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Competitive Math Formulas

This document is a comprehensive guide of essential mathematics formulas for SSC, Railway, and Banking exams, aimed at enhancing calculation speed and accuracy. It covers key topics such as geometry, mensuration, profit and loss, discounts, and interest calculations. The reference sheet is designed to support two years of preparation for competitive examinations.

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sahilkumar48620
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4 views2 pages

Competitive Math Formulas

This document is a comprehensive guide of essential mathematics formulas for SSC, Railway, and Banking exams, aimed at enhancing calculation speed and accuracy. It covers key topics such as geometry, mensuration, profit and loss, discounts, and interest calculations. The reference sheet is designed to support two years of preparation for competitive examinations.

Uploaded by

sahilkumar48620
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Essential Mathematics Formula Sheet

A Comprehensive Guide for SSC, Railway, and Banking Exams

This reference sheet compiles crucial formulas to support your two-year preparation roadmap for
government competitive examinations. Mastering these concepts will significantly improve calculation
speed and accuracy.

1. Geometry & Circles • Cylinder:


Volume = πr2 h
Triangles Curved Surface Area (CSA) = 2πrh
• Area: A = 1
× base × height TSA = 2πr(r + h)
2

• Heron’s Formula: A = s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c)


p

where s = a+b+c
2 (Semi-perimeter)
√
• Equilateral Triangle Area: 3 2
4 a

• Pythagoras Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2

Circles
• Area: πr2

• Circumference: 2πr
• Cone:
• Length of an Arc: l = θ
× 2πr Volume = 13 πr2 h
360◦ √
CSA = πrl (where l = r2 + h2 )
• Area of a Sector: A = θ
360◦ × πr2 TSA = πr(r + l)
• Area of Semicircle: 1
2 πr
2

• Perimeter of Semicircle: πr + 2r

2. Mensuration (2D & 3D)


2D Figures
• Rectangle: Area = l × b | Perimeter = 2(l + b)

• Square:
√ Area = a2 | Perimeter = 4a | Diag =
a 2 • Sphere: Volume = 43 πr3 | SA = 4πr2
• Parallelogram: Area = b × h

• Rhombus: Area = 1
2 × d1 × d2

• Trapezium: Area = 21 (a + b)h

3D Figures
• Cuboid:
Volume = l × b × h
Total Surface Area (TSA) = 2(lb + bh + hl)

• Cube: √ • Hemisphere:
Volume = a3 | TSA = 6a2 | Diag = a 3 Volume = 23 πr3 | CSA = 2πr2 | TSA = 3πr2

1
3. Profit, Loss & Discount Simple Interest (SI)
P ×R×T
SI =
Core Concepts: 100
• P = Principal
• Profit = Selling Price (SP) −
Cost Price (CP) • R = Rate of Interest per annum

• Loss = CP − SP • T = Time in years


 
• Profit % = Profit
CP × 100 • Amount (A) = P + SI
 
• Loss % = Loss
CP × 100 Compound Interest (CI)
T
R

Amount (A) = P 1 +
100
Direct SP / CP Formulas:
 " #
T
SP = CP × 100+Profit % R
100 CI = A − P = P 1+ −1
100
 
SP = CP × 100−Loss %
100
Special Cases for CI Calculation:
Discount Formulas:
Discount is always calculated on the Marked Price • Half-Yearly: Rate = 2 , Time = 2T
R

(MP).
• Quarterly: Rate = R4 , Time = 4T
Discount = MP − SP 
Discount % = Discount
MP × 100 Important Exam Shortcuts
 
SP = MP × 100−Discount %
100
Difference between CI and SI:
Successive Discounts:
For 2 years:
For two successive discounts of x% and y%, the
effective single discount is: 
R 2

Diff = P
100
xy
 
x+y− %
100 For 3 years:

300 + R
2 
R
 
Diff = P
4. Simple & Compound Interest 100 100

Consistent practice with these foundational formulas will build a strong numerical aptitude for
banking and administrative exams.

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