Diagnostic Tests and Normal Biochemical Values
1. Chronic Liver Disease (CLD)
Test Purpose / Notes
LFT Assess liver enzymes and bilirubin
Ultrasound Detect structural changes
FibroScan Measure liver fibrosis
CBC Check for anemia/infection
INR/PT Assess clotting
Serum Albumin Protein synthesis marker
HBV/HCV markers Identify chronic viral infection
Parameter Normal Range
ALT 7–56 U/L
AST 10–40 U/L
ALP 44–147 U/L
Total Bilirubin 0.3–1.2 mg/dL
Albumin 3.5–5.5 g/dL
INR 0.8–1.2
2. Fatty Liver (NAFLD)
Test Purpose
Ultrasound Detect fatty infiltration
LFT Check ALT/AST elevation
Lipid Profile Detect dyslipidemia
Fasting Glucose / HbA1c Check insulin resistance
TSH Rule out hypothyroidism
Parameter Normal Range
ALT 7–56 U/L
AST 10–40 U/L
Triglycerides <150 mg/dL
Total Cholesterol <200 mg/dL
Fasting Glucose 70–99 mg/dL
3. Jaundice
Test Purpose
CBC High WBC indicates infection
CRP Inflammation marker
Test Purpose
LFT Assess bilirubin levels
Total/Direct Determine type of
Bilirubin jaundice
Ultrasound Detect biliary
obstruction
Hemolysis Profile Rule out hemolytic
jaundice
Parameter Normal Range
Total Bilirubin 0.3–1.2 mg/dL
Direct Bilirubin <0.3 mg/dL
Indirect 0.2–0.8 mg/dL
Bilirubin
ALT/AST Within normal range unless liver
disease
4. Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Test Purpose
Upper GI Endoscopy Gold standard diagnosis
H. pylori Tests Detect infection
CBC Detect bleeding/anemia
Parameter Normal
H. pylori Positive / Negative
Hemoglobin (Male) 13–17 g/dL
Hemoglobin (Female) 12–15 g/dL
5. IBs(Irritable bowel syndrome)
Common test:CBC,CRO,ESR,STOOL,TSH,SELIAC SCREENING
Test Purpose
WBC 4000-11000 U/L
CRP <5MG/DL
STOOL R/E NO OVA/Parasite
TSH 0.4-4.5 ml U/L
CELIAC <50 U/L
SCREENING
6. Acute Hepatitis
Test Purpose
LFT ALT/AST massively
elevated
Serum Measure jaundice level
Bilirubin
Hepatitis Identify HAV, HEV,
Markers HBV, HCV
Parameter Normal Range
ALT 7–56 U/L (may rise 500–2000 in
acute hepatitis)
AST 10–40 U/L
Total 0.3–1.2 mg/dL
Bilirubin