Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulics Practice Reviewer
A dam is triangular in cross-section with the upstream face vertical. Water is flushed with the top. The
dam is 10 m high and 8 m wide at the base and weighs 2.35 tons per cubic meter. The coefficient of
friction between the base and the foundation is 0.75.
Determine the maximum unit pressure on the foundation.
Determine the minimum unit pressure on the foundation.
Determine the factor of safety against overturning.
Determine the factor of safety against sliding.
A solid object having a specific gravity of 4.0 is floating on a liquid having a specific gravity of 1.03. The
volume of the object is 0.05 m³.
Determine the weight of the object in kN.
What percentage of the total volume of the object is exposed above the liquid surface?
Determine the stress at the walls of a 400 mm diameter pipe, 12 mm thick, under a pressure of 120 m of
water
Determine the tangential (hoop) stress.
Determine the longitudinal stress.
A rectangular scow 10 m wide, 20 m long, and 4.0 m high has a draft in sea water (s=1.03) of 2.6 m. Its
center of gravity is 2.80 m above the bottom of the scow. Determine the following:
An unbalanced vertical force of 350 N upward accelerates a volume of 0.06 m³ of water. The water is
1.20 m deep in a cylindrical tank.
What is the acceleration of the tank in m/s²?
What is the pressure at the bottom of the tank in Pa?
What is the force acting on the bottom of the tank in N?
An open cylindrical tank 4 m high and 1.5 m diameter contains 2.5 m of water. The cylinder rotates
about its geometrical axis.
What constant angular velocity can be attained without spilling any water?
What constant angular velocity can be attained if the depth of water at the center is 0.80 m?
What constant angular velocity can be attained if the volume spilled out is equal to 0.45 m³?
The pump shown draws water from reservoir A at elevation 15 m and lifts it to reservoir B at elevation 75
m. The loss of head from M to 1 is three times the velocity head in the 250 mm diameter pipe and the
loss of head from 2 to A is eight times the velocity head in the 200 mm diameter pipe. Determine the
pressure heads at 1 and 2 in meters when the discharge is 0.05 m³/sec.
Determine the rated horsepower of the pump.
Determine the pressure head at 1.
Determine the pressure head at 2.
A series of three new cast-iron pipes with diameters of 400 mm, 300 mm, and 250 mm, each 50 m long,
are connected sequentially. The largest pipe starts from a reservoir, and the smallest pipe discharges into
the air, with all transitions between pipes having sharp corners. If the discharge through the system is
250 L/s:
41. Determine the velocity head at pipe 2 in m.
42. Calculate the total head lost in m.
43. Calculate the elevation difference between the outlet end of the smallest pipe and the water surface
in the reservoir.
Refer to the typical Three-Reservoir Problem figure. Let Reservoir A be at El. 40m, Reservoir B at El. 32m,
and Reservoir C at El. 20m. Use Manning's formula.
44. Determine the flow into or out of reservoir A in L/sec.
45. Determine the flow into or out of reservoir B in L/sec.
46. Determine the flow into or out of reservoir C in L/sec.
A jet of water 50 mm in diameter and having a velocity of 12 m/s strikes against a plate at right angles.
47. Determine the force on the plate if the plate is fixed.
48. Determine the force on the plate if the plate is moving in the same direction as the jet with a uniform
velocity of 4 m/s.