Class Notes
Class Notes
All human beings inherently aspire for a happy, fulfilling, and successful life.
To achieve this, a human being must answer two important questions: “What is my
aspiration?” (What to do?) and “How to fulfill my aspiration?” (How to do?).
Understanding human aspiration and discovering what is truly valuable falls under the
value domain, which is the core subject of Value Education.
There is an essential complementarity between values and skills, but the priority must
always be values first, followed by skills.
The present education system has largely become skill-biased, placing prime
emphasis on science and technology without a solid base of values.
Skills can only provide the means to achieve an end, but they cannot help a person
decide what is actually valuable to pursue.
The consequence of this skill-biased education is clearly visible today in the form of
serious crises at the individual, societal, and environmental levels.
Therefore, the prime need for value education is to discover what is truly valuable in
life and work out the holistic program for its fulfillment.
Universal: The content must be universally applicable to all human beings for all
time and all places, not changing according to sect, creed, nationality, or gender.
Rational: The content must appeal to human reasoning and cannot be based on
dogmas, blind beliefs, or a rigid set of sermons and do's and don'ts.
Natural and Verifiable: The propositions must be naturally acceptable to the human
being and experientially verifiable in day-to-day living, rather than being merely an
intellectual exercise.
All-Encompassing: The study must cover all dimensions of human life (thought,
behavior, work, and understanding) and all levels of human living (individual, family,
society, nature, and existence).
The context for determining value is always the larger order; for example, the value of
a piece of chalk is its participation in the functioning of a classroom.
The value of a human being is to ensure mutual fulfillment in the larger order of entire
nature and existence.
This participation starts from within the individual themselves, extends into their
family, expands into the society, and ultimately encompasses all of nature.
Human values are already potentially present in each and every human being; they
only need to be discovered through an appropriate process.
Self-exploration is a process of seeing reality in our own right, through our own
investigation, observation, and analysis.
The content is delivered as a series of “proposals” that the student must verify rather
than blindly assume to be true or false.
Self-exploration takes the form of a continuous dialogue within the student's own
Self.
This internal dialogue exists between “What I am” (current desires, thoughts,
expectations, and competence) and “What is naturally acceptable to me” (true
intention and what one really wants to be).
When “What I am” is in harmony with “What is naturally acceptable to me,” the
result is a state of happiness.
When there is a contradiction between “What I am” and “What is naturally acceptable
to me,” the result is a state of unhappiness.
Natural acceptance is innate and a part of our being; it does not need to be created,
only discovered.
Step 1: Self-Verification. First, verify the given proposal strictly on your own right,
on the basis of your innate natural acceptance.
Step 2: Experiential Validation. Second, try to live according to the proposal to see
if it holds true in reality.
In living, validation through behavior with other human beings must lead to mutual
happiness.
In living, validation through work with the rest of nature must lead to mutual
prosperity.
Whatever actions we take or thoughts we have, they are driven by a desired end state
in mind, which constitutes our basic aspiration.
When we introspect, we find that the basic aspirations of every human being are
happiness, prosperity, and the continuity of both.
Despite our basic aspirations, there is often a significant gap between what we want
and our current state of being.
When reflecting on our efforts, it becomes clear that we generally work solely toward
the accumulation of physical facility.
The fundamental problem is the assumption that happiness and prosperity will
automatically follow once we have enough physical facility.
However, if we examine the unhappiness in our families, we typically find that the
major reason for the distress is a lack of fulfillment in relationships, not merely a lack
of physical facility.
Even though relationship problems cause the most distress, most of our time and
effort is still invested in accumulating physical facility.
For animals, physical facility is necessary and largely adequate; once they have food
and shelter, they are satisfied.
For human beings, physical facility is necessary, but physical facility alone is not
adequate for fulfillment.
When a human lacks physical facility, they become uncomfortable, but once they
obtain it, they start thinking about many other things (relationships, respect, purpose,
etc.).
To fulfill human aspirations, three distinct realities are absolutely necessary and
cannot be substituted for one another.
3. Physical Facility: The third priority, ensuring physical needs are met through
interactions with the rest of nature.
With right understanding, we can accurately identify our physical needs and produce
them sustainably, ensuring mutual prosperity.
Living with the assumption that physical facility alone is sufficient for fulfillment is
living with Animal Consciousness.
If right understanding is missing, a person cannot identify how much physical facility
is actually needed, leading to an endless desire for more and a constant feeling of
deprivation.
What is commonly called “development” today largely shifts people from the first
state to the second state.
The naturally acceptable state is the third state: Having more than required physical
facility, being happy, and being prosperous.
The Self represents the domain of consciousness, while the Body represents the
domain of material.
To truly understand a human being, both the domain of consciousness and the domain
of material need to be understood separately.
The Need Itself: The fundamental need of the Self is happiness (e.g., a feeling of
respect), whereas the need of the Body is physical facility (e.g., food, clothing,
shelter).
In Time: All needs related to the Self are continuous in time, while all needs related
to the Body are temporary and only required for a limited duration.
In Quantity: The needs of the Self are qualitative in nature (they are feelings, which
cannot be measured in kilograms or meters), whereas the needs of the Body are
quantitative and can be explicitly measured.
Fulfilled By: The needs of the Body are fulfilled by material, physio-chemical things,
but the needs of the Self are fulfilled entirely by right understanding and right feeling.
Because these needs are of two completely distinct types, they cannot be substituted
for one another and must be fulfilled separately.
The primary activities of the Self include desire, thought, and expectation.
These activities within the Self are inexhaustible and are going on continuously,
whether we are consciously aware of them or not.
Conversely, the activities of the Body, such as eating, walking, or breathing, are
temporary in time.
The response of the material Body is based entirely on “recognizing and fulfilling”.
Because the Body only recognizes and fulfills, its response is definite.
The response of the conscious Self is based on “knowing, assuming, recognizing, and
fulfilling”.
For the Self, recognition and fulfillment are heavily determined by the activity of
“assuming”.
If an assumption changes, the recognition and fulfillment by the Self also immediately
change, which makes human conduct indefinite if based merely on assumptions
without knowing.
Human conduct becomes definite and self-organized only when the activity of
assuming is firmly based on “knowing” (right understanding).
The gross misunderstanding prevailing in the world today is assuming that the human
being is entirely equal to the Body.
By operating under this assumption, people try to fulfill all human needs—including
the continuous, qualitative needs of the Self—solely through physical facility.
This mismatch causes the demand for physical facility to become unlimited in the
individual's mind.
Pursuing unlimited physical facility leads to a constant feeling of deprivation (“I don't
have enough”), regardless of how much is accumulated.
This feeling of deprivation directly results in the exploitation of other human beings
and the rapid depletion and exploitation of natural resources.
The fundamental activities of the Self can be understood in terms of desire, thought,
and expectation.
Desire is the name given to the activity of imaging, which is the process of creating
an image within the Self.
Thought is the power for the activity of analyzing, which is based on comparing
various possibilities to fulfill a desire.
Expectation is the power for the activity of selecting, which is based on tasting.
Imagination represents “what I am” at any given moment, encompassing one's current
competence, desires, thoughts, and expectations.
Happiness and unhappiness depend entirely on the internal state of this imagination.
This internal imagination is ultimately expressed to the outside world in the form of
behavior with other human beings and work with the rest of nature.
III. The Sources of Imagination
There are three possible sources of motivation that drive a person's imagination:
1. Preconditioning: These are the beliefs, notions, norms, ideas, views, dictums, and
goals prevailing in the family or society that an individual has assumed without
actually knowing or verifying them.
2. Sensation: This is the information received from the Body through the five sense
organs (sound, touch, sight, taste, and smell).
3. Natural Acceptance: This is the inner voice or conscience, which serves as the real,
innate source for deciding one's desires if one engages in self-verification.
Sensation itself is not an enslavement, as it is necessary for the Self to take proper
care of the Body; the problem arises only when an individual tries to associate their
continuous happiness with these favorable physical sensations.
Preconditionings can sometimes be right, but unless they are verified through natural
acceptance and validated in living, acting on them is a form of enslavement.
V. Continuous Harmony
A human being's state of being at any point can be articulated as the accumulation of
their “acceptances,”.
Harmony in the Self becomes continuous only when all the activities of the Self—
including the higher activities of contemplation, understanding, and realization of co-
existence—are completely awakened.
The way ahead is to know our natural acceptance, be aware of our imagination,
identify its source, and sort it out until it fully aligns with natural acceptance.
The Self is the Seer, Doer, and Enjoyer, using the Body as an equipment to fulfill its
program for continuous happiness.
Self-Regulation: Defined as the feeling of responsibility within the Self towards the
Body for its nurturing, protection, and right utilization.
2. The different parts of the Body are in harmony amongst each other (they are in
order).
The feeling of self-regulation in the Self is primary, whereas health in the Body is a
secondary, natural consequence.
Currently, many disorders are psycho-somatic in nature; disharmony in the Self (the
'psycho') directly causes disharmony in the Body (the 'somatic') because of the false
assumption that “I am the Body”.
To maintain health, the Self must ensure a specific program consisting of several
elements:
1. Nurturing (Intake & Routine): Providing the right inputs (air, water, food, sunlight)
and maintaining a proper, regular routine for sleeping, waking, and eating.
2. Physical Labor & Exercise: Labor involves work on the rest of nature to produce
physical facility, which provides sufficient movement; exercise is used if labor is
insufficient for upkeep.
4. Medicine & Treatment: Utilizing medicine to help the Body recover from temporary
lifestyle disorders, and taking treatment when the Body cannot recover its natural
harmony on its own.
Recognizing this exact program helps us see that the physical facility required to
nurture, protect, and utilize the Body is limited in quantity, which is the foundation
for achieving the feeling of prosperity.
IV. Introduction to Harmony in the Family
Every human being is born into a family, making the family the basic unit or building
block of human organization.
The family provides the essential base for appreciating, accepting, understanding, and
practicing how to live in relationship and harmony.
Harmony in the family primarily revolves around the fulfillment of the relationship
between human beings.
V. Understanding Relationship
1. Relationship is between one Self and another Self : Relationship already exists; it
does not need to be created, only recognized and fulfilled. It is the Self that recognizes
the relationship, not the Body.
2. There are feelings in relationship: The core issue in human relationships is feelings,
and these feelings exist in one Self for the other Self (not in the Body).
3. These feelings can be recognized and are definite: There are exactly nine naturally
acceptable feelings (values) in human relationships (Trust, Respect, Affection, Care,
Guidance, Reverence, Glory, Gratitude, and Love).
Definition: Trust is to be assured that the other person intends to make me happy and
prosperous.
To thoroughly understand trust, we must evaluate eight statements divided into two
categories: Intention and Competence.
When examining intention, the answers are generally a resounding “yes” (tick mark),
but when examining competence, there are many question marks because the ability is
frequently lacking.
We evaluate ourselves based on our intention, concluding that because our intentions
are good, we are fundamentally good people.
Conversely, we evaluate others based on their competence; when they fail to make us
happy, we immediately doubt their intention.
Having unconditional, continuous trust on intention means recognizing that the other's
natural acceptance is exactly the same as ours (they want to be happy and make us
happy).
With trust on intention established, if the other person makes a mistake, we realize it
is a lack of competence, and the natural response is to try to help improve their
competence rather than getting angry.
When a human being is rightly evaluated, they feel respected; when they are not
rightly evaluated, they feel uncomfortable and disrespected.
1. Over-evaluation: Evaluating someone for more than what they actually are.
2. Under-evaluation: Evaluating someone for less than what they actually are.
Evaluating a human being on the basis of the Self (rather than the Body) reveals the
minimum content of respect: “The other is similar to me”.
This similarity rests on three pillars:
1. Purpose: Both I and the other have the exact same natural acceptance to live
with continuous happiness and prosperity.
2. Program: Both I and the other have the same program to fulfill this purpose
—understanding harmony and living in harmony at all levels.
3. Potential: Both I and the other are endowed with natural acceptance, and the
activities of desire, thought, and expectation are continuously going on in both
of us.
While we are entirely similar at the level of purpose, program, and potential, we may
differ in our level of competence (how much of our potential has been realized).
The complete content of respect is recognizing: “The other is similar to me, and we
are complementary to each other in terms of competence”.
o If the other person has more understanding and responsibility than me, I am
committed to understanding from them.
Affection: The feeling of being related to the other, accepting them as one's relative.
A lack of affection manifests as opposition or jealousy. Trust and respect are
absolutely essential to develop the feeling of affection.
Care: The feeling of responsibility and commitment for the nurturing and protection
of the Body of one's relative.
Guidance: The feeling of responsibility and commitment for the development of the
Self of one's relative, ensuring they achieve right understanding and right feeling.
Glory: The feeling of acceptance for those people who have made the effort for
excellence.
Gratitude: The feeling of acceptance for those who have been of help and made the
effort for my excellence (my right understanding). It is a highly significant feeling in
the development of relationships.
Love: The feeling of being related to everyone and to all. It begins with affection and
expands to include all, making it the “complete value,” which is ultimately expressed
in the form of compassion.
Right Feeling from Within: The continuity of right feeling is only possible if it
comes from within oneself and is based on right understanding, rather than constantly
trying to demand or extract right feelings from the other person.
Role of Physical Facility: Physical facility has a very limited role in fulfilling
relationships; while it is necessary for fulfilling the feeling of “Care” (nurturing the
Body), for all other feelings, it plays a merely symbolic role.
Fulfillment: This requires ensuring the naturally acceptable feelings within oneself,
living with responsibility toward the other, and actively making an effort for mutual
development (developing one's own competence while helping the other develop
theirs).
Evaluation: This means verifying that I hold the right feeling, that I have expressed it
properly, that the feeling has successfully reached the other, and that the other is able
to accurately identify it.
When recognition, fulfillment, and evaluation are executed correctly from my side, I
feel happy; when the other evaluates my expression rightly, they also feel happy,
resulting in mutual happiness.
Justice is desirable starting within the family, but it must extend beyond the family all
the way to the world family, ultimately leading to an undivided society.
A true society is formed only when families live together in a relationship of mutual
fulfillment, sharing a common goal.
When people live together but are not in a relationship of mutual fulfillment and have
differing goals, it is merely a “Crowd”.
To build a harmonious society, the goals of human beings living together must be
clearly articulated across four levels:
1. Right Understanding & Right Feeling: This leads to Happiness and must be
ensured in every individual.
2. Prosperity: The feeling of having more than required physical facility, which must be
ensured in every family.
3. Fearlessness (Trust): A state free from domination and exploitation, which must be
ensured in the society.
To fulfill the comprehensive human goal, society requires five interconnected and
complementary systems:
1. Education
2. Health-Self-regulation
o Health is the condition where the Body acts according to the instructions of
the Self.
3. Production-Work
o Work is the effort a human being exerts on the rest of nature, and Production
is the physical facility obtained from that work.
o What to produce: Only the physical facilities strictly required for nurturing,
protecting, and utilizing the Body.
4. Justice-Preservation
5. Exchange-Storage
The scope of an orderly, harmonious society begins at the family level, which is the
smallest unit where these dimensions can take shape.
The progression is: Family Order ->Family Cluster Order ->Village Order ->Village
Cluster Order ->Nation Order ->World Family Order (Universal Human Order).
Nature is defined as the collection of all units in existence, including air, soil, water,
plants, animals, human beings, and even distant entities like the sun and moon.
Although these units are innumerable, they can all be classified into just four
fundamental orders:
1. Physical Order: Includes units like air, water, soil, and metals.
For example, animals and birds (Animal Order) depend on plants (Bio Order) for
food, while helping to spread seeds and protect plants from harmful pests.
Similarly, animals depend on air and water (Physical Order), and in turn, their dung
and dead bodies act as manure to enrich the soil.
Currently, the human being is not fulfilling for the other three orders; instead, humans
are dominating and exploiting them, leading to issues like global warming and climate
change.
However, when human beings refer to their natural acceptance, the innate desire is to
mutually fulfill and enrich all four orders, not exploit them.
Every unit in nature can be understood through four distinct facets: Activity,
Innateness (Self-organization), Natural Characteristic (Participation), and Inheritance.
Physical Order:
o Innateness: Existence.
o Inheritance: Constitution-based.
Bio Order:
o Inheritance: Seed-based.
Animal Order:
o Inheritance: Breed-based.
Human Order:
Self-Regulation: The first three orders are perfectly self-regulated. In a forest, the
proportions of soil, plants, and animals are naturally balanced (e.g., lions do not eat all
the deer, and plants do not overgrow their space).
Abundance: Nature is organized in such a way that the physical facility required for
any order is available in absolute abundance.
The quantity of all four orders follows a specific sequence: Physical Order >> Bio
Order >> Animal Order >> Human Order.
Because of this sequence, the requirements for any specific order are already available
in abundance from the preceding orders.
While the physical order can exist independently, and the bio and animal orders
depend only on the orders below them, the human order is uniquely dependent on all
three of the other orders for its survival.
All orders in nature inherently exhibit a definite conduct, except the human order
when lacking right understanding.
I. Existence as Co-existence
There are two fundamental types of basic realities in existence: Units and Space.
The units exist within space, meaning that wherever a unit is, space is also there,
making them inseparable from space.
Units:
o There are innumerable units in existence, such as air, water, soil, plants, trees,
animals, birds, and human beings, as well as distant entities like the sun and
planets.
Space:
All units in existence are broadly categorized into two types: material units and
consciousness units.
Material Units:
o They operate purely on the basis of “recognizing and fulfilling,” meaning their
conduct is always definite.
o The fundamental stable material unit is the atom, which combines to form
molecules, then molecular structures (lumps or fluids), and eventually cells
that form plants, animal bodies, and human bodies.
o Material units constitute the Physical Order and the Bio Order.
Everything we do with the material world is fundamentally cyclic; material will keep
changing and returning to its initial state, meaning there is no actual “development” in
the material domain.
2. Living on the basis of this right understanding and right feeling, thereby
updating our desires, thoughts, and expectations to be expressed seamlessly in
our behavior, work, and participation in the larger order.
Definite human conduct is the sum total of the state of harmony within, expressing
itself and participating in harmony with the outside world.
The harmony present in the Self is naturally expressed and extended to all levels of
being:
o Harmony of the Self with the Body: Leads to Health at the level of the body.
2. Policy (Thought of how to express values): Once definite human values are
identified, they guide our imagination (desires, thoughts, and expectations). Policy is
the comprehensive analysis of how to live with and express these values in a way that
is conducive to human welfare and the enrichment of all units in existence.
The excellence or success of any professional activity must be judged from this
comprehensive point of view, not merely in terms of wealth generation.
Profession is not only a means of earning a livelihood but also an important activity to
authenticate one's understanding, evolving by interacting with other human beings
and nature in a mutually fulfilling manner.
Professional ethics is the code of ethical conduct within a profession, implying the
right utilization of one's professional skills toward fulfilling the comprehensive
human goal.
Salient features of professional ethics include clarity about the comprehensive human
goal, confidence in prevailing harmony, and competence in mutually fulfilling
behavior and eco-friendly interaction.
In the current scenario, unethical practices are rapidly increasing, leading to an
epidemic of scams, corruption, tax evasion, misleading propaganda, cut-throat
competition, adulteration, and the endangerment of public health and safety.
These methods are largely inadequate because they are either symptomatic, punitive
measures, or crisis management techniques, rather than real solutions addressing the
root cause.
These issues arise from the inherent contradictions of the prevailing materialistic
worldview, where wealth maximization is the prime objective.
In this faulty worldview, another person's happiness is seen as being in conflict with
one's own, making the exploitation of people and nature seem acceptable for
accumulating wealth.
The true way ahead is to resolve the root cause by sincerely building the ethical
competence of professionals through proper value education based on right
understanding.
Right understanding prepares us to move toward a “holistic way of life” that caters to
the comprehensive human goal.
Moving toward this universal human order requires a shift in the education system
toward Humanistic Education, which facilitates self-exploration, realizes human
innateness, and develops the assurance that only value-based living brings continuous
happiness.
Right understanding also provides the basis for a Humanistic Constitution, which is
essential for developing an un-fragmented human society and ensuring social justice.
Criteria for Technologies: Must promote the use of renewable energy, utilize local
resources/expertise, enhance human interaction, and ensure products have high
durability and recyclability.
To gain insight into holistic systems, we must learn from the systems of nature and
identify the eco-friendly and people-friendly characteristics of traditional practices.
o Verify the proposals on your own right based on natural acceptance and
experiential validation.
o Share the right understanding and right feeling with others (family, friends,
educators, colleagues, and policymakers) to facilitate their development.