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Python Tutorial
Last Updated : 20 Aug, 2025
Python is one of the most popular programming languages. It’s simple to
use, packed with features and supported by a wide range of libraries and
frameworks. Its clean syntax makes it beginner-friendly. It's
A high-level language, used in web development, data science,
automation, AI and more.
Known for its readability, which means code is easier to write,
understand and maintain.
Backed by library support, so we don’t have to build everything from
scratch, there’s probably a library that already does what we need.
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Why to Learn Python?
Requires fewer lines of code compared to other programming
languages.
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Provides Libraries that/you have read and understood
Frameworks our Cookie
like Django, PolicyPandas,
Flask, & Got It !
Tensorflow,
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Scikit-learn and many more for Web Development, AI/ML, Data Science
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and Data Analysis
Cross-platform, works on Windows, Mac and Linux without major
changes.
Used by top tech companies like Google, Netflix and NASA.
Many Python coding job opportunities in Software Development, Data
Science and AI/ML.
Try our ongoing free course Python Skillup with weekly topic
coverage, notes, daily quizzes and coding problems.
First Python Program
Here is a simple Python code, printing a string. We recommend you to edit
the code and try to print your own name.
print("Hello World")
Output
Hello World
1. Python Basics
In this section, we’ll cover the basics of Python programming, including
installing Python, writing first program, understanding comments and
working with variables, keywords and operators.
Before starting to learn python we need to install python on our
system.
Introduction
Input and Output
Variables
Operators
Quiz: toBasics,
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Quiz: Data Types, Numbers, Boolean
Conditional Statements
Loops
Quiz: Control Flow, Loops
2. Python Functions
In this section of Python 3 tutorial we'll explore Python function syntax,
parameter handling, return values and variable scope. Along the way, we'll
also introduce versatile functions like range(), map, filter and lambda
functions.
Functions
Pass Statement in Function
Global and Local Variables
Recursion
*args and **kwargs in Function
‘Self’ as Default Argument
First Class Function
Lambda Function
Map, Reduce and Filter Function
Inner Function
Decorators
Quiz: Functions
3. Python Data Structures
Python offers versatile collections of data types, including lists, string,
tuples, sets, dictionaries and arrays. In this section, we will learn about
each data types in detail.
Strings
List
Quiz: List, String
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Quiz: Tuples, Dictionary
Sets
Arrays
List Comprehension
Quiz: Sets, Arrays, List Comprehension
Python's collections module offers essential data structures, including the
following:
Counters
Heapq
Deque
OrderedDict
Defaultdict
Quiz: Counters, Heapq, Deque, OrderedDict
To learn data structure and algorithm with python in detail, you can
refer to our DSA with Python Tutorial.
4. Python OOP Concepts
In this section, we'll explore the core principles of object-oriented
programming (OOP) in Python. From encapsulation to inheritance,
polymorphism, abstract classes and iterators, we'll cover the essential
concepts that helps you to build modular, reusable and scalable code.
Python OOP
Classes and Objects
Polymorphism
Inheritance
Abstract
Encapsulation
Iterators
Quiz: toOOPs
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5. Python Exception Handling
In this section, we'll explore Python Exception Handling that how Python
deals with unexpected errors, enabling us to write fault-tolerant code.
We'll cover file handling, including reading from and writing to files.
Exception Handling
Built-in Exception
User defined Exception
Quiz: Exception Handling
6. File Handling
In this section, we will cover file handling, including reading from and
writing to files.
File Handling
Read Files
Write/Create Files
OS Module
pathlib Module
Directory Management
Quiz: File Handling
7. Python Database Handling
In this section we will learn how to access and work with MySQL and
MongoDB databases
Python MongoDB Tutorial
Python MySQL Tutorial
8. Python Packages or Libraries
Python is a huge collection of Python Packages standard libraries that
make development easier. These libraries help with a wide range of tasks
andcookies
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Packages
Built-in Modules
DSA Libraries
GUI Libraries
9. Data Science with Python
1. Foundational Libraries: These are the libraries that form the base for all
data science work. Start here to build a strong foundation.
NumPy
Pandas
Matplotlib
2. Advanced Visualization and Statistical Tools: Once you’re comfortable
with basic data handling and visualization, move to creating cleaner
visuals and performing statistical analysis.
Seaborn
Statsmodel
3. Machine Learning Libraries: After data manipulation and visualization,
learn machine learning, starting with simpler models and moving to
advanced ones.
Scikit-learn
XGBoost /LightGBM
4. Deep Learning Frameworks: If you’re interested in AI and deep
learning, these libraries will allow you to build and train neural networks.
TensorFlow and Keras
PyTorch
To learn more, you can refer to Python for Data Science.
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1. Core Web Frameworks (Backend Development with Python): These
are the tools for building Python-based web applications.
Flask
Django
2. Database Integration: Learn how to connect Python web frameworks to
databases for storing and retrieving data.
SQLite
SQLAlchemy
Django ORM
3. Front-End and Backend Integration: Learn how to connect Python
backends with front-end technologies to create dynamic, full-stack web
applications.
Jinja2 (Flask)
Django Templates
4. API Development: Learn to build APIs (Application Programming
Interfaces) for connecting your backend with front-end apps or other
services.
Flask-RESTful
Django REST Framework (DRF)
To learn more, you can refer to Python for Web Development.
Applications of Python
Web Development: Django and Flask for building dynamic sites and
apps.
Data Science & Analysis: Pandas, NumPy, and Matplotlib for analysis
and visualization.
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Machine Learning & AI: TensorFlow, Keras, and Scikit-learn for models.
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Scripting & Automation: Simple scripts to handle repetitive tasks
efficiently.
Web Scraping: Beautiful Soup and Scrapy for extracting data.
Desktop App Development: Tkinter, PyQt for apps, and Pygame for
games.
Python Practice
Python quiz page covers topics including variables, data types, input,
output, lists, tuples, dictionaries and sets. The Python Coding Practice
Problems page offers exercises on loops, functions, lists, strings,
dictionaries, sets and advanced structures like heaps and deques.
Quizzes
Python Coding Problems
This Python tutorial is updated based on latest Python 3.13.1
version.
Important Links
Comparison of Popular Programming Languages
Careers & Jobs in Python
Companies That Use Python
Python Latest Features
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