Basic Microsoft Excel Formulas
Formula Purpose
=SUM(A1:A10) Add values
=AVERAGE(A1:A10) Average
=COUNT(A1:A10) Count numbers
=COUNTA(A1:A10) Count non-empty cells
=MAX(A1:A10) Maximum
=MIN(A1:A10) Minimum
=IF(A1>=40,"Pass","Fail") Conditional test
=AND(A1>0,B1>0) All conditions true
=OR(A1>0,B1>0) Any condition true
=NOT(A1>0) Reverse logical result
=VLOOKUP(A2,$F$2:$G$20,2,FALSE) Vertical lookup
=XLOOKUP(A2,F2:F20,G2:G20) Lookup (Excel 365+)
=INDEX(A1:C10,2,3) Return by position
=MATCH(50,A1:A10,0) Find position
=LEFT(A1,3) Left text
=RIGHT(A1,2) Right text
=MID(A1,2,4) Middle text
=LEN(A1) Text length
=CONCAT(A1," ",B1) Join text
=TODAY() Current date
=NOW() Current date/time
=ROUND(A1,2) Round
=ROUNDUP(A1,0) Round up
=ROUNDDOWN(A1,0) Round down
Tip: Begin every formula with '='. Use $ for absolute references, e.g., $A$1.