisible by both 2 and 3 hence divisible by 6

Neither 0 nor 5 is in units place not divisible by 5 and 10

n) 90990

Ans:

90990 is an even number is divisible by 2

Last two digits is 90 is not divisible by 4 and also not divisible by 8

Sum of digits = 9+0+9+9+0 = 27 is divisible by 3 and 9

90990 is divisible by both 2 and 3 hence divisible by 6

units place is 0 hence divisible by 5 and 10

o) 18540

Ans:

18540 is an even number is divisible by 2

Last two digits is 40 is divisible by 4 and last three digits is 540 not divisible by 8

Sum of digits = 1+8+5+4+0 = 18 is divisible by 3 and 9

18540 is divisible by both 2 and 3 hence divisible by 6

Units place is 0 hence divisible by 5 and 10

8. Find the missing digit that would make each number divisible by the given number

a) 395__ by 10

Ans:

Units place should be 0 = 3950

b) 24305__ by 9

Ans:

2+4+3+0+5+? = 14+? Is to be divisible by 9

Then 14 + 4 = 18 is divisible by 9

The missing digit is 4

c) 69839__ by 3 and 9

Ans:

6+9+8+3+9+? = 35+? Is to be divisible by 3 and 9

The missing number is 1

d) 271__ 8 by 6

Ans:

Unit digit is 8 an even number divisible by 2

2+7+1+?+8 = 18 + ? is to be divisible by 3

Then 18+ 0 = 18

The missing number is 0

e) 20710___ by 4

Ans:

Last two digits is to be divided by 4

Possible values 4 and 8

The numbers are 207104 and 207108

f) 5027__5 by 3 and 5

Ans:

Sum of digits = 5+0+2+7+?+5 = 19+?

19+? Is to be divisible by 3

19+2 = 21 is divisible by 3

It becomes 502725

g) 145___2 by 8

Ans:

5_2 is to be divisible by 8

512 is divisible by 8

14512 is divisible by 8

h) 92048__ by 2

Ans:

Unit place is to be even number

92048__ (0/2/4/6/8)

i) 23405___ by 5
Ans:

Units place should be either 0 or 5

23450 or 23455

9. Find the smallest number that is to be added to 289279, so that it can be divisible by 8

Ans:

To be divisible by 8 last 3 digits number to be divisible by 8

279+ ? is to be divisible by 8

279 +1 = 280 is divisible by 8

Exercise 3

1) There are some fruits in a basket. If we arrange 4 or 6 or 8 or 10 fruits in a pile, no fruits are left in the

basket. What is the minimum number of fruits in the basket?

Ans:

Arrangement of fruits in a pile are 4 or 6 or 8 or 10

We need to find the LCM of 4, 6, 8, 10

2 4, 6, 8, 10
2 2,3,4,5
1,3,2,5
LCM = 2 × 2 × 1 × 3 × 2 × 5 = 120

The minimum number of fruits in the basket = 120.

2) Ramu has 16 blue marbles and 12 white ones. If he wants to arrange them in identical groups without

leaving any marbles, what is the maximum number in each group Ramu can make?

Ans:

Number of marbles Ramu has = 16 and 12

We need to find the HCF of 12 and 16

4 12, 16

3, 4

HCF = 4

Maximum number of marbles Ramu can make = 4.

3) Two Neon lights are turned on at the same time. One blinks for every 4 seconds and other blinks for
every 6 seconds. In 60 seconds how many times will they blink at a time?
Ans:

Blink time of lights = 4 sec and 6 sec

First we need to find at how many seconds they blink together i.e.,

LCM of 4 and 6 Sec

2 4, 6

2, 3

LCM = 2 x 2 x 3 = 12

They blink together for every 12 seconds

In 60 seconds of time they will be for 60/12 = 5 times

4) There are 40 girls and 32 boys, who want to participate in state-level games competition. If each
team must have the same number of girls and the same number of boys.

Ans:

No of girls = 40

No of Boys = 32

i) What is the maximum number in each team that can participate in state-level games?

the maximum number in each team that can participate in state-level games = HCF of 40, 32

2 40, 32
2 20, 16
2 10, 8
5, 4
HCF = 2 x 2 x 2 = 8

The maximum number in each team = 8 numbers.

ii) How many boys and girls will be on each team?

To find out boys and girls will be an each team, we need to find LCM of 32 and 40

2 40, 32

2 20, 16

2 10, 8

5, 4

LCM = 2 x 2 x 2 x 4 x 5 = 160

5) Find the least number of sheets of paper required to make notebooks containing 32 sheets or 40
sheets or 48 sheets without a single sheet leaving behind.
Ans:

To find the least number of sheets of paper required to make note books, we need to find LCM of 32,
40, 48.

2 32, 40, 48

2 16, 20, 24

2 8, 10, 12

2 4, 5 , 6

2, 5, 3

LCM = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 5 x 3 = 480

6) What is the least number of chairs needed for an auditorium so that they can be arranged either 27 in
a row or 33 in a row?

Ans:

LCM of 27 and 33

3 27, 33

9, 11

LCM = 3 x 9 x 11 = 297

Therefore 297 chairs are needed for auditorium