Here is the comprehensive answer key for the science workbook pages provided:
1. Plant Power: The Amazing World of Producers
A. Label the different parts of the leaf
● 1: Stomata / Blade (under a microscope view, it shows stomata/surface cells)
● 2: Apex / Tip
● 3: Margin
● 4: Midrib / Main vein
● 5: Petiole / Stalk
B. Complete the food web in the correct order
● Green Plant \rightarrow Goat \rightarrow Lion
● Green Plant \rightarrow Rabbit \rightarrow Wild Cat \rightarrow Lion
● Green Plant \rightarrow Mouse \rightarrow Owl / Hawk / Snake \rightarrow Hawk
C. Describe the process by which they make their food
1. Cactus: Cacti lack true leaves to prevent water loss. Photosynthesis is carried out by
their thick, green fleshy stems which contain chlorophyll to trap sunlight and make food.
2. Mushrooms: Mushrooms are non-green fungi and lack chlorophyll. They cannot make
their own food; instead, they get nutrition by absorbing nutrients from dead and decaying
organic matter (saprophytic nutrition).
3. Red-coloured Croton Plant: These plants contain chlorophyll but appear red because a
large amount of red pigment masks the green color. They still perform normal
photosynthesis using the hidden chlorophyll.
2. Where Plants Live: Journey Through Habitats
A. Correct habitat for each plant
● Cactus: Desert habitat
● Mangroves: Marshy / Swampy coastal areas
● Banyan Tree: Terrestrial plains
● Pine Tree: Hilly / Mountainous regions
B. Difference between terrestrial plants and aquatic plants
● Terrestrial Plants: Plants that grow on land (e.g., mango, pine, cactus). They have roots
that absorb water from the soil and stomata mostly on the underside of their leaves.
● Aquatic Plants: Plants that grow in water bodies (e.g., lotus, hydrilla). They have
adapted features like hollow, light stems, waxy leaves, or lack stomata altogether
(underwater plants).
C. Match the following
●
1. Floating Plants \rightarrow (b) Duckweed, water lettuce, water hyacinth
●
1. Fixed-floating Plants \rightarrow (a) Lotus, water lily
●
1. Underwater Plants \rightarrow (d) Pondweed, hydrilla, tape grass
●
1. Insectivorous Plants \rightarrow (f) Pitcher plant, Venus flytrap
●
1. Parasitic Plants \rightarrow (e) Dodder plant, mistletoe
●
1. Saprophytic Plants \rightarrow (c) Mushroom, Indian pipe
●
1. Uses of Grass \rightarrow (g) Hay for animals, soil conservation
●
1. Grains from Grass \rightarrow (h) Wheat, rice, millets, ragi
3. Animals and Their Young Ones
A. Animal Lifespan and Young Ones Table
1. Cow: 15–20 years | Young One: Calf
2. Dog: 10–13 years | Young One: Puppy
3. Cat: 12–15 years | Young One: Kitten
4. Hen (Chicken): 5–10 years | Young One: Chick
5. Frog: 10–12 years | Young One: Tadpole
6. Butterfly: 2–4 weeks | Young One: Caterpillar (Larva)
B. Label the parts of the egg
● 1: Eggshell
● 2: Yolk
● 3: Albumen (Egg white)
C. Stages in the life cycle of a butterfly
1. Egg: The female butterfly lays eggs on leaves.
2. Larva (Caterpillar): The egg hatches into a worm-like larva that feeds voraciously on
leaves.
3. Pupa (Chrysalis): The caterpillar forms a protective casing around itself where
transformation takes place.
4. Adult Butterfly: A fully developed adult butterfly emerges from the chrysalis.
D. Label the life cycle of a frog
● 1: Eggs (Spawn)
● 2: Tadpole
● 3: Adult Frog
4. Animal Adventures: Exploring Habitats and
Adaptations
A. Match Habitat, Description, and Animal
● 1 (Desert) \rightarrow c (Hot, dry...) \rightarrow v (Camel)
● 2 (Forest) \rightarrow f (Vast area...) \rightarrow i (Deer/Tiger/Bear)
● 3 (Ocean) \rightarrow d (Water-based...) \rightarrow iv (Shark/Whale)
● 4 (Polar Region) \rightarrow a (Cold, snowy...) \rightarrow ii (Polar Bear/Penguin)
● 5 (Grassland) \rightarrow e (Wide, open...) \rightarrow iii (Lion/Zebra)
● 6 (Rainforest) \rightarrow b (Wet, warm...) \rightarrow vi (Monkey/Jaguar)
B. Describe Food Habits and Habitat
● 2. Lion:
○ Eating Habit: Carnivorous animal that hunts and eats other animals (flesh-eater).
○ Habitat: Grasslands, savannas, and open woodlands.
● 3. Crow:
○ Eating Habit: Omnivorous bird eating seeds, fruits, small insects, and human
leftovers.
○ Habitat: Found globally in forests, cities, and rural farmlands.
● 4. Earthworm:
○ Eating Habit: Detritivore eating organic decaying matter and soil.
○ Habitat: Moist soil underground.
● 5. Shark:
○ Eating Habit: Carnivorous marine predator feeding on fish and marine mammals.
○ Habitat: Oceans and seas globally.
● 6. Eagle:
○ Eating Habit: Carnivorous bird of prey eating fish, small mammals, and reptiles.
○ Habitat: High cliffs, mountains, and tall trees near water bodies.
C. True or False
1. Zebras, tigers and leopards use camouflage to protect themselves from predators.
\rightarrow True
2. All animals hibernate during winter. \rightarrow False
3. Migration helps animals escape from unfavourable conditions. \rightarrow True
4. Only bears hibernate in winter. \rightarrow False
5. Porcupines use their sharp spines to protect themselves. \rightarrow True
5. Food, Health and Digestion
A. Nutrient Group Categorization
● Carbohydrates: Rice, bread, pasta, potatoes, whole grains.
● Healthy Fats: Avocados, olive oil, nuts, seeds.
● Proteins: Fish, eggs, beans, tofu, legumes.
B. Label the Digestive System
● 1: Stomach
● 2: Pancreas
● 3: Small Intestine
● 4: Mouth
● 5: Esophagus (Food pipe)
● 6: Liver
● 7: Gallbladder
● 8: Large Intestine
Functions of any two parts (Examples):
● Mouth: Mechanically breaks down food by chewing and mixes it with saliva to begin
carbohydrate digestion.
● Stomach: Churns food with gastric juices and acids to chemically digest proteins into a
semi-liquid mixture.
6. Teeth and Microbes
A. Label Types and Structure of Teeth
Types of Teeth:
● 1: Incisors
● 2: Molars
● 3: Premolars
● 4: Canines
Structure of a Tooth:
● 1: Enamel
● 2: Dentin
● 3: Pulp
● 4: Crown
● 5: Neck
● 6: Root
B. Name the Microbes
1. Ringworm: Fungi
2. Dysentery: Bacteria / Protozoa (Amoeba)
3. Tuberculosis: Bacteria
4. Dengue: Virus
C. Happy vs. Sad Tooth
● Happy Tooth Items: 1. Milk / Dairy products | 2. Apples / Green Vegetables
● Sad Tooth Items: 1. Chocolates / Candy | 2. Carbonated Sodas
7. Clothes and Fibres
A. Short Answers
1. Natural Fibres: Fibres obtained directly from nature—either plants or animals. Examples:
Cotton, Wool.
2. Synthetic Fibres: Man-made fibres chemically manufactured in factories. Examples:
Nylon, Polyester.
3. Summer Choice: Cotton is better because it is soft, breathable, and absorbs sweat
easily, keeping the body cool.
4. Why Ironing Matters: It removes wrinkles, sanitizes clothes by killing lingering microbes
using heat, and gives a neat, presentable look.
B. Season for Clothes
● 1 (Woolen sweater/jacket): Winter Season
● 2 (Raincoat/Umbrella outfit): Rainy / Monsoon Season
● 3 (Light cotton t-shirt/shorts): Summer Season
8. The Solar System and the Earth
A. Differences between Inner and Outer Planets
● Inner Planets: Made of rock/metals (terrestrial), smaller size, few or no moons, closer to
the sun, solid surfaces (e.g., Earth, Mars).
● Outer Planets: Made of gases/ice (gas giants), massive size, many moons, ring systems,
far from the sun (e.g., Jupiter, Saturn).
B. Planet Riddles
1. Mars
2. Neptune
3. Mercury
4. Earth
5. Venus
6. Uranus
7. Saturn
8. Jupiter
9. Weather, Air and Water
A. Match Water Cycle terms
●
1. Evaporation \rightarrow (b) The transformation of liquid water into vapour due
to heat
●
1. Transpiration \rightarrow (a) The process by which plants release water vapour
into the air
●
1. Condensation \rightarrow (d) The conversion of water vapour into liquid
droplets in the air
●
1. Precipitation \rightarrow (c) The falling of water droplets from clouds in the form
of rain...
B. Water Treatment Descriptions
1. Sedimentation and Decantation: Letting heavy insoluble impurities settle to the bottom
(sedimentation), then carefully pouring clean water out into another vessel without
disturbing the residue (decantation).
2. Filtration: Passing water through a porous filter sheet or paper that traps finer suspended
solid impurities while allowing clear water to pass through.
3. Chlorination: Adding chlorine tablets or gas to water to kill harmful disease-causing
germs and bacteria, making it safe to drink.
C. Breeze Recognition
● Image 1 (Left): Sea Breeze (Happens during the day; cool air moves from sea to land).
● Image 2 (Right): Land Breeze (Happens during the night; cool air moves from land to
sea).
● Main Difference: Sea breeze cools the land during daytime, whereas land breeze flows
towards the ocean at night because land cools down faster than water.
10. Our Environment
A. Pollution Table
● 1 (Land/Soil Pollution):
○ Causes: Plastic dumping, industrial toxic waste, excessive chemical fertilizers.
○ Effects: Loss of soil fertility, contamination of crops, land toxic levels rise.
● 2 (Air Pollution):
○ Causes: Smoke from vehicles, factories, volcanic ash, or burning fossil fuels.
○ Effects: Respiratory illnesses (asthma), global warming, acid rain.
● 4 (Noise Pollution):
○ Causes: Blaring vehicle horns, loud speakers, industrial heavy machinery.
○ Effects: Hearing loss, high stress levels, sleep disturbance.
B. Fill in the blanks
1. Land pollution is the pollution caused by harmful waste on the land.
2. Biodegradable wastes can be broken down by decomposers.
3. Non-biodegradable wastes take a very long time to decompose.
4. Cutting down trees and throwing waste harms the fertility of the soil.
5. Plastic bags and bottles are examples of non-biodegradable wastes.
11. Solids, Liquids and Gases
A. State of Matter Identification
● 1: Gas (Water Vapour)
● 2: Solid (Kettle)
● 3: Liquid (Water)
B. State Changes Identify
● 1: Evaporation (Liquid turning into Gas upon heating)
● 2: Freezing (Liquid turning into Solid upon cooling)
● 3: Melting (Solid turning into Liquid upon heating)
C. Definitions
1. Solute: The substance that dissolves in a medium to form a solution (e.g., Salt, Sugar).
2. Solvent: The liquid medium in which a solute dissolves (e.g., Water, Alcohol).
3. Solution: The uniform mixture formed when a solute dissolves fully in a solvent (e.g.,
Saltwater).
12. Work, Force and Energy
A. Match Images to Force Descriptions
● 1 (Pushing/Lifting weight) \rightarrow (a) Muscular Force \rightarrow iv (The force
applied by muscles...)
● 2 (Pulley/Gears) \rightarrow (b) Mechanical Force \rightarrow i (The force exerted by
machines...)
● 3 (Stretched Band) \rightarrow (c) Elastic Force \rightarrow v (The force that returns an
object...)
● 4 (Sliding Object/Brakes) \rightarrow (d) Friction Force \rightarrow ii (The force that
resists the motion...)
● 5 (Falling Apple/Ball) \rightarrow (e) Gravitational Force \rightarrow iii (The force that
pulls objects...)
B. Give two examples of each
1. Simple Machine: (a) Lever (e.g., Scissors) | (b) Inclined Plane (e.g., Ramp)
2. Sources of Energy: (a) Solar Energy (Sun) | (b) Wind Energy (Windmills)
3. Friction Force: (a) Walking on a road without slipping | (b) Rubbing hands together to
generate heat