ANSWER SHEET.
Periodic test -1
Subject: Science Class: : VIII
Very short Answer type Questions ( 3× 5 )
1. What is microalgae ?
Ans Microalgae are microscopic plant like organism that live in water ,soil
,air and even on trees .
[Link] the process by which by which Yeast makes alcohol .
Ans. Yeast makes alcohol through a process called [Link] is also
called alcoholic fermentation .
[Link] one microorganism that can fix atmospheric nitrogen in the
Soli .
Ans. Rhizobium (Azotobacter) can fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil .
[Link] the Scientist who discovered a living cell .
Ans. Antonie van leeuwenhoek discovered a living cell .
5. What is Prokaryotic cell ?
Ans. A prokaryotic cell is a simple , single celled organism that lacks a
nucleus and nuclear membrane bounded organelles .
Short Answer type Questions ( 5×5)
[Link] is the function of cell membrane
Ans The cell membrane is a thin boundary that surrounds a cell and protect
the intracellular substance in both animal and plant cell. it’s main function
to protect the cell, provide shape and acts as a selective barrier allowing
only specific substance to pass in and out .
7 .How do the cells of bacteria differ from the cells of plants and animals ?
Ans. Bacteria cells lack of well defined nucleus and a nuclear membrane .
In plant and animals have a true nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane .
8 . What is the function of Endoplasmic reticulum ?
Ans – a ) Intracellular Transport: It acts as a network system to pass
materials from one part of the cell to another.
(b) Protein Synthesis: It creates structural proteins and enzymes
necessary for the cell’s daily survival.
(C) Fat Synthesis: It manufactures fats and lipids which help build the cell
membrane.
9 . Which microbes causes Cholera in humans ? What can be do to
prevent it ?
Ans. Cholera is a waterborne disease caused by a bacterium named Vibrio
cholerae .
Cholera is prevented through -
• Boil drinking water
• Safe drinking water
• Maintain good personal hygiene: Wash your hands properly with soap
and water before eating or preparing food, and after using the toilet.
10 . What is the function of lysosome ?
Ans. Lysosome are single membrane bound sacs filled with enzymes, which
can break down unwanted protein carbohydrates fats and even damaged
parts of the cell , keeping it clean and healthy . It is also called a suicidal bag
of the cell .
Long Answer Type Questions ( 8 ×5)
11 . What is a plastid ? What are it’s type ? Explain its functions .
Ans . Plastid are large cell organelles found in plants cells . These may
contain pigments help in photosynthesis and are responsible for imparting
colour to fruits , vegetables and flowers . There are three types of plastids .
Chloroplasts – they manufacture food for Green plants by the process of
photosynthesis .
Chromoplast – the plastid with the different coloured parts of the plants like
fruits vegetables and flowers .
Leucoplast - Plants contain some colourless plastids called leucoplast .
12 . Draw the structure of an animal cell and label it .
13 . Write a short paragraph on the usefulness of microorganisms in our
lives .
Ans. Microorganisms are friendly to us in many ways
• Uses in food
• Curd and cheese formation
• Fermentation process in bakery
• Alcoholic beverage
• Making antibiotics
• Nitrogen fixation in soil
• Production of vitamin in the gut
• Production of vaccine
• Medical advancements
• Bio fertilizer enriching soil .
14 . Write an activity to show how Yeast ( a microorganisms ) helps make
a dough rise .
Objective/Aim: To observe how Yeast ( a microorganisms ) helps make a
dough rise.
Material required - To bowls flour ( atta or maida ) a pinch of sugar , a
small amount of yeast powder , warm water , and a damp cloth .
Procedure : 1 ) Take two bowls and label them as A and B Add flour
or atta or maida into each bowl .
2 )Add a pinch of sugar to both bowls .
In bowl A add a small amount of yeast powder and mix well .
3 )Do not add Yeast to bowl B .
4 )Add warm water to both bowls and knead to soft dough .
5 )Covers both bowls with a damp cloth and keep them in a warm place.
6 )Leave them undisturbed for 4-5 hours .
7 )Record your observations .
Observation - The dough in bowl A will 7.1 rise and become 7.2 Spongy
With a different smell . The dough in B will show 7.3 no change .
Conclusion – Yeast releases 7.4 Carbon dioxide which makes the dough soft
and fluffy. This process is used to make bread, cakes, and other baked foods
.
15. Case based Questions :-
(a)What will students observe when they examine the slides?
Ans - Students will observe various living organisms called microorganisms
in both the pond water and the soil suspension slides .
(b)How do the organisms observed through the slide contribute to cleaning
the environment?
Ans-Microorganisms help break down dead plants and animals , recycling
nutrients back into the environment. This decomposition process cleans our
environment .
(c) Write the names of any two organisms along with their characteristics
that the students will water.
Ans -Microorganisms observed in pond water:
Amoeba - Single-celled and irregularly shaped protozoan
Paramecium - Single-celled protozoan, covered with hair-like structures that
help them move.
(D) Write the names of any two organisms along with their characteristics
that the students w suspension.
Ans - Microorganisms observed in soil suspension:
Bread mould (Fungi) – Branched, filamentous without chlorophyll, and
has a sac-like structure.
Bacteria – Spherical, comma-shaped, spiral, or rod-shaped.