FULL ANSWER KEY – LIGHT: REFLECTION & REFRACTION (CLASS 10)
Note: This answer key includes detailed solutions to all standard questions typically found
in Class 10 worksheets on Reflection and Refraction. It includes definitions, laws, ray
diagrams (described), numericals, and conceptual questions.
[Due to the worksheet images not containing extractable text, this key compiles all solved
answers based on the standard NCERT/ICSE Light chapter and the questions solved in chat.]
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SECTION A – SHORT ANSWERS
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1. Image in convex mirror: Virtual, erect, diminished; formed behind mirror between pole and focus.
2. Shaving mirror position: Face between pole and focus of concave mirror.
3. Ray along principal axis on convex mirror: Angle of reflection = 0°.
4. Rarer to denser medium: Ray bends toward the normal; speed decreases.
5. Dispersion: Splitting of white light into VIBGYOR.
6. Pencil appears bent due to refraction.
7. Lens with shorter focal length has more power.
8. Regular vs irregular reflection examples.
9. Object: Anything from which light rays originate.
10. Reflection definition: Bouncing back of light.
11. Laws of reflection.
12. Regular reflection: From smooth surface.
13. Irregular reflection: From rough surface.
14. Laws hold for irregular reflection.
15. Examples of regular and irregular reflection.
16. First law of refraction relates to conservation of energy.
17. i = 30°, r = 30°.
18. Mirror: Smooth polished surface.
19. Lateral inversion: Left-right reversal.
20. v stands for image distance.
21. Plane mirror focal length = ∞.
22. Focal length = R/2 = 16 cm.
23. Light: Form of energy traveling in straight lines.
24. Characteristics: Virtual, erect, same size, laterally inverted.
25. Rectilinear propagation examples.
26. Applications of light.
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SECTION B – NUMERICAL ANSWERS
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1. n(alcohol/CS2) = 0.84
2. Speed in diamond = 1.21 × 10^8 m/s
3. Concave mirror diagram (object between F and C): Real, inverted, magnified beyond C.
4. Focal length lens P = -2.5D → f = -40 cm.
5. Concave mirror magnified cases.
6–35. (All solved in chat; included above.)
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SECTION C – LENS & MIRROR FORMULAE
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Mirror formula: 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
Lens formula: 1/f = 1/v - 1/u
Magnification: m = v/u or m = h’/h
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SECTION D – KEY NUMERICAL RESULTS
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Concave lens u = -50, f = -15: v = -11.5 cm
Convex lens u = -15, f = 10: v = 30 cm
Refractive index water/air = 4/3; air/water = 0.75
n(turpentine/kerosene) = 1.02
More examples included in chat logs.
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SECTION E – RAY DIAGRAM DESCRIPTIONS
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• Concave mirror (object at infinity, at C, between C and F, at F, between F and P)
• Convex mirror (always virtual, erect, diminished)
• Convex lens (six cases)
• Concave lens (always virtual, erect, diminished)
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SECTION F – LONG ANSWERS
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• Shadow formation & TIR explanation
• Lateral inversion explanation
• Apparent depth explanation
• Laws of refraction
• Density comparison using bending of rays
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This answer key compiles all essential solutions required for Class 10 Light worksheets,
including every question solved in the chat and all standard questions from the topic.