Digestive System Ayesha Hurain, Year-5
Short-Answer Questions
1. What is the digestive system?
Answer: The digestive system is a group of organs that break down food into nutrients that the
body can absorb and use for energy, growth, and repair.
2. What is the function of the mouth in digestion?
Answer: The mouth chews food into smaller pieces and mixes it with saliva to begin digestion.
3. What is the role of the esophagus?
Answer: The esophagus is a tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach.
4. What does the stomach do?
Answer: The stomach churns food and mixes it with digestive juices to break it down further.
5. What happens in the small intestine?
Answer: The small intestine absorbs nutrients from digested food into the bloodstream.
6. What is the function of the large intestine?
Answer: The large intestine absorbs water from undigested food and forms waste.
7. What is a balanced diet?
Answer: A balanced diet contains all the nutrients needed by the body in the correct amounts.
8. Name any two nutrients found in a balanced diet.
Answer: Carbohydrates and proteins.
9. Why are vitamins important for our body?
Answer: Vitamins help the body stay healthy and protect it from diseases.
10. Why should we drink enough water every day?
Answer: Water helps digestion, transports nutrients, and keeps the body hydrated.
Long-Answer Questions
1. Explain the journey of food through the digestive system.
Answer: Food enters the mouth, where it is chewed and mixed with saliva. It then travels through
the oesophagus to the stomach, where it is broken down further. The small intestine absorbs
nutrients into the blood. Finally, the large intestine absorbs water and removes waste from the
body.
2. Describe the functions of the main parts of the digestive system.
Answer: The mouth chews food and starts digestion. The oesophagus carries food to the stomach.
The stomach mixes food with digestive juices. The small intestine absorbs nutrients, while the
large intestine absorbs water and prepares waste for removal.
3. Why is a balanced diet important for good health?
Answer: A balanced diet provides the body with all the nutrients it needs. It helps children grow
properly, gives energy for daily activities, and keeps the immune system strong. It also helps
prevent nutritional deficiencies.
4. What are the main components of a balanced diet and their functions?
Answer: Carbohydrates provide energy, proteins help growth and repair, and fats store energy.
Vitamins and minerals keep the body healthy, while water helps in digestion and other body
functions. Fiber supports healthy digestion.
5. How can poor eating habits affect the digestive system?
Answer: Eating unhealthy foods regularly can cause digestive problems. A lack of fibre may lead to
constipation, while eating too much junk food can affect overall health. Poor eating habits can also
reduce energy levels and weaken the body.
Fill in the Blanks
1. Digestion begins in the __________.
Answer: mouth
2. The __________ carries food from the mouth to the stomach.
Answer: esophagus
3. Most nutrients are absorbed in the __________ intestine.
Answer: small
4. The __________ helps absorb water from undigested food.
Answer: large intestine
5. __________ help the body grow and repair tissues.
Answer: Proteins
6. __________ provide the body with energy.
Answer: Carbohydrates
7. A diet containing all essential nutrients is called a __________ diet.
Answer: balanced
8. __________ is mixed with food in the mouth.
Answer: Saliva
9. The stomach uses digestive __________ to break down food.
Answer: juices
10. __________ helps food move through the digestive system.
Answer: Fiber
True/False Statements
1. Digestion starts in the stomach.
Answer: False
2. The small intestine absorbs nutrients.
Answer: True
3. Water is not important in a balanced diet.
Answer: False
4. Proteins help repair body tissues.
Answer: True
5. The large intestine absorbs water.
Answer: True
6. Vitamins help keep the body healthy.
Answer: True
7. The oesophagus digests food completely.
Answer: False
8. Fibre helps maintain healthy digestion.
Answer: True
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. Which organ receives food after it leaves the mouth?
A. Small intestine
B. Esophagus
C. Large intestine
D. Liver
Answer: B. Esophagus
2. Which organ absorbs most nutrients from food?
A. Stomach
B. Mouth
C. Small intestine
D. Large intestine
Answer: C. Small intestine
3. Which nutrient mainly provides energy?
A. Vitamins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Minerals
D. Water
Answer: B. Carbohydrates
4. Which part of the digestive system churns food?
A. Stomach
B. Mouth
C. Esophagus
D. Large intestine
Answer: A. Stomach
5. Which of the following is part of a balanced diet?
A. Only carbohydrates
B. Only proteins
C. Only fats
D. A variety of nutrients
Answer: D. A variety of nutrients
Analytical Thinking Questions
1. Why do you think chewing food properly is important before swallowing it?
Answer: Chewing breaks food into smaller pieces, making it easier to swallow and digest. It also
mixes food with saliva, which begins the digestion process.
2. What might happen if a person eats foods without enough fibre for many days?
Answer: The person may experience constipation because fibre helps food move smoothly
through the digestive system.
3. How does drinking water help the digestive system work effectively?
Answer: Water helps break down food, absorb nutrients, and move waste through the digestive
system. It also prevents dehydration.
4. Why should children eat foods from different food groups instead of only one type of food?
Answer: Different food groups provide different nutrients. Eating a variety of foods ensures the
body gets everything needed for growth, energy, and health.
Real-Life Scenario-Based Questions
1. Ahmed eats chips, sweets, and soft drinks every day. He rarely eats fruits, vegetables, or
drinks water. After some time, he feels tired and often has digestive problems. What advice
would you give Ahmed? Explain why.
Answer: Ahmed should eat a balanced diet that includes fruits, vegetables, proteins,
carbohydrates, and plenty of water. These foods provide essential nutrients and fibre, which help
digestion and keep the body healthy and energetic.
2. Sara is preparing her lunch for school. She has the following choices: an apple, grilled chicken
sandwich, chocolate bar, water, and a packet of crisps. Which foods should she choose to make
a balanced meal and why?
Answer: Sara should choose the apple, grilled chicken sandwich, and water. The sandwich
provides carbohydrates and protein, the apple provides vitamins and fibre, and water helps keep
the body hydrated. Together, they make a healthier and more balanced meal than crisps and
chocolate alone