Java Backend Developer Roadmap (Spring Boot)
1. Java Basics
• Learn Variables, Data Types, Operators
• Control Structures (if, switch, loops)
• OOP Concepts (Classes, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation, Abstraction)
• Collections Framework (List, Set, Map, Queue)
• Java 8 Features (Streams, Lambdas, Optional)
• Git & GitHub basics, Maven/Gradle
2. Advanced Java
• Multithreading & Concurrency (Threads, ExecutorService, CompletableFuture)
• File I/O, Serialization
• Annotations & Reflection API
• JVM, JDK, JRE basics (Memory management, Garbage Collection)
3. Databases
• SQL Basics (CRUD, Joins, Group By, Aggregates)
• MySQL / PostgreSQL
• JDBC Basics
• JPA & Hibernate (Entity Mapping, Relationships, JPQL, Caching)
4. Spring Core & Boot
• Dependency Injection, IoC Container
• Beans, Scopes, Lifecycle
• Spring Boot Project setup (Spring Initializr)
• Profiles & Properties
• Spring Boot Starters
5. REST APIs with Spring Boot
• Spring MVC Controllers
• Request/Response Handling (@RequestParam, @PathVariable, @RequestBody)
• Exception Handling with @ControllerAdvice
• Spring Data JPA (JpaRepository, Derived Queries, JPQL)
• Spring Security Basics (Authentication, Authorization, JWT)
• Validation with Hibernate Validator
6. Microservices & Advanced Spring
• Microservices Basics (Why, Advantages, Tradeoffs)
• Spring Cloud (Eureka, API Gateway, Config Server)
• Circuit Breaker (Resilience4j)
• Messaging (Kafka, RabbitMQ)
• Docker & Containerization
7. Testing
• Unit Testing (JUnit, Mockito)
• Integration Testing with Spring Boot Test
• Testcontainers for DB Testing
• Code Quality Tools (SonarLint, Checkstyle)
8. DevOps & Deployment
• CI/CD Basics (GitHub Actions, Jenkins)
• Cloud Platforms (AWS, GCP, Azure basics)
• Deploy Spring Boot app to AWS EC2 / Elastic Beanstalk
• Database Hosting (RDS, Cloud SQL)
9. System Design
• Low-Level Design (OOP, SOLID Principles, Design Patterns)
• High-Level Design (APIs, Databases, Caching, Queues)
• Distributed Systems Basics (Load Balancing, Redis, Rate Limiting, CAP Theorem)
10. Projects & Portfolio
• Employee Management System (CRUD + REST API + MySQL)
• E-Commerce Backend (Products, Orders, Payments, Users)
• URL Shortener (Spring Boot + Redis)
• Microservices-based Blog Platform (Spring Cloud + Kafka)