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Basic Math Operations

The document provides a comprehensive overview of various basic and advanced mathematical, logical, conditional, lookup, financial, statistical, text, and date functions used in spreadsheet software. Each function is accompanied by its formula and an example to illustrate its application. It serves as a reference guide for users to perform calculations and data analysis effectively.

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wez22088
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
4 views7 pages

Basic Math Operations

The document provides a comprehensive overview of various basic and advanced mathematical, logical, conditional, lookup, financial, statistical, text, and date functions used in spreadsheet software. Each function is accompanied by its formula and an example to illustrate its application. It serves as a reference guide for users to perform calculations and data analysis effectively.

Uploaded by

wez22088
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Basic Math Operations

Addition

Formula: =A1+B1

Example: If A1=5, B1=3 → Result = 8

Subtraction

Formula: =A1-B1

Example: If A1=5, B1=3 → Result = 2

Multiplication

Formula: =A1*B1

Example: If A1=5, B1=3 → Result = 15

Division

Formula: =A1/B1

Example: If A1=6, B1=3 → Result = 2

Exponent

Formula: =A1^B1

Example: If A1=2, B1=3 → Result = 8

Basic Functions
SUM

Formula: =SUM(A1:A5)

Example: Adds values in A1:A5

AVERAGE

Formula: =AVERAGE(A1:A5)

Example: Returns average of values

COUNT

Formula: =COUNT(A1:A5)

Example: Counts numeric values


COUNTA
Formula: =COUNTA(A1:A5)

Example: Counts non-empty cells

MAX

formula: =MAX(A1:A5)

Example: Returns largest value

MIN

Formula: =MIN(A1:A5)

Example: Returns smallest value

Logical Functions
IF

Formula: =IF(A1>=50,"Pass","Fail")

Example: If A1=60 → Pass

IFS

Formula: =IFS(A1>=90,"A",A1>=75,"B",TRUE,"Fail")

Example: Multiple grading logic

IFERROR

Formula: =IFERROR(A1/B1,"Error")

Example: Avoids division errors

AND

Formula: =AND(A1>50,B1>50)

Example: True if both conditions met

OR

Formula: =OR(A1>50,B1>50)

Example: True if one condition met


Conditional Functions

COUNTIF

Formula: =COUNTIF(A1:A10,">50")

Example: Counts values >50

SUMIF

Formula: =SUMIF(A1:A10,">50",B1:B10)

Example: Sum where A>50

AVERAGEIF

Formula: =AVERAGEIF(A1:A10,">50")

Example: Average where A>50

COUNTIFS

Formula: =COUNTIFS(A1:A10,">50",B1:B10,"<100")

Example: Multiple conditions

SUMIFS

Formula: =SUMIFS(C1:C10,A1:A10,">50",B1:B10,"<100")

Example: Sum with multiple conditions

AVERAGEIFS

Formula: =AVERAGEIFS(C1:C10,A1:A10,">50",B1:B10,"<100")

Example: Average with multiple conditions

Lookup Functions

VLOOKUP

Formula: =VLOOKUP(E2,A2:C10,3,FALSE)

Example: Search vertically

HLOOKUP

Formula: =HLOOKUP(E2,A1:F3,2,FALSE)

Example: Search horizontally


INDEX + MATCH

Formula: =INDEX(B1:B10,MATCH(E1,A1:A10,0))

Example: Flexible lookup

Financial Functions

PMT

Formula: =PMT(5%/12,60,-10000)

Example: Loan payment

FV

Formula: =FV(5%/12,60,-200)

Example: Future value

PV

Formula: =PV(5%/12,60,-200)

Example: Present value

NPV

Formula: =NPV(10%,A1:A5)

Example: Net present value

RATE

Formula: =RATE(60,-200,10000)

Example: Interest rate

Statistical Functions

AVERAGE (Mean)

Formula: =AVERAGE(A1:A10)

Example: Mean value

MEDIAN

Formula: =MEDIAN(A1:A10)
Example: Middle value

MODE

Formula: =[Link](A1:A10)

Example: Most frequent

STDEV

Formula: =STDEV.S(A1:A10)

Example: Standard deviation

VAR

Formula: =VAR.S(A1:A10)

Example: Variance

RANK

Formula: =RANK(A1,A1:A10)

Example: Ranking

QUARTILE

Formula: =[Link](A1:A10,1)

Example: Quartiles

PERCENTILE

Formula: =[Link](A1:A10,0.9)

Example: Percentile

Text Functions
CONCATENATE

Formula: =A1&" "&B1

Example: Join text

LEFT

Formula: =LEFT(A1,3)

Example: First 3 characters

RIGHT

Formula: =RIGHT(A1,3)
Example: Last 3 characters

FIND

formula: =FIND("x",A1)

Example: Find position

TRIM

Formula: =TRIM(A1)

Example: Remove spaces

UPPER

Formula: =UPPER(A1)

Example: Uppercase

LOWER

Formula: =LOWER(A1)

Example: Lowercase

PROPER

Formula: =PROPER(A1)

Example: Capitalize words

REPLACE

Formula: =REPLACE(A1,1,3,"X")

Example: Replace by position

SUBSTITUTE

Formula: =SUBSTITUTE(A1,"old","new")

Example: Replace text

Date Functions
DATE

Formula: =DATE(2026,3,24)

Example: Create date

TODAY
Formula: =TODAY()

Example: Current date

TIME

Formula: =TIME(14,30,0)

Example: Create time

DAYS

Formula: =DAYS(B1,A1)

Example: Days between dates

NETWORKDAYS

Formula: =NETWORKDAYS(A1,B1)

Example: Working days

Advanced Functions
SUMPRODUCT

Formula: =SUMPRODUCT(A1:A5,B1:B5)

Example: Multiply and sum

OFFSET

Formula: =OFFSET(A1,2,1)

Example: Shift reference

CHOOSE

Formula: =CHOOSE(2,"Red","Blue","Green")

Example: Select option

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