Subject: Mathematics
Std: IX
Topic: Simultaneous Linear Equations
Date: 21/07/26
1. Solve: 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙𝒚, 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑𝒙𝒚, where 𝒙 ≠ 𝟎and 𝒚 ≠ 𝟎.
Solution: The given equations are: 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑦 … (𝑖)6𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 3𝑥𝑦 … (𝑖𝑖)
3 2 6 2
On dividing each equation by 𝑥𝑦, we get: 𝑦 + 𝑥 = 2 … (𝑖𝑖𝑖) 𝑦 + 𝑥 = 3 … (𝑖𝑣)
1 1
Putting 𝑥 = 𝑢and 𝑦 = 𝑣, we get: 3𝑣 + 2𝑢 = 2 … (𝑣)6𝑣 + 2𝑢 = 3 … (𝑣𝑖)
1
On subtracting (vi) from (v), we get: −3𝑣 = −1 ⟹ 𝑣 = 3
1 1 1
Substituting 𝑣 = 3in (v), we get: 3 × 3 + 2𝑢 = 2 ⟹ 1 + 2𝑢 = 2 ⟹ 2𝑢 = 1 ⟹ 𝑢 = 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
Now, 𝑢 = 2 ⟹ = 2 ⟹ 𝑥 = 2And, 𝑣 = 3 ⟹ =3 ⟹ 𝑦=3
𝑥 𝑦
Hence, the solution is 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = 3.
𝟑 𝟐 𝟐 𝟑 𝟏𝟏
2. Solve : 𝒙+𝒚 + 𝒙−𝒚 = 𝟑, 𝒙+𝒚 + 𝒙−𝒚 = 𝟑
Solution : The given equations are :
3 2
+ =3 ... (i)
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦
2 3 11
+ = ... (ii)
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦 3
1 1
Putting 𝑥+𝑦 = 𝑢, and 𝑥−𝑦 = 𝑣 these equations become :
3𝑢 + 2𝑣 = 3 ... (iii)
11
2𝑢 + 3𝑣 = ... (iv)
3
Multiplying (iv) by 3, we get : 6𝑢 + 9𝑣 = 11 ... (v)
Multiplying (iii) by 2, we get : 6𝑢 + 4𝑣 = 6 ... (vi)
Subtracting (vi) from (v), we get : 5𝑣 = 5 ⇒ 𝑣 = 1.
1
Substituting 𝑣 = 1 in (iii), we get : 3𝑢 + 2 × 1 = 3 ⇒ 3𝑢 = 1 ⇒ 𝑢 = 3.
1 1 1
𝑢= ⇒ = ⇒ 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 3 ... (vii)
3 𝑥+𝑦 3
1
𝑣=1⇒ = 1 ⇒ 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 1 .. (viii)
𝑥−𝑦
Adding (vii) and (viii), we get : 2𝑥 = 4 ⇒ 𝑥 = 2.
Substituting 𝑥 = 2 in (vii), we get 2 + 𝑦 = 3 ⇒ 𝑦 = 1.
Hence, 𝑥 = 2 and 𝑦 = 1 is the solution of the given equations.
𝒂𝒙 𝒃𝒚
3. Solve the system of equations − = 𝒂 + 𝒃, 𝒂𝒙 − 𝒃𝒚 = 𝟐𝒂𝒃 by the method of cross
𝒃 𝒂
multiplication.
Solution : The given equations are :
𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦
− − (𝑎 + 𝑏) = 0 ... (i)
𝑏 𝑎
𝑎𝑥 − 𝑏𝑦 − 2𝑎𝑏 = 0 ... (ii)
By cross multiplication, we have :
𝑥 𝑦 1
⇒ −𝑏
= 𝑎 =𝑎 −𝑏
( 𝑎 ) × (−2𝑎𝑏) − (−𝑏) × {−(𝑎 + 𝑏)} {−(𝑎 + 𝑏) × 𝑎} − (−2𝑎𝑏) × × (−𝑏) − 𝑎 × ( 𝑎 )
𝑏 𝑏
𝑥 𝑦 1
⇒ = =
2𝑏 2 − (𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 ) (−𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 2𝑎2 ) −𝑎 + 𝑏
𝑥 𝑦 1
⇒ = 2 =
𝑏2 − 𝑎𝑏 𝑎 − 𝑎𝑏 𝑏 − 𝑎
𝑥 1
Taking = ⇒𝑥=𝑏
𝑏(𝑏 − 𝑎) 𝑏 − 𝑎
𝑦 1
Taking = ⇒ 𝑦 = −𝑎
𝑎(𝑎 − 𝑏) 𝑏 − 𝑎
Hence, 𝑥 = 𝑏 and 𝑦 = −𝑎 is the solution of the given system of equations.
4. Solve the system of equations by method of cross multiplication
2 3 3 1
+ = 5, − + 9 = 0 (𝑥 ≠ 0, 𝑦 ≠ 0)
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
1 1
Solution : Putting 𝑥 = 𝑢 and 𝑦 = 𝑣, the given equations may be written as,
2𝑢 + 3𝑣 − 5 = 0 ... (i)
3𝑢 − 𝑣 + 9 = 0 ... (ii)
By cross multiplication, we have :
𝑢 𝑣 1
∴ = =
{(3 × 9) − (−1) × (−5)} {(−5) × 3 − 9 × 2} {2 × (−1) − 3 × 3}
𝑢 𝑣 1
⇒ = =
(27 − 5) (−15 − 18) (−2 − 9)
𝑢 𝑣 1
⇒ = =
22 −33 −11
22 −33
⇒𝑢= = −2 and 𝑣= =3
−11 −11
1 1
⇒ = −2 and =3
𝑥 𝑦
−1 1
⇒𝑥= and 𝑦=
2 3
−1 1
Hence, 𝑥 = and 𝑦 = 3 is the required solution.
2
5. Solve the system of equations by using the method of cross multiplication.
5 2 15 7
− + 1 = 0, + = 10 (𝑥 ≠ 𝑦, 𝑥 ≠ −𝑦)
(𝑥 + 𝑦) (𝑥 − 𝑦) (𝑥 + 𝑦) (𝑥 − 𝑦)
by using the method of cross multiplication.
1 1
Solution : Putting 𝑥+𝑦 = 𝑢 and 𝑥−𝑦 = 𝑣, the given equations become :
5𝑢 − 2𝑣 + 1 = 0 ... (i)
15𝑢 + 7𝑣 − 10 = 0 ... (ii)
By cross multiplication, we have :
𝑢 𝑣 1
∴ = =
{(−2) × (−10) − 7 × 1} {(1 × 15) − (−10) × 5} {(5 × 7) − 15 × (−2)}
𝑢 𝑣 1
⇒ = =
(20 − 7) (15 + 50) (35 + 30)
𝑢 𝑣 1
⇒ = =
13 65 65
13 1 65
⇒𝑢= = and 𝑣= =1
65 5 65
1 1 1
⇒ = and =1
𝑥+𝑦 5 𝑥−𝑦
⇒ 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 and 𝑥−𝑦 =1
Adding these equations, we get 2𝑥 = 6 ⇒ 𝑥 = 3.
Subtracting these equations, we get 2𝑦 = 4 ⇒ 𝑦 = 2.
6. If 𝟑𝒎 − 𝟓𝒏 = −𝟏 and 𝟐𝒎 = 𝒏 − 𝟑, find the values of (𝟑𝒎 + 𝟓𝒏) and (𝒎 + 𝟐𝒏).
3𝑚 − 5𝑛 = −1 ... (i)
2𝑚 − 𝑛 = −3 ... (ii)
Multiplying (i) by 2 and (ii) by 3 and subtracting, we get
6𝑚 − 10𝑛 = −2
6𝑚 − 3𝑛 = −9
(−) (+) (+)
−7𝑛 = 7 ⇒ 𝑛 = −1
Substituting the value of 𝑛 in (ii), we get
2𝑚 − (−1) = −3
⇒ 2𝑚 + 1 = −3
⇒ 2𝑚 = −4
⇒ 𝑚 = −2
Now, (3𝑚 + 5𝑛) = 3(−2) + 5(−1) = −6 − 5 = −11
and (𝑚 + 2𝑛) = −2 + 2(−1) = −2 − 2 = −4
7. Solve the following simultaneous equations by elimination method:
1 1
5𝑥 − 9 = ; 𝑥+ =3
𝑦 𝑦
1 1
5𝑥 − 9 = or 5𝑥 − = 9 ... (i)
𝑦 𝑦
1
𝑥+ =3 ... (ii)
𝑦
Adding eqn (i) and (ii), we get 6𝑥 = 12 ⇒ 𝑥 = 2
1 1
Putting 𝑥 = 2 in eqn (ii), we get 2+𝑦 =3⇒ 𝑦 = 1⇒𝑦 =1
Hence, 𝑥 = 2 and 𝑦 = 1.
8. Solve the following equations for 𝑥 and 𝑦 by elimination method:
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7𝑥𝑦; 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 = 0
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7𝑥𝑦
𝑥 𝑦
⇒ + =7
𝑥𝑦 𝑥𝑦
1 1
⇒ + =7 ... (i)
𝑦 𝑥
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 = 0
2𝑥 3𝑦 𝑥𝑦
⇒ − =−
𝑥𝑦 𝑥𝑦 𝑥𝑦
2 3
⇒ − = −1 ... (ii)
𝑦 𝑥
On multiplying eqn (i) by 2 and subtracting eqn (i) from eqn (ii), we get
5 1
= 15 ⇒ 𝑥 =
𝑥 3
1
Putting 𝑥 = 3 in eqn (i), we get
1 1 1
+3=7⇒ =4⇒𝑦 =
𝑦 𝑦 4
1 1
Hence, 𝑥 = 3 and 𝑦 = 4.
9. The sides of an equilateral triangle are (𝟔𝒙 + 𝟓𝒚) cm, (𝟕𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 + 𝟏) cm and 𝟐(𝒙 + 𝟔𝒚 − 𝟏) cm
respectively. Find the length of each side.
6𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 7𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 1
⇒ 6𝑥 − 7𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 3𝑦 = 1
⇒ −𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 1 ... (i)
Also,6𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 2(𝑥 + 6𝑦 − 1) ⇒ 6𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 12𝑦 − 2
⇒ 6𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 12𝑦 = −2 ⇒ 4𝑥 − 7𝑦 = −2 ... (ii)
On multiplying eqn (i) by 4 and adding eqn (i) and (ii), we get 𝑦 = 2
Putting 𝑦 = 2 in eqn (i), we get −𝑥 + 4 = 1 ⇒ −𝑥 = −3 ⇒ 𝑥 = 3
Hence, 𝑥 = 3 and 𝑦 = 2 and Side = 6𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 6 × 3 + 5 × 2 = 28 cm.
10. Solve the following equations for 𝑥 and 𝑦 by elimination method:
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7𝑥𝑦; 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 = 0
Sol.
𝑥 𝑦 1 1
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7𝑥𝑦 ⟹ + =7⟹ + =7 … (i)
𝑥𝑦 𝑥𝑦 𝑦 𝑥
2𝑥 3𝑦 −𝑥𝑦 2 3
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 = 0 ⟹ − = ⟹ − = −1 … (ii)
𝑥𝑦 𝑥𝑦 𝑥𝑦 𝑦 𝑥
On multiplying eqn (i) by 2 and subtracting eqn (i) from eqn (ii), we get:
5 1
= 15 ⟹ 𝑥 =
𝑥 3
1
Putting 𝑥 = 3 in eqn (i), we get:
1 1 1
+3=7⟹ =4⟹𝑦 =
𝑦 𝑦 4
1 1
Hence, 𝑥 = 3 and 𝑦 = 4.