Python Interview Questions
System Design & Backend Focus (20 Questions)
Q1. What are Python's key features?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q2. Explain GIL and its impact.
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q3. Threading vs Multiprocessing?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q4. How does asyncio work?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q5. Generators vs Iterators?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q6. Decorators with practical use?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q7. Context managers and with statement?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q8. Deep copy vs shallow copy?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q9. Mutable vs immutable objects?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q10. List vs Tuple vs Set vs Dictionary?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q11. How does Python memory management work?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q12. Explain *args and **kwargs.
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q13. What are Python descriptors?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q14. How would you design a scalable REST API in FastAPI?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q15. How do you optimize Python performance?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q16. What are common caching strategies?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q17. How would you design a task queue using Celery?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q18. How do you structure large Python projects?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q19. How would you handle database connections efficiently?
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.
Q20. Design a file processing pipeline handling millions of records.
Expected discussion: concepts, implementation details, performance, scalability, trade-offs, and
real-world use cases.