Tutorial 5
True or False
1. The sample space for an experiment is the set of all possible outcomes in that experiment.
2. The probability of an event is a measure of the likelihood that the event will not occur.
3. If two events A and B are independent, then P(AIB) ≠ P(A).
4. Two events are mutually exclusive if the occurrence of one depends on the occurrence of the other.
5. In a Venn diagram, the intersection of two events indicates that the two events are not mutually exclusive.
6. If two events are mutually exclusive, then they are independent.
7. The complement of an event and the event itself are mutually exclusive.
8. The probability of an event is always a number between 0 and 1, inclusive.
9. In selecting a card from a regular deck of cards, the event of "drawing a queen" and the event of "drawing a
king" are mutually exclusive.
10. If a regular six-sided die is rolled, then the complement of "rolling an even number" is the set {2,4,6}.
11. Two events are mutually exclusive if they cannot both occur at the same time.
12. If P(A ∩ B) = 0, then the two events must be independent.
Multiple Choice
1. If P(A) = 0.6, P(B) = 0.5, and P(A U B) = 0.9, then P(A ∩ B) is
a. impossible.
b. 0.2000.
c. 0.3000.
d. 0.6000.
2. If P(A) = 0.3, P(B) = 0.5, and P(A U B) = 0.6, then P(AIB) is
a. 0.5000.
b. 0.8333.
c. 0.4000.
d. 0.4500.
3. If P(A) = 0.6, P(B) = 0.3, and P(AIB) = 0.4, then P(A U B) is
a. 0.7800.
b. 0.1200.
c. 0.6667.
d. 0.2200.
4. If A and B are independent events and P(A) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.6, then P(A ∩ B) is
a. 0.7200.
b. 0.9000.
c. 0.1800.
d. 0.5000.
5. The probability that any one of two engines on an aircraft will fail is 0.001. Assuming that the engines operate
independently of each other, the probability that both engines will not fail is
a. (0.001)2.
b. 0.002.
c. (0.001)(0.999).
d. (0.999)2.
6. If two nontrivial events (probability not equal to zero) A and B are mutually exclusive, which of the following
must be true?
a. P(A ∩ B) = P(A) + P(B)
b. P(A U B) = P(A) + P(B)
c. P(A U B) = P(A) x P(B)
d. P(A ∩ B) = P(A) x P(B)
7. Manufactured bolts are collected in a large bin. Suppose one bolt is selected at random and examined to
determine whether it is defective or nondefective. The bolt is returned to the bin, and another is selected and
examined. If the probability of a defective bolt is 0.01, the probability of selecting two nondefective bolts is
a. 2(0.01).
b. 2(0.99).
c. (0.01)2.
d. (0.99)2.
8. From past experience, an instructor estimates that the probability that a student will cheat on an exam is 0.05.
The probability that a student cheats and is caught is 0.01. The probability that a student will be caught, given
that the student is cheating, is
a. 0.0005.
b. 0.0600.
c. 0.0400.
d. 0.2000.
9. If P(only A) = 0.4, P(only B) = 0.2, and P(A U B) = 0.8, then P(A ∩ B) is
a. 0.5000.
b. 0.2000.
c. 0.0800.
d. 0.2500.
10. If A and B are two independent events with P(A) = 0.15 and P(B) = 0.4, then P(A U B) is
a. 0.5500.
b. 0.3750.
c. 0.0600.
d. 0.4900.
11. In a three-child family, the probability that there are at least two girls is
a. 3/7
b. 1/2
c. 4/7
d. 3/8
12. If A and B are two mutually exclusive events with P(A) = 0.15 and P(B) = 0.4, then P(A ∩ Bc) is
a. 0.8500.
b. 0.1500.
c. 0.4000.
d. 0.6000.