WORKSHEET
Class XII – CHEMISTRY
Chapter: Solutions
Competency-Based Questions (CBSE Pattern)
Name: _________________________
Class & Sec: __________________
Roll No.: _____________________
Date: _________________________
Section A – MCQs
Choose the correct option.
1. Which solution will have the highest osmotic pressure at same concentration?
a) Glucose
b) Urea
c) NaCl
d) Sucrose
2. Colligative properties depend upon:
a) Nature of solute
b) Nature of solvent
c) Number of solute particles
d) Colour of solution
3. Vapour pressure of a solution containing non-volatile solute is:
a) Higher than pure solvent
b) Equal to pure solvent
c) Lower than pure solvent
d) Zero
4. Molality is defined as:
a) Moles of solute per litre of solution
b) Moles of solute per kg of solvent
c) Grams of solute per litre
d) Gram equivalent per litre
5. Which of the following is not a colligative property?
a) Osmotic pressure
b) Elevation in boiling point
c) Depression in freezing point
d) Surface tension
6. The unit of molality is:
a) mol L⁻¹
b) mol kg⁻¹
c) g L⁻¹
d) atm
7. Addition of non-volatile solute causes:
a) Increase in freezing point
b) Decrease in boiling point
c) Elevation in boiling point
d) Increase in vapour pressure
8. Which solution will show maximum depression in freezing point?
a) 0.1 M glucose
b) 0.1 M NaCl
c) 0.1 M urea
d) 0.1 M sucrose
9. Reverse osmosis is used in:
a) Food preservation
b) Water purification
c) Refrigeration
d) Electrolysis
10. The concentration term independent of temperature is:
a) Molarity
b) Normality
c) Molality
d) Formality
11. Hypertonic solution has:
a) Lower osmotic pressure
b) Equal osmotic pressure
c) Higher osmotic pressure
d) Zero osmotic pressure
12. The boiling point of solution is:
a) Lower than solvent
b) Higher than solvent
c) Equal to solvent
d) Unpredictable
13. Raoult’s law is applicable to:
a) Ideal solutions
b) Non-ideal solutions
c) Electrolytes only
d) Solids only
14. Which of the following is an ideal solution?
a) Acetone + chloroform
b) Benzene + toluene
c) Ethanol + water
d) HCl + water
15. The freezing point of seawater is:
a) Higher than pure water
b) Equal to pure water
c) Lower than pure water
d) 100°C
16. Isotonic solutions have:
a) Same osmotic pressure
b) Different osmotic pressure
c) Zero vapour pressure
d) Same boiling point only
17. The van’t Hoff factor is represented by:
a) m
b) i
c) x
d) π
18. Which concentration term is expressed in percentage?
a) Mole fraction
b) Mass percentage
c) Molality
d) Molarity
19. Relative lowering of vapour pressure depends upon:
a) Mole fraction of solute
b) Volume of solvent
c) Nature of solvent
d) Density of solvent
20. Which property is used for desalination of seawater?
a) Diffusion
b) Osmosis
c) Reverse osmosis
d) Sublimation
Section B – Assertion and Reason
Directions:
Choose the correct option:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
1.
Assertion: Addition of solute lowers vapour pressure.
Reason: Solute particles occupy surface sites.
2.
Assertion: Molality does not change with temperature.
Reason: Mass remains constant with temperature.
3.
Assertion: NaCl solution shows greater boiling point elevation than glucose solution.
Reason: NaCl dissociates into ions.
4.
Assertion: Osmotic pressure is a colligative property.
Reason: It depends on number of solute particles.
5.
Assertion: Ideal solutions obey Raoult’s law.
Reason: Intermolecular forces remain unchanged.
6.
Assertion: Vapour pressure of pure solvent is higher than solution.
Reason: Solute decreases escaping tendency of solvent molecules.
7.
Assertion: Seawater freezes below 0°C.
Reason: Dissolved salts cause depression in freezing point.
8.
Assertion: Reverse osmosis purifies water.
Reason: Pressure greater than osmotic pressure is applied.
9.
Assertion: Hypertonic solution causes shrinkage of cells.
Reason: Water moves out of the cell.
10.
Assertion: Molarity changes with temperature.
Reason: Volume changes with temperature.
11.
Assertion: Glucose is a non-electrolyte.
Reason: It does not ionise in solution.
12.
Assertion: Elevation in boiling point is proportional to molality.
Reason: More particles reduce vapour pressure further.
13.
Assertion: Ice cream freezes faster in salt-ice mixture.
Reason: Salt lowers freezing point of water.
14.
Assertion: Benzene and toluene form ideal solution.
Reason: Their intermolecular forces are nearly similar.
15.
Assertion: Osmosis occurs through semipermeable membrane.
Reason: Solvent molecules pass through membrane.
16.
Assertion: Relative lowering of vapour pressure is independent of nature of solute.
Reason: It depends only on number of particles.
17.
Assertion: Intravenous injections contain saline solution.
Reason: Saline is isotonic with blood.
18.
Assertion: Colligative properties help determine molar mass.
Reason: They depend on number of solute particles.
19.
Assertion: Urea solution conducts electricity poorly.
Reason: Urea does not dissociate into ions.
20.
Assertion: Pure water has higher freezing point than salt solution.
Reason: Solute particles hinder crystallisation.
Section C – Case-Based Questions
Case Study 1
A student prepared 0.1 M solutions of glucose, NaCl and CaCl₂ separately and measured their
colligative properties
Answer the following:
1)
Which solution will show maximum osmotic pressure?
Give reason.
2)
Which solution will have highest boiling point?
3)
Name the factor responsible for this behaviour.
Case Study 2
During winters, salt is spread on icy roads in cold countries. A student observed that ice melts
faster after adding salt.
Answer the following:
1)Which property is involved here?
What happens to freezing point on adding salt?
2)
Why does ice melt faster?
State one more application of this phenomenon.
Case Study 3
A patient in hospital is given intravenous saline instead of pure water.
Answer the following:
1)Why is saline preferred over pure water?
2)What type of solution is saline with respect to blood?
Which property is involved?
3) What may happen if pure water is injected into blood?