SACRED HEART CENTRAL SCHOOL - VILLUPURAM

XII- MATHEMATICS ASSIGNMENT

CHAPTER: THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
1. Find the shortest distance between the lines 𝑙1 and 𝑙2 whose vector equations are
𝑟⃗ = (−𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂) + 𝜆(7𝑖̂ − 6𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) and 𝑟⃗ = (3𝑖̂ + 5𝑗̂ + 7𝑘̂) + 𝜇(𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂),
where  and  are parameters.
x−8 y+ 9 z−10 x−15 y−29 z−5
2. Find the shortest distance between the lines = = and = = .
3 −16 7 3 8 −5

𝑥−1 𝑦+1 𝑥+1 𝑦−2

3. Find the shortest distance between the pair of lines = = 𝑧 and = ; 𝑧 = 2.
2 3 5 1
x−1 y−2 z−3 x−2 y−4 z−5
4. Write the nature of the lines = = and = = .
4 6 8 2 3 4
Also, find the shortest distance between them.
5. Find the vector and the Cartesian equations of a line passing through the point

(1, 2, −4) and parallel to the line joining the points A (3, 3, −5) and B (1, 0, −11).

Hence, find the distance between the two lines.

6. Two vertices of the parallelogram ABCD are given as A (–1, 2, 1) and B (1, –2, 5).
x−4 y+7 z−8
If the equation of the line passing through C and D is = = , then find the
1 −2 2

distance between the sides AB and CD. Hence, find the area of parallelogram ABCD.
x 2y − 6 1− z
7. Find the distance between the line = = and another line parallel to it passing
2 4 −1
through the point (4, 0, –5).
8. Find the co-ordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point (2, 3, –8) to the
4−x y 1−z
line = = . Also, find the perpendicular distance of the given point from the line.
2 6 3
9. Find the equations of all the sides of the parallelogram ABCD whose vertices are A (4, 7, 8),
B (2, 3, 4), C (–1, –2, 1) and D (1, 2, 5). Also, find the coordinates of the foot of the
perpendicular from A to CD.
𝑥+2 𝑦−1 𝑧
10. Vertices B and C of ∆ ABC lie on the line = = . Find the area of ∆ ABC given
2 1 4

that the point A has coordinates (1, –1, 2) and the line segment BC has length of 5 units.
𝑥−3 y+1 𝑧−1
[Link] the image of the point (1,2,1) with respect to the line = = . Also, find the
1 2 3
equation of the line joining the given point and its image.
x y−1 z−2
[Link] image of point P(x, y, z) with respect to line = = is P ′ (1,0,7) .
1 2 3
Find the coordinates of point P.
[Link] the equation of a line 𝑙2 which is the mirror image of the line 𝑙1 with respect to line
x y−1 z−2
𝑙: = = , given that line 𝑙1 passes through the point P (1, 6, 3) and parallel to line 𝑙.
1 2 3
14. A line 𝑙 passes through the point (–1, 3, –2) and is perpendicular to both the lines
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 x+2 y−1 z+1
= = and = = . Find the vector equation of the line 𝑙.
1 2 3 −3 2 5
Hence, obtain its distance from origin.
15. Find the vector and cartesian equations of the line which is perpendicular to the lines with
𝑥+ 2 𝑦−3 𝑧+ 1 𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3
equations = = and = = and passes through the point (1, 1, 1).
1 2 4 2 3 4
Also find the angle between the given lines.
x−1 y−2 z−3 x−1 y−1 z−6
[Link] the lines = = and = = are perpendicular to each other, find
−3 2k 2 3k 1 −7

the value of k and hence write the vector equation of a line perpendicular to these two
lines and passing through the point (3, –4, 7).
[Link] the equation of the line which bisects the line segment joining points A (2, 3, 4)
x−8 y+19 z−10 x−15 y−29 z−5
and B (4, 5, 8) and is perpendicular to the lines = = and = = .
3 −16 7 3 8 −5
x−1 y−2 z−3 x−4 y−1 z
18. Show that the lines = = and = = intersect.
2 3 4 5 2 1

Also, find their point of intersection.

19. Prove that the line through A (0, −1, −1) and B (4, 5, 1) intersects the line through
C (3, 9, 4) and D (−4, 4, 4).
𝑥−1 𝑦−𝑏 𝑧−3 𝑥−4 𝑦−1
20. Find the value of b so that the lines = = and = = 𝑧 are
2 𝟑 4 5 𝟐

intersecting lines. Also, find the point of intersection of these given lines.

21. Find the equation of line passing through the point of intersection of the lines
x y−1 z−2 x−1 y z−7
= = and = = and perpendicular to these given lines.
1 2 3 0 −3 2

22. Find the point of intersection of the lines 𝑟⃗ = 𝑖̂ −𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂ + (3𝑖̂ − 𝑘̂ ) and
𝑟⃗ = −3 𝑗̂ + 3 𝑘̂ + 𝜇 (𝑖̂ + 2 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ ). Also, find the vector equation of the line passing
through the point of intersection of the given lines and perpendicular to both the lines.
23. The vertices of a ABC are A (1, 1, 0), B (1, 2, 1) and C (–2, 2, –1). Find the equations of the
medians through A and B. Use the equations so obtained to find the coordinates of the centroid.

24. Equations of sides of a parallelogram ABCD are as follows:

x+1 y−2 z−1 x−1 y+2 z−5 x−4 y+7 z−8 x−2 y+3 z−4
AB: = = ; BC: = = ; CD: = = ; DA: = =
1 −2 2 3 −5 3 1 −2 2 3 −5 3

Find the equation of diagonal BD.

25. Find the equations of the diagonals of the parallelogram PQRS whose vertices are

P (4, 2, –6), Q (5, –3, 1), R (12, 4, 5) and S (11, 9, –2). Use these equations to find

the point of intersection of diagonals.