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Class VI Computer Science Note 2

The document provides an overview of algorithms and flowcharts, defining algorithms as sequences of steps for problem-solving with characteristics like input, output, definiteness, and finiteness. It highlights the advantages of algorithms, such as clarity and independence from programming languages, and describes flowcharts as diagrammatic representations that aid in understanding program logic. Additionally, the document includes specific algorithms and flowcharts for calculating the sum of two numbers and converting temperatures between Celsius and Fahrenheit.

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Tanvir Ahmad
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2 views4 pages

Class VI Computer Science Note 2

The document provides an overview of algorithms and flowcharts, defining algorithms as sequences of steps for problem-solving with characteristics like input, output, definiteness, and finiteness. It highlights the advantages of algorithms, such as clarity and independence from programming languages, and describes flowcharts as diagrammatic representations that aid in understanding program logic. Additionally, the document includes specific algorithms and flowcharts for calculating the sum of two numbers and converting temperatures between Celsius and Fahrenheit.

Uploaded by

Tanvir Ahmad
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

HANDOUT - 2 2nd Term (2025-2026)

Algorithm & Flowchart


Name: Manual Class: VI Roll: Section:
Subject: Computer Science Teacher: Sumaiya Shabbir Date:

ALGORITHM:

The word “algorithm” relates to the name of the mathematician Al-khwarizmi , which means
a procedure or a technique. A software engineer commonly uses an algorithm for planning
and solving problems. An algorithm is a sequence of steps to solve a particular problem or
an ordered set of unambiguous steps that produces a result and terminates in finite time.

An algorithm has the following characteristics:

• Input: An algorithm may or may not require input.

• Output: Each algorithm is expected to produce at least one result.

• Definiteness: Each instruction must be clear and unambiguous.

• Finiteness: If the instructions of an algorithm are executed, the algorithm


should terminate after a finite number of steps.

Advantages of an algorithm

• It is a step-wise representation of a solution to a given problem, which makes it easy


to understand.
• An algorithm uses a definite procedure.
• It is not dependent on any programming language, so it is easy to understand for
anyone even without programming knowledge.
• Every step in an algorithm has its own logical sequence ,so it is easy to debug.

FLOWCHART:

The first design of flowchart goes back to 1945, which was designed by John Von Neumann.
Unlike an algorithm, flowchart uses different symbols to design a solution to a problem. It is
another commonly used programming tool. By looking at a flowchart, one can understand
the operations and sequence of operations performed in a system. Flowchart is often
considered a blueprint of a design used for solving a specific problem.

Advantages of a flowchart:

• Flowchart is an excellent way of communicating the logic of a program.


• It is easy and efficient to analyse the problem using a flowchart.
• It is easy to convert the flowchart into any programming language code.

1
Flowchart is a diagrammatic orAlgorithm & Flowchart
a graphical representation of t h e sequence of steps to
Manual
solve a problem. To draw a flowchart following standard symbols are used:

Symbol Name Symbol Function

used to represent start and


Oval end of flowchart.

used for input and output


Parallelogram
operation.

used for arithmetic


Rectangle operations and data-
manipulations

used to represent the


operation in which there are
Diamond two/three alternatives, true
and false,etc

used to indicate the flow of


Arrows logic by connecting symbols

Circle page connector

2
..

Algorithm and Flowchart to find the sum of two numbers:

Algorithm

Step-1 Start

Step-2 Input first numbers say A

Step-3 Input second number say B

Step-4 SUM = A + B

Step-5 Display SUM

Step-6 Stop

3
Algorithm and Flowchart to convert temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit:

C : temperature in Celsius

F : temperature Fahrenheit

Algorithm

Step-1 Start

Step-2 Input temperature in Celsius say C

Step-3 F = (9.0/5.0 x C) + 32

Step-4 Display Temperature in Fahrenheit F

Step-5 Stop

Algorithm and Flowchart to convert temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius:

C : temperature in Celsius
F : temperature Fahrenheit

Algorithm

Step-1 Start

Step-2 Input temperature in Fahrenheit say F

Step-3 C = 5.0/9.0 (F - 32 )

Step-4 Display Temperature in Celsius C

Step-5 Stop

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