BY ABDUL BARI SIR
EDITOR: LENKA RAKESH
ALL THE BEST
VARIBLES
✓ A variable is used to store a value and also gives a name to that value. We can
retrieve and update the value which means data.
✓ Note: After update the value of the variable (ID) of the variable different as compare
before the update the value. (Variables is also called Operands
✓ Actually, variable create the new memory allocation for updated value
✓ Variable can be declared without value.
✓ Declaration and installation performed simultaneously
DATA TYPES
Numeric data types (int & float)
A Numeric data type is a data type that represents numbers and allows mathematical
operations on them. ( either negative nor positive numbers)
int is a integer data type
Float datatype
✓ A float is a numerical data-type which is represented in the decimal formate
✓ Floating point represntaion as a= 125E 2(O/P: 12500.0) B=125E-2(O/P : 1.25)
✓ A=20 where (A is mentissa 20 is a exponent)
✓ Allows both negative and positive values.
Numeric types (Boolean and Complex)
BOOLEAN
Bool: A bool numeric data type which gives true and false based on
the condition.
✓ True (1) and False(0)
✓ First letter of True and False must be capital
✓ Type is used know the type of the function.
COMPLEX
Complex: A number which can be represent in a+bj formate is called
Complex number.
LITERALS
Literal: A direct values that are used in a progrm is called as literals.
✓ We can sperate large numbers by underscore(_)
✓ A=125_(syntax error :invalid decimal literal)
✓ B=_456(Syntax error :invalid decimal literal )
✓ C=456_125(right)
✓ why error means python treating as vriable name not a literals
we start variable by underscore also . so it is genrate syntax
error
✓ undersore are use only for readability
INTEGER LITERAL --- NUMBER SYSTEM
NUMBER SYSTEM
1. Decimal
2. Binary
3. Octal
4. Hexa Decimal
Decimal = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
Binary = {0,1}
Octal = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}
Hexa={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F} { A to F are 10 to 15}
Follow the (conversion method)
A can be written as dec ,bin, oct, hexa but answer is 10 only like we are calling the value 10
in different languages ( ten, పది, பத்து, പത്ത്)
BASE CONVERSION
Base conversion: A base-conversion is process of converting one-base number to another
base-number
Example: bin to oct, hex to dec, oct to bin etc.
TYPE CONVERSION
Type conversion: A type conversion is process of converting one data type to another data
type by type keyword
OPERATORS
✓ Arithmetic operators
✓ Expressions
✓ Operator precedence
EXPRESSIONS
✓ EXPRESSIONS: Expression is combination of operands and operators is called
expressions
a=20
b=30 # (=) is assignment operator
c=a+b # (c) is operand (+) is operator
print(c) # print(c) is a result of an expression
OPERATOR PRECEDENCES (EXPRESSIONS)
BITWISE OPERATOR
AND (&) OPERATOREXAPMPLES
1*1=1
1*0=0
0*1=0
0*0=0
OR OPERATOR
1+1=1
1+0=1
0+1=1
0+0=0
Notation we used for or is (|)
XOR (^) OPERATOR
1^1=0
1^0=1
0^1=1
0^0=0
0 doesn’t
Have value
So ignore 0
On starting position
BITWISE LEFT SHIFT (<<)
insert the
extra 0
in the empty
place after
moving the
digits
from left
side
BITWISE RIGHT SHIFT (>>)
We cannot insert the 0 in the empty place. number must and should
move right side
(remove the first
digit from right
hand side return
Remaining digit)
Float is not
consider so it is
integer
>> means ½ of the
Number
CONTROL STATEMENT
✓ if
✓ else
✓ elif
CHAINING COMPARISON
LOOPES AND CONTROL FLOW
✓ While loop
✓ For loop
✓ Continue, break, pass
✓ Infinite loop
✓ Match case
Note : looping statements required more practice
An infinite loop in Python is a loop that never terminates on its own because the condition
controlling the loop always evaluates to True. These loops keep running until you manually
stop them (e.g., pressing Ctrl + C in the terminal)
A. Basic Loop Questions (1–10)
1. Print numbers from 1 to 10.
2. Print all even numbers from 1 to 50.
3. Print all odd numbers from 1 to 50.
4. Print the sum of first 50 natural numbers.
5. Print the multiplication table of a given number.
6. Count the digits in a given number.
7. Reverse a given number using a loop.
8. Find the factorial of a given number.
9. Check whether a given number is a prime number.
STRINGS
✓ A String is collection of homogenous elements such as numbers, alphabets, special
symbols, (space) that are written in between codes.
TRAVESING
• Traversing is a process of travelling on the string
• We can access the string by two methods
method:1
S1= “hello”
For I in range(s1):
Print(i)
Method: 2
For I in range(len(s1)
Print(s1[i])
STRING LITERALS
INDEXING AND SLICING
✓ String indexing
✓ Immutable string
✓ String Slicing
STRING INDEXING
➢ String has a immutable character
➢ If we modified a string it always gives new string
➢ It have both negative and positive index values
STRING SLICING
➢ Slicing is process of accessing the subset of elements from sequence like lists , tuple
,sting etc
➢ Syntax : string-name[start: stop: step]
# String slicing
s = "Hello, World!"
print(s[0:5]) # 'Hello' -> from index 0 to 4
print(s[7:12]) # 'World' -> from index 7 to 11
print(s[:5]) # 'Hello' -> start is 0 by default
print(s[7:]) # 'World!' -> goes till the end
print(s[::2]) # 'Hlo ol!' -> every 2nd character
print(s[::-1]) # '!dlroW ,olleH' -> reverse string
# List slicing
numbers = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
print(numbers[1:4]) # [20, 30, 40]
print(numbers[:3]) # [10, 20, 30]
\print(numbers[::2]) # [10, 30, 50]