Chapter 2: The Invisible Living World: Beyond Our Naked Eye.
A. 30 MCQs
1. Who first used the word “cell”?
A. Leeuwenhoek B. Robert Hooke C. Darwin D. Pasteur
2. Robert Hooke observed cells in:
A. Onion peel B. Cork C. Blood D. Pond water
3. The basic structural and functional unit of life is:
A. Tissue B. Organ C. Cell D. Organ system
4. The control centre of the cell is:
A. Cytoplasm B. Nucleus C. Cell wall D. Vacuole
5. Cell membrane is also called the:
A. Outer boundary B. Food factory C. Storage sac D. Genetic material
6. Chloroplast contains:
A. DNA B. Chlorophyll C. Cell sap D. Lactic acid
7. Cell wall is present in:
A. Animal cells only B. Plant cells only C. Both D. None
8. The jelly-like substance inside the cell is:
A. Nucleus B. Cytoplasm C. Cell wall D. Chloroplast
9. Large vacuoles are generally found in:
A. Plant cells B. Animal cells C. Viruses D. Bacteria
10. Nerve cells are:
A. Round B. Long and branched C. Flat D. Spiral
11. Muscle cells help in:
A. Transporting messages B. Movement
C. Photosynthesis D. Food spoilage
12. Correct order of organisation is:
A. Organ → Cell → Tissue
B. Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism
C. Tissue → Cell → Organ D. Organism → Cell → Tissue
13. A group of similar cells forms a:
A. Tissue B. Organ C. System D. Organism
14. Microorganisms are also called:
A. Organs B. Microbes C. Tissues D. Cells only
15. Microorganisms are observed using:
A. Telescope B. Microscope C. Periscope D. Stethoscope
16. Amoeba is an example of:
A. Protozoa B. Algae C. Fungus D. Virus
17. Green algae contain:
A. Haemoglobin B. Chlorophyll C. Lactic acid D. Methane
18. Yeast belongs to:
A. Protozoa B. Fungi C. Virus D. Algae
19. Lactobacillus helps in making:
A. Bread B. Curd C. Biogas D. Manure
20. Rhizobium is found in:
A. Leaves B. Root nodules C. Flowers D. Fruits
21. Microorganisms causing diseases are called:
A. Pathogens B. Nutrients C. Producers D. Organelles
22. Cholera is caused by:
A. Virus B. Bacteria C. Fungi D. Algae
23. Malaria is caused by:
A. Protozoa B. Virus C. Algae D. Yeast
24. Viruses are:
A. Cellular B. Acellular C. Multicellular D. Plant cells
25. Viruses reproduce only inside:
A. Soil B. Water C. Living host cell D. Air
26. Biogas mainly contains:
A. Oxygen B. Nitrogen C. Methane D. Carbon monoxide
27. Yeast makes dough soft by releasing:
A. Oxygen B. Carbon dioxide C. Nitrogen D. Hydrogen
28. Decomposition produces:
A. Plastic B. Manure C. Virus D. Chlorophyll
29. Father of Microbiology is:
A. Robert Hooke B. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek C. Mendel D. Newton
30. Largest known cell example given is:
A. Bacteria B. Ostrich egg yolk C. Onion cell D. Amoeba
B. 20 Application and Analytical MCQs
1. A student sees rectangular cells with a rigid boundary. These are most likely:
A. Animal cells B. Plant cells C. Viruses D. Blood cells
2. If a food item spoils faster in summer, the main reason is:
A. Cold air B. Warm, moist conditions favour microbes
C. No oxygen D. Lack of light
3. A cell has chloroplasts. What can it probably do?
A. Contract B. Carry messages C. Prepare food D. Cause disease
4. If the nucleus is damaged, the cell will mainly lose control over:
A. Activities and reproduction B. Shape only C. Colour only D. Water storage only
5. A farmer grows peas to improve soil fertility. Which microbe helps?
A. Yeast B. Rhizobium C. Amoeba D. Virus
6. Bread dough becomes fluffy because yeast:
A. Produces lactic acid B. Releases carbon dioxide
C. Produces chlorophyll D. Fixes nitrogen
7. A long branched cell is best suited for:
A. Carrying messages B. Photosynthesis C. Food storage D. Making curd
8. If microorganisms did not decompose waste, then:
A. Nutrient recycling would stop B. More manure would form
C. Soil fertility would increase D. Food would never spoil
9. A microbe active only inside living cells is:
A. Bacteria B. Virus C. Algae D. Yeast
10. If milk turns into curd, the responsible product is:
A. Lactic acid B. Methane C. Oxygen D. Cell sap
11. Which cell part acts like a gatekeeper?
A. Nucleus B. Cell membrane C. Vacuole D. Chloroplast
12. A pond water sample shows moving single-celled organisms. They are likely:
A. Protozoa B. Fungi C. Viruses D. Organs
13. Cotton-like growth on bread indicates:
A. Algae B. Fungal growth C. Nitrogen fixation D. Cell division
14. If an organism is made of one cell, then:
A. It cannot reproduce B. One cell performs all life processes
C. It must be a plant D. It has organs
15. A cell wall helps plant cells mainly by:
A. Producing oxygen B. Giving support and shape
C. Carrying messages D. Making lactic acid
16. Microalgae are important in water because they:
A. Produce oxygen B. Cause malaria C. Make curd D. Damage leather
17. Which level comes immediately after tissue?
A. Cell B. Organ C. Organ system D. Organism
18. A bacterium that cleans oil spills is an example of:
A. Food poisoning B. Bioremediation C. Photosynthesis D. Fermentation
19. If a plant cell loses its large vacuole function, it may lose:
A. Internal support B. Genetic material C. Ability to infect D. Movement
20. Why are microscopes important in this chapter?
A. They help see distant stars B. They help observe tiny living organisms
C. They produce methane D. They kill microbes
C. 20 Fill in the Blanks
1. The basic unit of life is the ________.
2. Robert Hooke observed a thin slice of ________.
3. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is known as the Father of ________.
4. The cell membrane controls movement of substances ________ and ________ of the
cell.
5. The nucleus contains genetic material called ________.
6. The green pigment in chloroplast is ________.
7. The large empty space in plant cells is called a ________.
8. A group of similar cells is called a ________.
9. Microorganisms can be seen with the help of a ________.
10. Microorganisms are also called ________.
11. Amoeba belongs to the group ________.
12. Lactobacillus converts milk into ________.
13. Yeast is a single-celled ________.
14. Rhizobium lives in the root nodules of ________ plants.
15. Disease-causing microorganisms are called ________.
16. Biogas mainly contains ________.
17. Viruses are ________ particles.
18. Food poisoning may be caused by bacterial ________.
19. The use of microorganisms to clean pollutants is called ________.
20. Ancient Indian texts used the term ________ for tiny organisms.
D. 20 True/False
1. All organisms are made up of cells.
2. Animal cells have a cell wall.
3. Chloroplasts help in photosynthesis.
4. Cytoplasm is outside the cell membrane.
5. Nucleus controls cell activities.
6. Cheek cells are thin and flat.
7. Muscle cells carry messages throughout the body.
8. Microorganisms are always harmful.
9. Yeast helps in baking.
10. Lactobacillus produces lactic acid.
11. Rhizobium reduces soil fertility.
12. Viruses reproduce only inside host cells.
13. Bacteria are always multicellular.
14. Algae contain chlorophyll.
15. Decomposition recycles nutrients.
16. Food spoils faster in warm and moist conditions.
17. Organ system is smaller than tissue.
18. Amoeba is unicellular.
19. Biogas is produced by microorganisms in absence of oxygen.
20. Pathogens cause diseases.
E. 5 Long Answer Questions
1. Explain the basic structure of a cell with the functions of cell membrane, cytoplasm,
and nucleus.
2. Differentiate between plant cells and animal cells with suitable features.
3. Describe the different types of microorganisms with examples.
4. Explain the useful roles of microorganisms in food, environment, biogas, and nitrogen
fixation.
5. Explain why the cell is called the basic unit of life.
F. 5 Short Answer Type Questions
1. Why is the nucleus called the control centre of the cell?
2. Write two differences between unicellular and multicellular organisms.
3. What is decomposition? Mention one importance.
4. How does yeast help in making bread soft and fluffy?
5. What are pathogens? Give two examples of diseases caused by them.
G. 5 Very Short Answer Questions
1. Who discovered cells?
Ans: Robert Hooke
2. Name one plant cell organelle absent in animal cells.
Ans: Chloroplast
3. What is the full form of DNA?
Ans: Deoxyribonucleic acid
4. Name the bacterium used in curd formation.
Ans: Lactobacillus
5. What is bioremediation?
Ans: Use of microorganisms to clean pollutants.