Client Server And Peer TO
Peer Net Working Models
Client-Server and Peer-to-Peer Networking Models
1. Client-Server Network Model
Definition
A client-server network is a network where one or more servers provide resources and services to
clients. Clients send requests to the server, and the server processes these requests before sending
back the required data.
How it works
The server stores files, applications and data.
A client requests access to these resources.
The server authenticates the user (if required) and responds to the request.
Communication takes place over the network.
Characteristics
Has one or more dedicated servers.
Resources are stored centrally.
The server manages users and permissions.
Clients depend on the server to access resources.
Suitable for medium and large organisations.
Advantages
Centralised management makes it easier to control the network.
Improved security because access rights are managed by the server.
Centralised backups reduce the risk of data loss.
Resources such as printers and files can be shared efficiently.
Easier to maintain and update software.
Disadvantages
Expensive to install because dedicated servers are required.
Requires a network administrator.
If the server fails, clients may lose access to shared resources.
Higher maintenance costs.
Examples
Name : J. Giridhar Date: 15-07-2026
Client Server And Peer TO
Peer Net Working Models
School computer networks
Banks
Hospitals
Business organisations
Company websites
2. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Network Model
Definition
A peer-to-peer network is a network in which all computers have equal status. Each computer can
act as both a client and a server, sharing its own resources directly with other computers.
How it works
There is no dedicated server.
Each computer shares its own files, folders or printers.
Computers communicate directly with one another.
Characteristics
No central control.
Every computer has equal responsibilities.
Resources are shared directly.
Easy to install.
Suitable for small networks.
Advantages
Low installation cost.
Easy to set up and configure.
No dedicated server required.
If one computer fails, the rest of the network continues to operate.
Disadvantages
Security is weaker because there is no central management.
Data is not backed up centrally.
Difficult to manage as the network grows.
Performance decreases when many users access shared resources.
Name : J. Giridhar Date: 15-07-2026
Client Server And Peer TO
Peer Net Working Models
Files can be difficult to locate.
Examples
Home networks
Small offices
Temporary workgroups
LAN parties
File sharing between a few computers
Comparison of Client-Server and Peer-to-Peer Networks
Feature Client-Server Peer-to-Peer
Dedicated server Yes No
Central management Yes No
Security High Lower
Cost High Low
Setup More complex Simple
Backup Centralised Individual computers
Best for Large organisations Small networks
Maintenance Easy to manage Difficult as network grows
THE END
Name : J. Giridhar Date: 15-07-2026