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Study Notes Polymers Water

The document covers key concepts related to polymers and the chemistry of water. It defines polymers, their types, structures, and polymerization processes, while also explaining the properties and significance of water, including its molecular structure, polarity, and unique characteristics. Additionally, it highlights the importance of pH and water treatment processes.

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Irrish
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3 views3 pages

Study Notes Polymers Water

The document covers key concepts related to polymers and the chemistry of water. It defines polymers, their types, structures, and polymerization processes, while also explaining the properties and significance of water, including its molecular structure, polarity, and unique characteristics. Additionally, it highlights the importance of pH and water treatment processes.

Uploaded by

Irrish
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

STUDY NOTES: POLYMERS & CHEMISTRY OF WATER

LESSON 1: POLYMERS

CORE IDEAS (Quick Memory)

• Polymer = many repeating units (mer)


• Monomer = single unit
• Polymer = large chain (many monomers)
• Think: MONO → POLY = ONE → MANY

KEY DEFINITIONS

• Mer: repeating unit


• Monomer: one unit
• Polymer: many units
• Degree of Polymerization (DP): number of repeating units

FORMULA MEMORY TRICK

DP = (Molar Mass of Polymer) / (Molar Mass of Monomer)


→ Think: BIG ÷ SMALL = number of units

TYPES OF POLYMERS (FAST RECALL)

• Natural (plants/animals)
• Synthetic (man-made)
• Semi-synthetic

STRUCTURE TYPES

• Linear → straight chains


• Branched → chains with branches
• Cross-linked → strong 3D network

FUNCTIONALITY MEMORY

• 2 bonds → linear
• 3 bonds → network
• Mix → branched

POLYMERIZATION TYPES

• Addition → no small molecule removed


• Condensation → small molecules removed (water, etc.)

PROCESS STEPS (MEMORY STORY)

Initiation → Propagation → Termination


Think: START → GROW → STOP

THERMOPLASTIC vs THERMOSETTING

• Thermoplastic → reheatable, reshapeable


• Thermosetting → permanent, cannot reshape

TACTICITY (EASY VISUAL)

• Isotactic → same side


• Syndiotactic → alternating
• Atactic → random

FAST EXAM HIGHLIGHTS

• Polymer = macromolecule
• DP tells size
• Structure affects properties
• Thermoplastics = reusable

MEMORIZATION TECHNIQUE

Use acronym: M-M-P-D-F-P-T


Mer, Monomer, Polymer, DP, Functionality, Polymerization, Types

LESSON 2: CHEMISTRY OF WATER

CORE IDEA (FAST)

Water = H2O → 2 Hydrogen + 1 Oxygen

STRUCTURE MEMORY

• Polar molecule
• Positive side (H)
• Negative side (O)

KEY CONCEPT: HYDROGEN BONDING

• Weak attraction between molecules


• Causes special properties

DIFFUSION (QUICK)

Movement of molecules from high → low concentration

FACTORS AFFECTING DIFFUSION

• Temperature ↑ → faster
• Pressure ↑ → more collisions
• Size ↑ → slower

OSMOSIS

Water moves across semi-permeable membrane

POLARITY EFFECT

• Hydrophobic = repels water


• Water interacts with charged/polar substances

UNIQUE PROPERTIES (MEMORY LIST)

• Surface tension
• High heat capacity
• Ice floats
• Good solvent

PH SCALE (EASY)
• <7 = Acid
• 7 = Neutral
• >7 = Base

PH MEMORY TRICK

Think: A-N-B → Acid, Neutral, Base

ACIDS vs BASES

• Acid → H+ ions
• Base → OH- ions

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

• Can act as acid and base (amphoteric)


• Can undergo redox reactions

WATER TREATMENT STEPS (FLOW MEMORY)

Coagulation → Filtration → Disinfection

MEMORIZATION TECHNIQUE

Use chain memory:


Structure → Polarity → Bonding → Properties → pH → Treatment

FINAL QUICK REVIEW

• Water is polar
• Hydrogen bonding explains properties
• pH determines acidity/basicity
• Treatment ensures clean water

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