BIOLOGY 2094.

Vitamin C Source (Lemon)

→ Lemon is rich in Vitamin C, which is essential for
Microorganisms
collagen synthesis and immunity.
2089. Common Cold (Virus)
2097. Carrot (Vitamin A)
→ Common cold is a viral infection of the upper
→ Carrot contains beta-carotene, which the body
respiratory tract, most commonly caused by
converts into Vitamin A for healthy vision.
rhinoviruses.
2104. Milk (Calcium)
2090. Plague (Rat)
→ Milk is an excellent source of calcium required for
→ Plague is a bacterial disease caused by Yersinia pestis
strong bones and teeth.
and is mainly spread through rat fleas.

Nutrition in Plants
Sensory Organs
2105. Photosynthesis
2095. Bat Navigation (Echolocation)
→ Plants manufacture glucose by photosynthesis using
→ Bats locate objects in darkness using echolocation by
carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, and chlorophyll.
detecting reflected ultrasonic waves.
2096. Cornea
→ The cornea is the transparent front layer of the eye Deficiency and Diseases
that refracts most of the incoming light.
2100. Minamata Disease
2136. Pupil → Minamata disease is caused by mercury poisoning that
→ The pupil is the adjustable opening of the eye that severely damages the nervous system.
regulates the amount of light entering the retina.
2107. Ascorbic Acid
→ Ascorbic acid is Vitamin C, essential for wound healing
and prevention of scurvy.
Nutrition in Animals
2112. Beriberi
→ Beriberi results from Vitamin B₁ (Thiamine) deficiency
Excretory System
and affects nerves and muscles.
2119. Kidney Function
2132. Goitre
→ Kidneys filter blood, remove metabolic wastes, and
→ Iodine deficiency causes enlargement of the thyroid
maintain water-salt balance.
gland known as goitre.
2122. Malpighian Tubules
2134. Rickets
→ Malpighian tubules are the excretory organs of insects
→ Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets, leading to soft
that remove nitrogenous wastes.
and weak bones in children.

Nervous System
Endocrine / Exocrine System
2128. Brain Functions
2109. Insulin
→ The brain controls body coordination, balance,
→ Insulin is secreted by pancreatic beta cells and helps
heartbeat, breathing, and higher mental functions.
regulate blood glucose levels.

Skeleton System
Circulatory System
2098. Number of Bones
2116. Thrombocytopenia
→ An adult human skeleton consists of 206 bones
→ Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by an
connected by joints and ligaments.
abnormally low platelet count.
2123. Universal Donor
→ O-negative blood is the universal donor because it Enzymes and Hormones
lacks A, B, and Rh antigens.
2135. Cytokinin
→ Cytokinin is a plant hormone that stimulates cell
Electric Current and Its Effects
division and delays leaf aging.
2113. Tungsten Filament
→ Tungsten is used in electric bulb filaments because of
Miscellaneous Biology its extremely high melting point (~3422°C).
2126. Melanin
→ Melanin is the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and
Sound
eye colour and protects against UV radiation.
2114. Pitch of Sound
→ Pitch depends on the frequency of vibration; higher
Discoveries and Vaccines frequency produces a higher pitch.
2108. Edward Jenner
→ Edward Jenner developed the first successful vaccine
Wave
against smallpox in 1796.
2106. Seismograph
2110. Upendranath Brahmachari
→ A seismograph records seismic waves generated
→ Upendranath Brahmachari developed Urea Stibamine,
during earthquakes.
a breakthrough treatment for Kala-azar.

Units and Measurements

PHYSICS
2111. Horsepower
Light and Optics
→ One horsepower equals 746 watts, a standard unit
2121. Rainbow Formation used to measure mechanical power.
→ A rainbow forms due to refraction, dispersion, and
internal reflection of sunlight in water droplets.
Discoveries Chemistry in Everyday Life
2091. Meghnad Saha 2101. Carbon Dioxide
→ Meghnad Saha formulated the Saha Ionization → Carbon dioxide is the primary greenhouse gas driving
Equation, explaining stellar spectra. anthropogenic global warming.
2092. Jagadish Chandra Bose 2120. Eutrophication
→ Jagadish Chandra Bose demonstrated that plants → Excess nitrogen and phosphorus cause algal blooms
respond to external stimuli and pioneered radio science. that deplete oxygen in water bodies.
2127. Non-Greenhouse Gas
→ Oxygen does not act as a greenhouse gas because it
CHEMISTRY
does not significantly absorb infrared radiation.
Chemical Properties
2130. Citric Acid
2093. Water (H₂O) → Citric acid is the naturally occurring weak organic acid
→ Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen chemically found in lemons and citrus fruits.
combined in a 2:1 atomic ratio.

Metals, Non-metals and Alloys

Common Name
2124. Brass
2099. Common Salt → Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc known for
→ Common salt is sodium chloride (NaCl), an essential corrosion resistance and durability.
electrolyte for living organisms.
2125. Mercury
2118. Silver (Ag) → Mercury is the only metal that remains liquid at
→ The symbol Ag comes from the Latin word Argentum, normal room temperature.
meaning silver.
2133. Nickel
→ Nickel is a ferrous-associated metal widely used in
stainless steel and corrosion-resistant alloys.
PHYSICS
Light and Optics
Organic Chemistry
2137. Least Scattered Colour (Red)
2129. Formic Acid
→ Red light undergoes the least scattering in the
→ Formic acid is present in ant stings and is responsible
atmosphere because it has the longest wavelength
for the burning sensation after a sting.
among visible colours.
2138. Image on Retina
Periodic Table → The eye lens forms a real, inverted, and diminished
image on the retina which is interpreted upright by the
2103. Noble Gas Group
brain.
→ Group 18 (formerly Group 0) elements are noble gases
with completely filled outer electron shells. 2141. Rear-View Mirror
→ Convex mirrors are used as rear-view mirrors because
2131. Argon
they provide a wide field of view and form erect images.
→ Argon is the most abundant noble gas in Earth's
atmosphere and is chemically inert. 2144. Dentist's Mirror
→ Dentists use concave mirrors because they produce a
magnified, upright image of nearby teeth.
Discoveries
2170. Stethoscope
2102. Prafulla Chandra Ray → A stethoscope works mainly on the principle of
→ Prafulla Chandra Ray is regarded as the Father of multiple reflection of sound waves inside the tube.
Modern Indian Chemistry and founded Bengal Chemicals.
2173. Incident and Reflected Rays Perpendicular
→ If the incident and reflected rays are at 90°, the angle
of incidence must be 45°.
2179. Grazing Incidence
→ At grazing incidence, the angle of incidence is 90°
because the light ray travels parallel to the reflecting
surface.
2187. Critical Angle
→ When light strikes at the critical angle, the angle of 2185. Fuse Wire
refraction becomes exactly 90°. → Fuse wire is made of tin and lead alloy because it has
a low melting point and melts quickly during overload.

Electric Current and Its Effects

2183. Ohm's Law Work and Energy
→ According to Ohm's law, voltage equals current × 2163. Wound Clock Spring
resistance (V = IR), so 2 A through 4 Ω produces 8 V. → Winding a clock stores energy in the spring as elastic
V=IR potential energy.
2180. Kinetic Energy and Velocity
→ Kinetic energy is proportional to the square of
velocity, so doubling velocity increases kinetic energy
four times.
KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^2
Sound 2182. Gamma Rays
→ Gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic waves
2164. Astronauts in Space
emitted from radioactive nuclei.
→ Sound cannot travel through vacuum because it
requires a material medium for propagation.
2186. Speed of Sound Discoveries
→ The speed of sound increases with increasing
2152. Stephen Hawking
temperature because molecules move faster.
→ Stephen Hawking authored A Brief History of Time,
explaining the origin and nature of the universe.
Wave
2156. Falling Objects in Vacuum Miscellaneous Physics
→ In vacuum all objects fall with the same acceleration
2159. Source of Solar Energy
because air resistance is absent.
→ The Sun releases energy through nuclear fusion,
where hydrogen nuclei combine to form helium.
Radioactivity 2162. Velocity and Force
→ Both velocity and force are vector quantities because
2169. Carbon Dating
they possess both magnitude and direction.
→ Carbon-14 dating is used to determine the age of
fossils and archaeological remains. 2174. Third-Class Lever
→ A third-class lever always has mechanical advantage
2172. Law of Radioactivity
less than one because effort lies between fulcrum and
→ Radioactive elements are named according to IUPAC
load.
rules based on atomic number and discovery
conventions. 2175. Energy Inside the Sun
→ The enormous energy of the Sun originates from
nuclear fusion occurring in its core.
 2146. Acid Rain
→ Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides form sulphuric
CHEMISTRY
and nitric acids in the atmosphere, causing acid rain.
Metals, Non-metals and Alloys
2139. Galvanization
Organic Chemistry
→ Iron is protected from rusting by coating it with zinc
through the process of galvanization. 2142. Artificial Orange Fragrance
→ Octyl acetate is commonly used to produce artificial
2158. Most Malleable Metal
orange fragrance in food and perfumes.
→ Gold is the most malleable metal and can be beaten
into extremely thin sheets. 2184. Bakelite
→ Bakelite is formed by the polymerization reaction
between phenol and formaldehyde.
Acid, Bases and Salts
2140. Bleaching Powder
Chemistry in Everyday Life
→ Bleaching powder is produced by the reaction of
chlorine with dry slaked lime. 2151. Ozone Layer Depletion
→ Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) destroy ozone molecules
2143. Sodium Hydroxide
and are the major cause of ozone layer depletion.
→ Sodium hydroxide is widely used in soap manufacture
through the process of saponification. 2161. LPG
→ LPG mainly consists of butane and propane, which are
2145. Oxalic Acid
easily liquefied under pressure.
→ Tomato is a natural source of oxalic acid, an organic
acid found in many plants. 2171. Burning of Candle
→ Candle burning involves both physical change (melting
wax) and chemical change (combustion).
2177. Coal Gas
→ Coal gas mainly contains hydrogen, carbon monoxide,
BIOLOGY
and methane and is used as a fuel.
Nutrition in Plants
2148. Water Absorption by Roots
Structure of Atom
→ Plant roots absorb water mainly through osmosis,
2165. Electrovalent and Covalent Compounds where water moves from higher to lower water
→ Calcium oxide is ionic (electrovalent) while water is a potential.
covalent compound.
2167. Loss of Electron
Skeleton System
→ An atom that loses electrons becomes a positively
charged cation. 2149. Tooth Enamel
→ Tooth enamel is primarily composed of calcium
2178. Element Without Isotopes
phosphate and is the hardest substance in the human
→ Sodium has only one naturally occurring stable
body.
isotope, Sodium-23.
2181. Hydrogen Nucleus
→ Ordinary hydrogen (protium) contains only one proton Animal Kingdom
and no neutron in its nucleus. 2160. Cold-Blooded Animals
→ Frogs and snakes are cold-blooded animals whose
body temperature varies with the environment.
Periodic Table
2153. Inert Atmospheric Gas
→ Argon is the most abundant chemically inert noble gas Deficiency and Diseases
present in Earth's atmosphere.
2154. Water-Soluble Vitamin Gold → Most Malleable Metal
→ Excess Vitamin C is excreted through urine because it
Mercury → Liquid Metal
is a water-soluble vitamin.
Carbon-14 → Fossil Dating
Gamma Rays → Electromagnetic Waves
Nutrition in Animals
O-negative → Universal Donor
2155. Calcium-Rich Cereal
→ Bajra (pearl millet) contains more calcium than most Insulin → Pancreas
commonly consumed cereals and supports bone health. Vitamin D Deficiency → Rickets
Vitamin B₁ Deficiency → Beriberi
Miscellaneous Biology Iodine Deficiency → Goitre
2150. Acquired Character Calcium Phosphate → Tooth Enamel
→ Body structure developed through lifestyle and
PHYSICS
environment is an acquired trait and is not inherited
genetically. Force and Pressure / Gravitation
2190. Weight Maximum at Pole
→ A person's weight is maximum at the poles because
Quick High-Yield Revision Facts
Earth's gravitational acceleration is highest there and
Red → Least Scattering centrifugal force is minimum.
Convex Mirror → Rear View Mirror
Concave Mirror → Dentist Heat and Thermodynamics
CFC → Ozone Depletion
Fusion → Sun's Energy
2191. Boiling Point of Liquid Hydrogen 2219. Exothermic Change
→ Hydrogen liquefies at about −253°C, making it one of → Adding water to quicklime (CaO) releases a large
the coldest known liquids. amount of heat and is an exothermic reaction.
2193. Ideal Gas Equation 2221. Celsius to Fahrenheit Change
→ The ideal gas equation (PV = nRT) is most accurate at → A rise of 50°C corresponds to a rise of 90°F because
low pressure and high temperature where gas molecules Fahrenheit changes by 9/5 of Celsius.
behave ideally.

Light and Optics

2195. Plane Mirror Image Distance
→ In a plane mirror, the image forms as far behind the
mirror as the object is in front of it.
2201. Rotation of Mirror
→ If a mirror rotates through an angle θ, the reflected
ray rotates through an angle 2θ.
2196. Heat from Sun to Earth
→ Heat from the Sun reaches Earth through radiation 2226. Same-Sized Image by Convex Lens
because space is nearly a vacuum. → A convex lens forms an image equal in size to the
object when the object is placed at 2F.
2198. Ice Feels Colder than Water at 0°C
→ Ice at 0°C feels colder than water at 0°C because it 2230. Maximum Deviation in Prism
absorbs latent heat while melting. → Violet light suffers the maximum deviation in a prism
because it has the shortest wavelength.
2208. Water Below Ice Layer
→ Water beneath a frozen lake remains at 4°C because
water has maximum density at 4°C. Sound
2206. Sound Wave Motion
→ Sound waves are longitudinal waves in which particles
Work and Energy
vibrate parallel to the direction of propagation.
2199. Equation of Motion
→ A body starting from rest with acceleration 25 m/s² for
Electric Current and Its Effects 2 seconds attains a velocity of 50 m/s.
2203. Nichrome Wire v=u+at
→ Nichrome is used in electric heaters because of its
2222. Water Stored in Dam
high electrical resistance and high melting point.
→ Water stored at a height possesses gravitational
2209. Unit of Potential Difference potential energy.
→ Volt is the SI unit of electric potential difference.
2225. Kinetic Energy and Momentum
2210. Fuse Wire → Doubling the velocity of a body increases its kinetic
→ Fuse wire is made of tin and lead alloy because it energy four times.
melts easily during excess current flow.
KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^2
2211. Resistance and Area
→ Resistance is inversely proportional to cross-sectional
area, so doubling area reduces resistance to one-fourth. Miscellaneous Physics

R\propto\frac{1}{A} 2200. Permanent Magnet

→ Steel is used to make permanent magnets because it
2224. Electrolyte
retains magnetism for a long time.
→ Salt solution conducts electricity because it contains
freely moving ions. 2217. Floating Ice Cube
→ Melting floating ice does not change the water level
2228. Electromagnet
because it displaces its own weight of water.
→ Soft iron is used to make electromagnets because it is
easily magnetized and demagnetized.
2218. Light Year 2207. Sulphuric Acid Test
→ One light-year is the distance travelled by light in one → Sulphuric acid gives a white precipitate with barium
year, approximately 9.46 × 10¹² km. chloride due to formation of barium sulphate.
2227. Jet and Rocket Motion 2214. Brown Ring Test
→ Jets and rockets operate according to Newton's Third → The brown ring test confirms the presence of nitrate
Law of Motion: every action has an equal and opposite ions or nitric acid.
reaction.

Chemistry in Everyday Life

CHEMISTRY
2197. Dry Ice
Acid, Bases and Salts → Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide and
changes directly into gas without melting.
2188. Hygroscopic Substance
→ Calcium chloride absorbs moisture from the 2202. Laughing Gas
atmosphere and is therefore used as a drying agent. → Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is called laughing gas because it
produces mild anaesthetic and euphoric effects.
2189. Preparation of Bleaching Powder
→ Bleaching powder is produced by passing chlorine gas 2232. Supporter of Combustion
over dry slaked lime [Ca(OH)₂]. → Oxygen itself does not burn but supports the
combustion of other substances.
2192. Nitrogen Dioxide and Water
→ Nitrogen dioxide dissolves in water to form a mixture
of nitrous acid (HNO₂) and nitric acid (HNO₃).
Structure of Atom
2205. Bleaching Powder Formula
2220. Isotopes
→ The chemical formula of bleaching powder is
→ Isotopes have the same atomic number but different
Ca(OCl)Cl.
mass numbers due to different neutron counts.
2229. Protium
→ Protium (ordinary hydrogen) is the only common atom
Chemical Properties / Industrial Chemistry
whose nucleus contains no neutron.
2234. Potassium Chlorate Decomposition
→ Manganese dioxide acts as a catalyst in the
Metals, Non-metals and Alloys decomposition of potassium chlorate to produce oxygen.
2204. Calcium in CaCO₃
→ Calcium constitutes 40% of the molecular mass of
BIOLOGY
calcium carbonate (CaCO₃).
Evolution
2215. Philosopher's Wool
→ Zinc oxide (ZnO) is historically known as Philosopher's 2236. Darwin's Theory
Wool due to its wool-like appearance. → Darwin explained evolution through natural selection,
where organisms with advantageous traits survive and
2216. Galvanization
reproduce.
→ Iron is galvanized by coating it with zinc to prevent
rusting.
2231. Variable Valency Element Excretory System
→ Iron shows variable valency, commonly exhibiting +2 2237. Urine
and +3 oxidation states. → Urine is a metabolic waste product that removes
2233. German Silver nitrogenous wastes and excess water from the body.
→ German silver is an alloy of copper, zinc, and nickel 2240. Structural Unit of Kidney
and contains no silver. → The nephron is the structural and functional unit of
2235. Aluminium Ore the kidney responsible for urine formation.
→ Aluminium is extracted commercially from bauxite, its
principal ore.
2243. Urea Synthesis 2244. Mitosis
→ Urea is synthesized in the liver through the urea cycle → Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite
and excreted by the kidneys. poles during anaphase of mitosis.
2245. Glomerulus Location
→ The glomerulus is present inside the nephron and
Deficiency and Diseases
performs blood filtration.
2242. Scurvy
→ Scurvy is caused by Vitamin C deficiency and leads to
Nervous System bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
2238. Reflex Action
→ Reflex actions are primarily controlled by the spinal
Quick Memory Triggers
cord for rapid protective responses.
CaCl₂ → Hygroscopic
Ca(OH)₂ + Cl₂ → Bleaching Powder
Nutrition in Plants
Pole → Maximum Weight
2239. Raw Material for Photosynthesis
→ Carbon dioxide is the primary raw material used by Dry Ice → Solid CO₂
plants to synthesize carbohydrates during N₂O → Laughing Gas
photosynthesis.
2F of Convex Lens → Same Size Image
Steel → Permanent Magnet
Cell: Basic Unit of Life
Soft Iron → Electromagnet
2241. DNA Replication
Newton's 3rd Law → Rocket
→ DNA replication occurs during the S-phase of the cell
cycle before cell division. Darwin → Natural Selection
Nephron → Kidney Unit 2266. Transpiration
→ Excess water is removed from plants through
Vitamin C Deficiency → Scurvy
transpiration.
Bauxite → Aluminium
2274. Robin Hill
German Silver → Cu + Zn + Ni → Robin Hill discovered the light reaction (Hill
Reaction) of photosynthesis.
Protium → No Neutron
2276. Nitrogen Fixation
Biology → Leguminous crops are cultivated because they increase
Nutrition in Animals soil nitrogen through nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

2246. Protein-rich food contains nitrogen 2294. Indole Acetic Acid (IAA)
→ Nitrogen is an essential component of proteins because → IAA is the principal plant growth hormone (Auxin).
amino acids contain nitrogen. 2295. Nitrate and Nitrite
2297. Amylase → Most plants absorb nitrogen mainly as nitrate (NO₃ ⁻)
→ Amylase is the first digestive enzyme that mixes with and nitrite (NO₂ ⁻ ).
food in the mouth and begins starch digestion. 2298. Oxygen Released in Photosynthesis
→ The oxygen released during photosynthesis comes
from the photolysis of water.
Nutrition in Plants
2239. Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
→ Plants use CO₂ as the raw material for photosynthesis. Cell: Basic Unit of Life

2253. Auxin 2241. S Phase

→ Auxin helps regulate stomatal activity under water → DNA replication occurs during the S (Synthesis) phase
stress conditions. of the cell cycle.
2258. Uracil 2249. Adrenal Gland
→ Uracil is found only in RNA and replaces thymine → The adrenal gland regulates many vital body functions
found in DNA. through hormone secretion.
2250. Insulin
→ Diabetes mellitus is caused by insufficient insulin
Reproduction in Plants
production.
2247. Swarnalata (Cuscuta)
2252. Spinal Nerves
→ Cuscuta is a parasitic plant that depends on host plants
→ Humans possess 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
for nutrition.
2268. Nervous System
2255. Mushroom
→ The nervous system coordinates the activities of
→ Mushroom is not autotrophic; it obtains food
different organs.
saprophytically.
2275. Adrenal Gland
2256. Jackfruit
→ Excess secretion of adrenal hormones can cause
→ Jackfruit is a multiple (composite) fruit.
virilism.
2264. Anisogamy
2279. Foramen of Monro
→ Fusion of two dissimilar gametes is called anisogamy.
→ It is associated with the brain's ventricular system.
2293. Nephron
Reproduction in Animals → Nephron is the structural and functional unit of the
2271. Hydra kidney.
→ Hydra reproduces both sexually and asexually. 2296. 31 Pairs of Spinal Nerves
→ Human spinal cord gives rise to 31 pairs of spinal
nerves.
Human Physiology

Sensory Organs
2280. Myopia 2269. Archaeopteryx
→ In myopia (short-sightedness), distant objects appear → Archaeopteryx is the fossil link between reptiles and
blurred while near objects are seen clearly. birds.
2280. Hugo de Vries
→ Hugo de Vries proposed the Mutation Theory.
Deficiency and Diseases
2242. Scurvy
→ Scurvy is caused by Vitamin C deficiency and leads to Microbiology
bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
2251. Nitrogenase
2260. Normal Human Body Temperature → Nitrogen fixation in bacteria is catalyzed by the
→ 98.4°F is approximately 36.89°C. enzyme nitrogenase.
2299. Dengue 2265. Virus
→ Dengue virus is transmitted by the Aedes mosquito. → Viruses can reproduce only inside living host cells.
2270. Edward Jenner
→ Traditionally associated with the early identification
Scientific Name
and study of viruses in many competitive exam
2263. Gregor Mendel references.
→ Mendel is known as the Father of Genetics.
2286. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
2277. Panthera tigris → Leeuwenhoek discovered bacteria and is regarded as
→ Scientific name of the Indian national animal (Tiger). the Father of Microbiology.

Evolution Animal Classification / Comparative Anatomy

2236. Natural Selection 2257. Bat Wing and Bird Wing
→ Darwin proposed the theory of Natural Selection. → They are examples of analogous organs.
2272. Human Chromosomes
→ Humans have 23 pairs (46 total) chromosomes.
States of Matter
2273. Hemocyanin
2287. Critical Temperature
→ Hemocyanin is a copper-containing respiratory
→ Below critical temperature, gases can be liquefied
protein.
because intermolecular attraction becomes effective.

Chemistry Physics
Organic Chemistry
Electricity
2248. Rectified Spirit
2283. Dynamo
→ Rectified spirit contains 95% ethanol and 5% water.
→ A dynamo converts mechanical energy into electrical
2262. Lactic Acid energy.
→ Lactic acid is produced during curd formation from
2288. Fuse
milk.
→ A fuse protects household circuits from short-
circuiting and overloading.
Biomolecules 2290. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)
→ PVC is commonly used as insulation around electric
2254. Polypeptide
wires.
→ A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids linked by
peptide bonds. 2291. Parallel Circuit
→ In a parallel circuit, potential difference remains the
same across all branches.
Chemical Industry / Everyday Chemistry
2292. Ethylene
Light and Optics
→ Ethylene gas is used for artificial ripening of fruits.
2285. Endoscope 2302. Robodoc
→ Endoscopes work on the principle of total internal
→ Robodoc is a medical robot used for hip and knee
reflection (TIR).
replacement surgeries.
2303. Holographic Imaging
Gravitation
→ Researchers at the Technical University of Munich
2284. Universal Law of Gravitation developed a system that can create 3D holographic
→ Isaac Newton first proposed the Universal Law of images using Wi-Fi signals.
Gravitation.
2304. Polaroid Instant Camera
→ The Polaroid Instant Camera was invented by Edwin
Nuclear Physics
Land in 1947.
2289. Solar Energy
2305. Li-Fi Technology
→ The Sun produces energy through nuclear fusion of
hydrogen nuclei into helium. → Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) is a wireless communication
technology that uses LED light instead of radio waves for
data transmission.
Physics
2310. Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)
2300. Hafnium Carbide (HfC)
→ ECG records the electrical activity and heartbeat
→ Hafnium Carbide is one of the most heat-resistant pattern of the heart.
materials known, with a melting point around 3900°C.
2313. Astigmatism Correction
2301. Standard Cosmological Model (SCM)
→ Cylindrical lenses are used to correct Astigmatism.
→ SCM stands for Standard Cosmological Model, the
accepted model describing the origin and evolution of 2314. Angiogram
the universe.
→ An Angiogram is a medical imaging test used to 2335. CGS Unit of Volume
examine blood vessels and blood flow.
→ Volume in CGS system is measured in cm³.
2320. Nature of Light
2336. Vector Quantity
→ Light is an electromagnetic wave.
→ Displacement is a vector quantity because it has both
2321. Celsius to Kelvin Conversion magnitude and direction.
→ Formula: 2337. Ammeter
T (K )=T (¿ ¿ C)+273.15 → An Ammeter measures electric current.
→ 300°C = 573.15 K 2338. Unit of Power
2322. Pressure Cooker Principle → SI unit of power = Watt (W).
→ In a pressure cooker, increased pressure raises the 2341. Greenhouse Gases
boiling point of water, allowing food to cook faster.
→ Major greenhouse gases: CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, HFCs, PFCs,
2323. Scalar Quantity SF₆.
→ Oxygen (O₂) is not a greenhouse gas.
→ Mass is a scalar quantity because it has magnitude
only and no direction. 2346. Electrical Energy Consumption
2324. Unit of Frequency → Energy consumed = Power × Time
→ Commercial unit of electricity = 1 kWh (Unit).
→ SI unit of frequency = Hertz (Hz).
2347. Mercury Thermometer
2325. Kilowatt-Hour (kWh)
→ Mercury is used because:
→ Kilowatt-hour is a unit of energy.
 Good conductor of heat.
2334. Unit of Wavelength
 Does not stick to glass.
→ SI unit of wavelength = meter (m).
  Expands uniformly with temperature. → Hemoglobin is an iron-containing compound
responsible for oxygen transport in blood.
 Has low specific heat.
2348. Internal Energy
Biology
→ Internal energy = Sum of kinetic energy + potential
energy of molecules. 2306. Mesentery
2349. Refractive Index → The Mesentery is considered the 79th organ of the
human body, connecting the intestines to the abdominal
→ Refractive index is a dimensionless quantity.
wall.
2350. Elastic Extension of Wire
2307. Muscles in Human Body
→ Extension is maximum for the wire having:
→ An adult human body contains approximately 630
 Greater length muscles.
 Smaller cross-sectional area 2308. Smallest Muscle
2351. Refractive Index Matching → The Stapedius muscle (middle ear) is the smallest
→ An object becomes invisible in a liquid when: muscle in the human body.

\mu_1=\mu_2 2309. Hair and Nails

→ Both have the same refractive index. → Both hair and nails are made of Keratin protein.
2311. Zika Virus

Chemistry → Zika virus is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.

2326. Hemoglobin 2312. AIDS

→ AIDS = Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) .
→ Caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus).
2315. Medical Diagnostic Tests 2329. Anopheles Mosquito
→ Colonoscopy, Doppler Test, and CT Scan are diagnostic → Vector of Malaria.
tests.
2330. AIDS Transmission
→ Magnet Test is not a medical diagnostic test.
→ AIDS can spread through infected blood transfusion.
2316. Universal Donor
2331. Lotus Leaf Stomata
→ Blood Group O = Universal Donor.
→ Blood Group AB = Universal Recipient. → In lotus leaves, stomata occur mainly on the upper
surface.
2317. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
2332. Insulin
→ Used for diagnosing Diabetes Mellitus.
→ Insulin is secreted by the Pancreas.
2318. Smart Contact Lens
2333. Night Blindness
→ Smart contact lenses capable of monitoring glucose
and other biomarkers were developed by Greg Herman → Caused by deficiency of Vitamin A.
and collaborators. 2339. Ascariasis
2319. First Human Heart Transplant → Caused by Ascaris (roundworm) infection through
→ First successful human heart transplant was contaminated food.
performed in 1967 by Christiaan Barnard. 2340. Mammary Gland
2327. Enzymes → Mammary glands are modified sweat glands.
→ Enzymes are biological catalysts that accelerate 2342. Endocrine Glands
biochemical reactions.
→ Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the
2328. Survival of the Fittest bloodstream.
→ Theory proposed by Charles Darwin. 2343. Amoeba Locomotion
→ Amoeba moves by Pseudopodia (false feet). 2358. Cranial Nerves
2344. Microfilaria Vector → Humans possess 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31
pairs of spinal nerves.
→ Culex mosquito transmits microfilaria (Filariasis).
PHYSICS
2345. Monocot vs Dicot Flower
Light and Optics
→ Monocot and dicot plants differ mainly in number of
cotyledons (seed leaves). 2285. Endoscope
→ Endoscopes work on the principle of Total Internal
2352. Partial Root Parasite
Reflection (TIR).
→ Sandalwood plant is a partial root parasite.
2378, 2420. Lens focal length in blue light
2353. Salivary Enzyme → Blue light has shorter wavelength and higher
→ Saliva contains Ptyalin (Salivary Amylase). refractive index than red light, so focal length decreases.

2354. Mimosa pudica Movement 2394. Refractive index of glass with respect to water
→ Relative refractive index = (4/3) ÷ (3/2) = 8/9.
→ Touch-me-not (Mimosa pudica) shows Seismonastic
movement. 2408. Lens invisible in a medium
→ Refractive index of lens = refractive index of
2355. Myxedema
surrounding medium.
→ Caused by hyposecretion of thyroxine in adults.
2448. Total Internal Reflection
2356. Seedless Fruit Production → Occurs when light travels from denser to rarer
medium.
→ Auxin is used for producing seedless fruits
(Parthenocarpy).
2357. Discovery of Malaria Parasite Heat and Thermodynamics

→ Malaria parasite was discovered by Ronald Ross.

2363. Gas in accelerating vessel 2396. Unit of specific gravity / water equivalent related
→ Pressure remains maximum due to compression concepts
effects. → Important fluid measurement concepts.
2375. Ice + Water mixture
→ 10 g ice at 0°C + 10 g water at 10°C → Final
Electric Current and Its Effects
temperature = 0°C.
2365. Fleming's Left-Hand Rule
2388. Removing 40 cal from 1 g water at 0°C
→ Determines direction of force on current-carrying
→ Temperature remains 0°C.
conductor.
2390. Resistance of most metals
2380. Current in 100W, 220V bulb
→ Resistance increases with temperature.
→ I = P/V = 100/220 = 5/11 A.
2416. Relative humidity
2391. Joule's Law of Heating
→ Increases in temperature decrease relative humidity.
→ H = I²Rt.
2417. Surface tension
2392. Advantage of AC
→ Surface tension decreases with temperature.
→ Convenient for long-distance transmission.
2438. Fastest cooling vessel
2406. Soft iron in electromagnets
→ Black, smooth surface radiates heat most effectively.
→ High magnetic susceptibility.
2447. Celsius = Fahrenheit
2418. P-type semiconductor
→ Equal at −40°C.
→ Majority carriers are holes.
2435. Resonance in LCR circuit
Fluid Mechanics → Circuit behaves as pure resistor.
2363. Gas pressure in accelerating vessel 2437. Fuse wire
→ Pressure distribution changes due to acceleration. → High resistance, low melting point.
2443. No current flows when 2446. Temperature affects
→ Potential difference is zero. → Wavelength of sound.

Force and Pressure Gravitation

2362. Distance ∝ Time² 2374. Rocket Earth-Moon-Earth journey
→ Acceleration is constant. → Maximum energy required to leave Earth.
2393. Impulse-Momentum 2421. Pendulum on Moon
→ Change in momentum = Force × Time. → Time period increases by √6 times.
2404. Mass from weight 2432. Seconds pendulum on Moon
→ 9.8 N corresponds to 1 kg. → Runs slower.
2422. Newton's Second Law
→ 1 N on 0.5 kg gives acceleration = 2 m/s².
Work and Energy
2444. Newton's Second Law gives
2366. Energy Conservation
→ Measure of force.
→ Total mechanical energy remains constant.
2376. Circular motion
Sound → Kinetic energy becomes zero twice in each oscillation
(SHM concept).
2360. Doppler Effect
→ Apparent frequency increases when source 2405. Equal kinetic energy
approaches observer. → Momentum ratio = √m₁ : √m₂.
2419. Speed of sound 2436. Same dimensional formula
→ Greater in water than air. → Torque and Work.
 Miscellaneous Physics
Wave 2359. Geostationary satellite
→ Revolves west to east; height ≈ 35,786 km.
2433. X-rays
→ Electromagnetic waves. 2364. Charged rod attracts then repels body
→ Body initially negatively charged.
2434. Gamma rays
→ Emission does not change nuclear charge. 2377. Paramagnetic substance
→ F₂.
2379, 2423. Vector quantity
Radioactivity
→ Electric field intensity.
2361. Greenhouse gas
2424. Ozone layer
→ Methane.
→ Absorbs UV radiation.
2395. Nuclear reactor fuel
→ Uranium-235.
BIOLOGY
2409. Hydrogen bomb
→ Based on nuclear fusion. Scientific Name
2454. Father of Taxonomy
→ Carolus Linnaeus.
Units and Measurements
2396. Unit of water equivalent
→ Gram. Nutrition in Animals
2445. Avogadro Number 2385. Balanced diet ratio
→ Number of molecules in 22.4 L gas at STP. → Carbohydrate : Protein : Fat = 4 : 1 : 1.
2398. Cellulose digestion in rabbit 2367. Tall × Dwarf pea plant
→ Caecum. → Phenotypic ratio = 2 : 2.

Nutrition in Plants Cell: Basic Unit of Life

2373. Food transport in plants 2368. Cell wall present in
→ Phloem transports prepared food. → Plants and bacteria.
2400. Photosystem in bacteria 2381. Heterokaryon
→ Only Photosystem-I. → Cell containing two or more nuclei.
2387. Neuron cell stage
→ G₀ phase.
Deficiency and Diseases
2427. Athlete's Foot
→ Caused by fungus. Sensory Organs
2401. Sweet taste receptors
→ Tip of tongue.
Reproduction in Animals
2402. Iris location
2449. Meiosis during gamete formation
→ In front of retina.
→ Occurs during maturation phase.
2425. Eye donation
2415. Male donkey
→ Cornea is transplanted.
→ Jack.

Circulatory System
Reproduction in Plants
2384. Natural pacemaker
→ SA Node.
Nervous System
2397. Blood circulation discovered by
2387. Nerve cells remain in
→ William Harvey.
→ G₀ phase.

Excretory System
Skeleton System
(No direct question in the given set.)
(No direct question in the given set.)

Endocrine / Exocrine System

Plant Kingdom
2403. Vitamin K
2370. Pneumatophores
→ Helps synthesize prothrombin and clotting factors.
→ Found in mangrove plants.
2413. Cinchona
Respiratory System → Source of quinine.
2371. Open circulatory system
→ Cockroach.
Animal Kingdom
2412. Respiratory organ of whale
2414. Eel fish
→ Lungs.
→ Lays eggs in sea.
2428. Four-chambered heart among reptiles
Digestive System → Crocodile.
2398. Cellulose digestion in rabbit 2430. Non-venomous snake
→ Caecum. → Python (Moyal).
 2399. Essential for animals but not plants
→ Iodine.
Microorganism
2440. Most intelligent mammal (exam-oriented)
2427. Athlete's foot
→ Gorilla.
→ Fungal disease.
2450. Origin of life
→ Formation of amino acids considered most important
Enzymes and Hormones event.
2403. Vitamin K and clotting factors 2451. Sex-linked disease
→ Important in blood coagulation. → Colour blindness.
2452. Grana + Stroma form
Discoveries and Vaccines → Chloroplast.

2372. Inheritance of acquired characters 2453. Food stored in cereal grain

→ Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. → Endosperm.
2455. Regeneration seen in
→ Hydra.
Scientific Study
2454. Taxonomy
→ Introduced by Carolus Linnaeus. CHEMISTRY
Structure of Atom

Miscellaneous Biology 2383. Not a pyrimidine base

→ Guanine (Purine).
2369. Detritus food chain
→ Larvae and nematodes act as detritivores.
Metals, Non-metals and Alloys Periodic Table
2390. Resistance of metals 2377. Paramagnetic substance
→ Increases with temperature. → F₂.
2406. Soft iron
→ Used in electromagnets.
Ideal Gas Law
2389. 22.4 L at STP
Acid, Bases and Salt → 17 g NH₃ occupies 22.4 L.
2429. Malic acid 2445. Avogadro Number
→ Present in apple. → Molecules in 22.4 L gas at STP.
2439. Citric acid
→ Present in citrus fruits.
Chemical Properties
2363. PV = Constant
Metallurgy → Boyle's Law.
(No direct question in the given set.)
Solutions
Organic Chemistry (No direct question in the given set.)
2361. Methane
→ Greenhouse gas.
Chemistry in Everyday Life
2429. Organic acids and sources
2413. Quinine
→ Malic, Citric, Acetic, Lactic, Formic acids.
→ Obtained from Cinchona bark.
2429. Malic acid 2442. Heat required to convert 1 g ice at 0°C to steam at
→ Apple. 100°C
→ 716 calories.
2439. Citric acid
→ Lemon and citrus fruits. 2361. Greenhouse gases
→ Methane and Carbon dioxide.
Miscellaneous Science & General Knowledge (One-Liner
Discoveries
Notes)
2409. Hydrogen Bomb
2456. Transistor Manufacturing – Transistors should be
→ Based on nuclear fusion.
thin and highly doped to improve amplification and
switching efficiency.
Common Name 2457. Light-Year – A light-year is a unit of distance,
2413. Quinine → Cinchona bark equal to about 9.46 × 10¹² km.
2429. Malic acid → Apple 2458. Heat from a Stove – Heat is received from a stove
2439. Citric acid → Lemon by both convection and radiation.
2459. Heat Engine Efficiency – The efficiency of a
Miscellaneous Chemistry reversible heat engine increases when the temperature
difference between source and sink increases .
2441. Universal solvent
→ Water. 2460. Oxygen Density – At constant temperature, gas
density is directly proportional to pressure.
2431. MRI
→ Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 2461. Wave Theory of Light – The photoelectric effect
cannot be explained by the wave theory of light.
2462. Diamond as a Gemstone – Diamond is valued
mainly because of its high refractive index.
2463. Speed of Sound in Gases – At STP, the speed of 2473. Magnesium Burning – Burning magnesium is a
sound is highest in hydrogen. combination, oxidation, and exothermic reaction .
2464. Elastic Collision – In a perfectly elastic collision 2474. Water-Soluble Compounds – Glucose, urea, and
between identical bodies, their velocities are exchanged. acetone are all soluble in water.
2465. HYV Crop – HYV (High Yielding Variety) seeds are 2475. Maximum Equivalent Resistance – Maximum
widely associated with rice. resistance is obtained when resistors are connected in
series.
2466. Bird Flying Backward – The hummingbird is the
only bird capable of flying backward. 2476. Splitting a Water Drop – The total volume remains
constant when a water drop divides.
2467. Flightless Bird – Kiwi is a flightless bird native to
New Zealand. 2477. Lead Nitrate + KI – Produces a yellow precipitate
of lead iodide (PbI₂).
2468. Fastest Land Animal – The cheetah is the fastest
land animal. 2478. Cause of Myopia – Myopia occurs due to
elongation of the eyeball.
2469. Formation of Urine – Urine is produced in the
kidneys. 2479. Breaking Seed Dormancy – Gibberellin helps break
seed dormancy.
2470. Smallest & Largest Endocrine Glands – The
smallest gland is the pineal gland and the largest is the 2480. Vegetative Reproduction – Vegetative propagation
thyroid gland. occurs only in plants.
2471. Coalescence of Liquid Drops – When liquid drops 2481. Floating Body Stability – For stable equilibrium,
merge, energy is released due to reduced surface area. the center of buoyancy lies above the center of gravity .
2472. Thermit Welding – Aluminium powder is used in 2482. Trivalent Positive Ion – An element with atomic
the thermit process for welding railway tracks. number 13 forms a +3 ion containing 10 electrons.
2483. Baking Powder Composition – Baking powder 2494. Bronze Alloy – Bronze is an alloy of copper and
contains sodium bicarbonate and tartaric acid. tin.
2484. Heating a Hollow Metal Sphere – Both the sphere 2495. Living Fossil – Peripatus is known as a living fossil.
and cavity expand on heating.
2496. Dating Ancient Objects – Carbon-14 is used for
2485. Adrenal Gland – The suprarenal (adrenal) gland is radiocarbon dating.
an endocrine gland, unlike the hormones listed.
2497. Major Component of LPG – Butane is the major
2486. Cubical Expansion of Water – The coefficient of constituent of LPG.
cubical expansion is 3 × 10⁻⁴ °C⁻¹.
2498. Radioisotope in Pacemakers – Plutonium has been
2487. Autosomal Disease – Thalassemia is an autosomal used in cardiac pacemakers.
genetic disorder.
2499. Chromosomes in Human Ovum – A human ovum
2488. Term ‘Biodiversity’ – The term biodiversity was contains 23 chromosomes.
introduced by W. G. Rosen.
2500. Isoelectronic with O²⁻ – F⁻ ion has the same
2489. Expansion of a Heated Sphere – Volume increases number of electrons as O²⁻.
the most percentage-wise on heating.
2501. Blood Clotting Vitamin – Vitamin K helps in blood
2490. Molecules in CO₂ – 44 g of CO₂ contains twice the clotting.
number of molecules as 9 g of water.
2502. Centripetal Acceleration – In uniform circular
2491. DNA Replication Phase – DNA doubles during the motion, acceleration = v²/r.
S-phase of interphase.
2503. First Transgenic Crop – Tobacco was the first
2492. Diagonal Relationship – Magnesium is diagonally transgenic crop developed.
related to beryllium.
2504. Ornithology – Ornithology is the study of birds.
2493. Carnot Engine Efficiency – A Carnot engine
2505. Most Energetic Radiation – Gamma rays possess
operating between 227°C and 27°C has 40% efficiency.
the highest energy.
2506. Curie Unit – Curie (Ci) is a unit of radioactivity.  2578. Rusting of iron → Oxidation (জারণ)
2507. Step-Down Transformer – A step-down  2579. Plaster of Paris prepared by heating →
transformer increases current while decreasing voltage. Gypsum
2508. Refrigerant Gas – Refrigerators traditionally used  2580. PVC stands for → Poly Vinyl Chloride
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
 2581. Chemical name of vinegar → Dilute Acetic
2509. Powerhouse of the Cell – Mitochondria are the Acid
powerhouse of the cell.
 2582. Adding salt to pure water → Boiling point
2510. Metal in Hemoglobin – Hemoglobin contains iron increases
(Fe).
 2595. Geometry of SF₄ → See-Saw
2511. Cold-Blooded Animal – Frog is a cold-blooded
 2596. Radiation shielding material → Lead
animal.
 2597. Most electropositive element → Cesium (Cs)
2512. Phytophthora palmivora – It is a fungal weedicide.
 2598. CH₃C≡CH → CH₃CH=CH₂ → Lindlar catalyst
2513. Seahorse – A seahorse is a fish.
 2599. RBr → RMgBr reagent → Mg/Dry Ether
2514. Maximum Refraction in Eye – The lens provides
the highest refractive power.  2600. Fastest SN2 reaction → MeO–CH₂–Cl

2515. Aquatic Fern – Salvinia is an aquatic fern.  2611. Metal present in chlorophyll → Magnesium

2516. Freezing Point of Water – Pure water freezes at  2612. Vegetable oil → Vanaspati → Hydrogen gas
32°F (0°C).  2619. Spontaneous reaction condition → ΔG < 0
2517. Fermentation Enzyme – Zymase is responsible for  2637. Isoelectronic with Mg²⁺ → Ca²⁺
fermentation.
 2638. Hybridization of C₂ & C₃ in CH₃–CH=C=CH–
CHEMISTRY CH₃ → sp², sp
 2639. P.C. Ray's compound → HgNO₂  2694. High density of gold due to → High atomic
mass
 2640. NaOH needed for 0.5 M, 100 ml solution → 2
g  2695. Grounding a positively charged conductor →
Electrons flow from Earth to conductor
 2641. Acid not stored in glass → HF
 2696. Fluorine electronegativity → 5.20
 2650. Most abundant noble gas in atmosphere →
Argon  2697. Thermoplastic polymer → PVC
 2651. Electrons in H⁺ → 0  2706. Pollutant inhibiting Hill reaction → UV rays
 2652. Half-life 2 h, remaining after 6 h → 1/8  2707. Vulcanization uses → Sulphur
 2653. Most malleable metal → Gold  2708. Brass = Copper + Zinc
 2654. Washing soda → Sodium Carbonate
 2655. Normal saline concentration → 1% NaCl BIOLOGY
 2672. Harmful element in drinking water → Arsenic  2584. Vitamin D deficiency → Rickets
 2673. P.C. Ray's compound → HgNO₂  2585. Lifespan of RBC → 120 days
 2674. Muriatic acid → Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)  2586. Number of milk teeth → 20
 2675. Phenyl derived from → Benzene  2587. Muscle fatigue due to → Lactic Acid
 2676. Aspirin → Acetyl Salicylic Acid  2588. Oxygen in 100 ml blood → 20 ml
 2692. Dibasic acid required for 0.1N solution (100  2589. Main respiratory organ of whale → Lungs
ml) → 20 g
 2601. Modified underground stem → Potato
 2693. Expression of gaseous molecular speed →
 2602. Crossing over occurs in → Pachytene
Option A
 2603. Oxygen directly used in → Electron Transport  2626. Voluntary muscle → Striated voluntary
Chain muscle
 2604. Penicillin obtained from → Fungi  2627. Grub is larva of → Beetle
 2605. Primitive stele type → Protostele  2628. Xerophytic vegetation → Kachchh region
 2606. Bacteriophage → Virus  2629. Spindle fibre made of → Tubulin
 2607. Newly discovered animal phylum →  2642. Natural auxin → IAA
Loricifera
 2643. Cerebral malaria caused by → Plasmodium
 2608. Egg-laying mammal → Echidna falciparum
 2609. Barr body absent in → Normal male mammal  2644. DNA synthesis occurs in → Interphase
 2610. Nekton → Actively swimming aquatic  2645. Pyrimidine bases of DNA → Thymine &
organisms Cytosine
 2613. Red × White = Pink flower → Incomplete  2646. All tall F₁ offspring → Dominance
Dominance
 2647. Dihybrid phenotypic ratio → 9:3:3:1
 2614. Short-day plant flowers when day length →
 2648. Natural Selection theory → Charles Darwin
<14 hours
 2649. Tussar silk obtained from → Antheraea
 2622. Anaerobic fungus → Sphaerita/Ciliatrium
mylitta
(Option C)
 2656. Longest cell in body → Neuron
 2623. Gynobasic style found in → Labiatae
 2657. Fungal disease → Dermatitis
 2624. Globule & nucule seen in → Chara
 2658. AIDS caused by → Virus (HIV)
 2625. Carcinoma originates from → Epithelial
tissue
 2659. Chromosomes become V/J/L/I shaped in →  2712. Photosynthesis least in → Green light
Anaphase
 2713. Important carbohydrate of plant cell →
 2660. Clove obtained from → Flower bud Cellulose
 2661. False fruit → Apple
 2662. Rhizome is stem because → Has nodes, PHYSICS
internodes and buds
 2590. Stone released from circular motion →
 2677. Cervical vertebrae in mammals → 7 Moves tangentially
 2678. Source of amylase → Pancreas  2591. Floating object taken to Moon → Floats as
before
 2679. Coconut oil obtained from → Endosperm
 2592. Salt added to water → Boiling point
 2698. Not found in marine water → Birds
increases
 2699. Function of xylem → Transport of water &
 2593. Red + Green + Blue → White
minerals
 2594. Speed of sound highest in → Solids
 2700. ADH deficiency causes → Diabetes Insipidus
 2615. Fraction of ice submerged in water → 9/10 of
 2701. Adult filarial worm lives in → Lymph vessels
volume
 2702. Viral disease → Encephalitis
 2616. Brush hairs stick together due to → Surface
 2703. Pneumatophores found in → Mangroves tension
 2704. Human blood is → Alkaline  2617. Unequal non-collinear opposite forces →
 2709. Natural amino acids → 20 Both translation & rotation

 2710. Gastric glands secrete → Pepsin  2618. 1 nm = 10 Å

 2711. Watson & Crick → DNA structure

 2620. Household appliances connected in →  2669. Domestic electric wiring → Parallel
Parallel arrangement
 2621. RADAR → Radio Detection And Ranging  2670. Most dangerous radiation → Gamma rays
 2630. Heat from Sun reaches Earth by → Radiation  2671. Radar used for → Locating aircraft/objects
 2631. X-rays → Short wavelength EM waves  2680. Maximum momentum for same KE → Alpha
particle
 2632. Plane mirror image → Virtual and erect
 2681. Magnetic shielding uses → Soft iron
 2633. Capillary rise due to → Surface tension
 2682. Dyne-second unit of → Momentum
 2634. Semiconductor resistance with temperature
→ Decreases  2683. Ice with air bubble melts → Water level
decreases
 2635. Astronomy studies → Celestial
objects/Universe  2684. Boiling point decreases when → External
pressure decreases
 2636. Non-conservative force → Friction
 2685. AMRI fire deaths mainly due to → Carbon
 2663. LCD → Liquid Crystal Display
monoxide
 2664. Odd one out → Acre
 2686. Absolute zero → Molecular motion ceases
 2665. Light year is unit of → Distance
 2687. Best absorber of heat → Black rough surface
 2666. Heat needed to raise temperature → Heat
 2688. Not a unit of length → Radian
Capacity
 2689. Uniform motion lacks → Acceleration
 2667. Compound microscope has → Two lenses
 2690. Glass invisible in glycerine because → Similar
 2668. Sound wave in air → Longitudinal
refractive index
 2691. Telecommunication uses → Microwaves
  2714. Scalar quantity → Speed 2727. HIV/AIDS virus is an RNA virus (Retrovirus).
 2715. Hole in heated metal plate → Diameter 2728. Enzymes accelerate reactions by lowering
increases activation energy.
 2716. Correct conclusion → Humans cannot live on 2729. Sunken stomata are characteristic of xerophytes.
Moon
2730. Light reaction of photosynthesis occurs in the
 2717. Unit of gravitational constant → cm³ g⁻¹ s⁻² grana of chloroplasts.
 2718. V and T doubled in ideal gas → Pressure 2731. Glucose is used for silvering mirrors.
unchanged
2732. Cardiac muscles do not fatigue due to the
 2719. Minimum object-image distance in convex presence of numerous mitochondria.
lens → 4f
2733. Haversian system is a structural unit of bone.
 2720. Nuclear reactor reaction → Fission (Answer key appears incorrect.)
 2721. V and T doubled in ideal gas → Pressure 2734. A tube well does not work if groundwater is
unchanged deeper than 38 feet.
2722. Plutonium-239 is the most suitable nuclear fuel. 2735. For equal force acting for equal time, object A
(mass = m) gains greater velocity.
2723. Burning of a candle is not a physical change (it is a
chemical change). 2736. An electric motor converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy.
2724. Total mass of the alloy = 300 g.
2737. A cotton cloth gets wet due to capillary action.
2725. Minamata disease in Japan was caused by Mercury
poisoning. 2738. For equal force acting for equal time, object B
(mass = 5m) has greater momentum. (Both receive equal
2726. DNA sequencing technique was discovered by
impulse.)
Frederick Sanger.
2739. Correct statements: Newton’s second law defines 2754. The genetic constitution of a normal male is XY.
force and a television picture tube is a cathode ray tube
2755. Alzheimer’s disease is not generally considered a
(CRT).
hereditary disease.
2740. Minimum 3 artificial satellites are needed for
2756. Pitcher plant is an insectivorous plant.
worldwide communication.
2757. Barbiturates are not stimulants.
2741. Heat radiation is maximum from a rough black
surface. (Answer key appears incorrect.) 2758. Pollination in apetalous flowers is mainly by wind.

2742. Both ends of a telescope contain convex lenses. 2759. Ribosomes play a vital role in protein synthesis.

2743. Dentists use a concave mirror. 2760. Malignant malaria is caused by Plasmodium
falciparum.
2744. Iodine is given to patients suffering from goitre.
2761. The intermediate host of Leishmania donovani is
2745. Vitamin C is Ascorbic Acid.
the sand fly.
2746. The excretory organ of prawn is the green gland.
2762. Uracil is absent in DNA.
2747. Cow possesses a ruminant stomach.
2763. Cancer results from activation of oncogenes.
2748. The edible part of coconut is the endosperm.
2764. Ant is a polymorphic species.
2749. Quinine is obtained from the bark of the Cinchona
2765. Ethylene is the phytohormone responsible for
tree.
senescence.
2750. Ant is a polymorphic animal.
2766. A virion is the infective viral particle.
2751. Ethylene is responsible for senescence in plants.
2767. Kala-azar spreads through the bite of the sand fly.
2752. A virion is the infective particle of a virus.
2768. A normal male has XY chromosomes.
2753. Vitamin K helps in blood clotting.
2769. Alzheimer’s disease is not a hereditary disease.
2770. Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) causes plant 2785. Antibodies are produced by plasma cells and
disease. lymphocytes.
2771. Petal is a part of the corolla. 2786. The primary function of norepinephrine is to
increase blood pressure. (Answer key appears incorrect.)
2772. Kwashiorkor is caused by protein deficiency.
2787. Cholesterol is a steroid.
2773. Digested food is absorbed mainly in the small
intestine. 2788. Cactus opens its stomata at night and closes them
during the day.
2774. Hydra is not a protozoan.
2789. Plants store glucose as starch.
2775. Urea is produced in the liver.
2790. Personality develops most rapidly during
2776. Phagocytosis is not a function of the kidney.
adolescence.
2777. Yellow fever is a viral disease.
2791. Cockroach has the fewest body segments among
2778. Among the options, Protozoa are the most the given options.
complex in cellular organization.
2792. Scurvy is caused by deficiency of Vitamin C.
2779. According to Darwin, the unit of natural selection
2793. AIDS is a viral disease.
is the species.
2794. Universal donor blood group is O.
2780. Xylem is made up mainly of dead cells.
2795. The hardest substance in the human body is tooth
2781. The first hormone produced by genetic
enamel.
engineering was Insulin.
2796. Genetic information is carried by nucleic acids.
2782. Scientific name of Vitamin C is Ascorbic Acid.
2797. Minamata disease is caused by mercury poisoning.
2783. There are 9 essential amino acids in humans.
2798. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium.
2784. Lysozyme destroys bacteria.
2799. Pitcher plant is an insectivorous plant.
2800. Plant cells shrink in a hypertonic solution.
2801. Vitamin C is most easily destroyed by heat and air.
2802. Urea is produced in the liver.
2803. During photosynthesis, light energy is converted
into chemical energy and stored in glucose .
2804. Salivary gland is not an endocrine gland.
2805. Diphtheria is a bacterial infectious disease.
(Answer key appears incorrect.)
2806. Nitrogen fixation converts atmospheric nitrogen
into usable nitrogen compounds.
2807. The first simple microscope was invented by
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
2808. Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan.
2809. Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency causes pernicious anaemia.
2810. Lysine is an essential amino acid that must be
obtained from food.