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Mensuration Formulas Guide

The Mensuration Formulas Handbook provides a comprehensive reference for calculating properties of 2D and 3D geometric shapes. It includes formulas for perimeter, area, surface area, and volume for various shapes such as squares, rectangles, circles, cubes, and spheres. Each formula is clearly defined with the necessary variables and dimensions.

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6 views4 pages

Mensuration Formulas Guide

The Mensuration Formulas Handbook provides a comprehensive reference for calculating properties of 2D and 3D geometric shapes. It includes formulas for perimeter, area, surface area, and volume for various shapes such as squares, rectangles, circles, cubes, and spheres. Each formula is clearly defined with the necessary variables and dimensions.

Uploaded by

spujhari974
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Mensuration Formulas Handbook

A Complete Reference Guide for 2D and 3D Geometric Shapes

1. Two-Dimensional (2D) Shapes


2D shapes possess only two dimensions: length and width. Formulas focus on Perimeter / Circumference (boundary
length) and Area (region enclosed).

Square

Perimeter P = 4a
a
Area A = a²
a
Diagonal (d) d = a√2

Where: a = side length

Rectangle

Perimeter P = 2(l + w)
w
Area A=l×w
l (length)
Diagonal (d) d = √(l² + w²)

Where: l = length, w = width

Circle

r Circumference C = 2πr = πd

Area A = πr²

Where: r = radius, d = diameter (2r), π ≈ 22/7 or 3.14159

Reference Guide: 2D & 3D Mensuration Page 1 of 4


Triangle (General)

Perimeter P=a+b+c
a h c
Area (Base/Height) A=½×b×h
b (base)
Area (Heron's) A = √[s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)] where s = (a+b+c)/2

Where: a, b, c = sides, h = perpendicular height, b = base, s = semi-perimeter

Parallelogram

Perimeter P = 2(a + b)
h a

b (base) Area A=b×h

Where: b = base, a = adjacent side, h = height

Rhombus
d₁ a
d₂ Perimeter P = 4a

Area A = ½ × d₁ × d₂

Where: a = side length, d₁, d₂ = lengths of diagonals

Trapezium (Trapezoid)
a

Perimeter P=a+b+c+d
h

b Area A = ½ × (a + b) × h

Where: a, b = parallel sides, h = perpendicular height, c, d = non-parallel sides

Reference Guide: 2D & 3D Mensuration Page 2 of 4


2. Three-Dimensional (3D) Shapes
3D shapes possess length, width, and depth. Formulas focus on Curved/Lateral Surface Area (CSA/LSA), Total
Surface Area (TSA), and Volume.

Cube

Lateral Surface Area


LSA = 4a²
(LSA)
a

Total Surface Area


TSA = 6a²
(TSA)

Volume V = a³

Body Diagonal d = a√3

Where: a = edge length of the cube

Cuboid (Rectangular Prism)

Lateral Surface Area


LSA = 2h(l + w)
(LSA)

Total Surface Area


TSA = 2(lw + wh + hl)
h (TSA)
w
l
Volume V=l×w×h

Body Diagonal d = √(l² + w² + h²)

Where: l = length, w = width, h = height

Right Circular Cylinder

Curved Surface Area


r CSA = 2πrh
(CSA)
h
Total Surface Area
TSA = 2πr(r + h)
(TSA)

Volume V = πr²h

Where: r = radius of base, h = vertical height

Reference Guide: 2D & 3D Mensuration Page 3 of 4


Right Circular Cone

Slant Height (l) l = √(r² + h²)

Curved Surface Area


CSA = πrl
h l (CSA)

r Total Surface Area


TSA = πrl + πr² = πr(l + r)
(TSA)

Volume V = ⅓ πr²h

Where: r = radius of base, h = vertical height, l = slant height

Sphere

Surface Area (TSA/


r A = 4πr²
CSA)

Volume V = ⁴⁄₃ πr³

Where: r = radius of the sphere

Hemisphere

Curved Surface Area


CSA = 2πr²
(CSA)
r

Total Surface Area


TSA = 3πr²
(TSA)

Volume V = ²⁄₃ πr³

Where: r = radius of the hemisphere

Reference Guide: 2D & 3D Mensuration Page 4 of 4

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