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Biosphere Complete Notes

The document outlines various biomes within the biosphere, including terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, highlighting their characteristics such as climate, biodiversity, and dominant species. It describes the general concept of the biosphere as the global ecological system encompassing all living organisms and their environments. Key biomes discussed include forests, grasslands, deserts, tundras, and aquatic systems, each with unique features and ecological significance.

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Ivan Nabe
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4 views2 pages

Biosphere Complete Notes

The document outlines various biomes within the biosphere, including terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, highlighting their characteristics such as climate, biodiversity, and dominant species. It describes the general concept of the biosphere as the global ecological system encompassing all living organisms and their environments. Key biomes discussed include forests, grasslands, deserts, tundras, and aquatic systems, each with unique features and ecological significance.

Uploaded by

Ivan Nabe
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Biosphere – Comprehensive  Dominated by coniferous trees

 Low species diversity


Notes
Grassland Biome
Biosphere (General Concept)  Dominated by grasses, few trees
 The biosphere is the global ecological  Moderate rainfall, seasonal droughts
system where all living organisms  Supports grazing animals
exist
 Includes parts of the lithosphere • Savanna
(land), hydrosphere (water), and  Tropical grassland
atmosphere (air)  Scattered trees
 Extends from deep ocean trenches to  Distinct wet and dry seasons
the lower atmosphere
 Energy source is mainly sunlight, • Temperate Grassland
driving life processes (Prairie/Steppe)
 Moderate climate
Terrestrial Biospheres (Land Biomes)
 Very fertile soil
 Located on land surfaces
 Important for agriculture
 Climate mainly determines the type of
biome Desert Biome
 Supports plants, animals, and
 Very low rainfall (less than 25 cm per
microorganisms adapted to land
year)
conditions
 Extreme temperatures
 Plants and animals adapted to
Forest Biome
conserve water
 Dominated by tall trees and dense
vegetation • Hot Desert
 High rainfall and humidity
 High daytime temperatures
 High biodiversity and layered
 Sparse vegetation
vegetation structure
 Examples include the Sahara Desert
• Tropical Rainforest • Cold Desert
 Hot and wet climate year-round
 Cold temperatures
 Very high biodiversity
 Snowfall instead of rain
 Located near the equator
 Examples include the Gobi Desert
• Temperate Forest Tundra Biome
 Moderate climate with four seasons
 Extremely cold climate
 Trees shed leaves during autumn
 Permafrost present
 Moderate biodiversity
 Short growing season and low
biodiversity
• Boreal Forest (Taiga)
 Cold climate with long winters
• Arctic Tundra • Coastal Zone
 Located near the North Pole  Shallow water near land
 Very low temperatures  High productivity
 Minimal vegetation  Includes mangroves and seagrass
beds
• Alpine Tundra
 Found at high mountain elevations • Coral Reefs
 Cold and windy conditions  Warm, shallow marine waters
 No trees grow  Extremely high biodiversity
 Sensitive to temperature changes
Aquatic Biospheres (Water Biomes)
 Covers about 70% of Earth’s surface
 Divided into freshwater and marine
biospheres
 Important for climate regulation

Freshwater Biosphere
 Low salt concentration
 Includes rivers, lakes, ponds, and
wetlands
 Supports fish, amphibians, and
aquatic plants

• Lotic Ecosystems
 Flowing water systems
 Includes rivers and streams
 High oxygen content

• Lentic Ecosystems
 Still or slow-moving water
 Includes lakes and ponds
 Supports diverse aquatic life

Marine Biosphere
 Saltwater environment
 Largest biosphere on Earth
 Major role in regulating global climate

• Ocean Zone
 Open ocean waters
 Home to plankton, fish, and whales
 Major oxygen producer

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