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Coding - decoding & IQ: Verbal Reasoning

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multiple one-paper exams, CSS-2022) & MA’AM SHUMAILA (MA History,

English Lecturer qualifier-2020).

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Coding, Decoding & IQ – Verbal Reasoning

In verbal reasoning, coding–decoding questions are commonly used to assess a candidate’s
IQ, analytical ability, and pattern-recognition skills. These questions present a word,
sentence, or message written in a coded form according to a specific rule. The candidate must
identify the rule and either decode the message or apply the same rule to encode another
word.

Coding: The process of converting a word or message into a Hidden form by applying a
particular rule or pattern.

Decoding: The process of identifying the hidden rule in a coded message and converting it
back to its original form.

These questions test logical thinking, observation, and mental flexibility. Candidates are
typically required to:

1. Encode a word or sentence using a given rule or pattern

2. Decode a coded word or message to determine its original form

3. Recognize patterns such as letter shifting, reversing, substitution, positional changes,

or numerical transformations

1. Position of Letters in English Alphabet

• In many coding–decoding and IQ questions, letters are converted into numbers based
on their alphabetical positions.
• Since there are 26 letters in the English alphabet, candidates are often required to
identify a letter’s position before applying any rule.

Letter Position Letter Position

A 1 N 14

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B 2 O 15

C 3 P 16

D 4 Q 17

E 5 R 18

F 6 S 19

G 7 T 20

H 8 U 21

I 9 V 22

J 10 W 23

K 11 X 24

L 12 Y 25

M 13 Z 26

• Forward counting: A → B → C … → Z

• Backward counting: Z → Y → X … → A

2. Circular Arrangement of Letters

• Useful when letters wrap around at the start or end of the alphabet.

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• Clockwise: Moving forward in alphabetical order.

• Anti-clockwise: Moving backward in alphabetical order.

TYPES OF CODING PATTERNS

In coding–decoding questions, different rules or patterns are used to convert a word into a
coded form. The common types of coding patterns are as follows:

1. Letter Shifting (Alphabet Shifting)

In this type, each letter is replaced by the letter a fixed number of positions ahead or behind.

Example: CAT → FDW

(C+3=F, A+3=D, T+3=W)

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2. Reversal of Letters

In this pattern, the letters of the word are written in reverse order.

Example:

• WORD → DROW

• TABLE → ELBAT

3. Substitution Coding

Here, each letter is replaced by another letter, number, or symbol according to a fixed rule.

Example:
If A = @, B = #, C = $, then

• CAB could be coded as $@#

(You must first identify the substitution rule from the given example.)

4. Mixed Patterns

In this type, more than one method is used together, such as:

• shifting + reversing

• reversing + substitution

• shifting + substitution

TIPS TO SOLVE CODING-DECODING QUESTIONS

1. Identify the pattern carefully. Look at examples given.

2. Use alphabet positions to calculate shifts.

3. Check for circular wrap-arounds (A before Z, Z after A).

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4. Write step by step instead of guessing.

5. Practice common patterns: forward shift, backward shift, alternating positions, word
reversal.

EXERCISE

Q 1. In a certain code language, GIVE is written as VIEG and OVER is written as EVRO.
How will DISK be written in that same code?

Observe the pattern:

• GIVE → VIEG

• OVER → EVRO

Break the word into positions:

GIVE

GIVE
1234

Code:
VIEG
3241

So the pattern is:

3rd letter, 2nd letter, 4th letter, 1st letter

Check with OVER:

OVER
1234

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Code:
EVRO
3241

Same pattern confirmed.

Now apply the same rule to DISK:

DISK
1234

Using pattern (3, 2, 4, 1):

• 3rd letter → S

• 2nd letter → I

• 4th letter → K

• 1st letter → D

So,

DISK → SIKD

Answer: SIKD

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Q 2. If EARTH is written as FCUXM in a certain code, how is MOON written in that code?

Solution:

Compare each letter:

• E (5) → F (6) = +1

• A (1) → C (3) = +2

• R (18) → U (21) = +3

• T (20) → X (24) = +4

• H (8) → M (13) = +5

So the pattern is:

Add increasing numbers (+1, +2, +3, +4, +5)

Now apply the same rule to MOON:

• M (13) +1 = N (14)

• O (15) +2 = Q (17)

• O (15) +3 = R (18)

• N (14) +4 = R (18)

So,

MOON → NQRR

Answer: NQRR

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Q3. If DELHI is written as EDMGJ in a certain code, how is NEPAL written in that code?

Solution:

Observe the pattern:

• D → E (+1)

• E → D (−1)

• L → M (+1)

• H → G (−1)

• I → J (+1)

Pattern: Alternate +1, −1

Apply the same rule to NEPAL:

• N → O (+1)

• E → D (−1)

• P → Q (+1)

• A → Z (−1, circular)

• L → M (+1)

Answer: ODQZM

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Q4. If in a certain language PROSE is coded as PPOQE, how is LIGHT coded in that code?

Solution:

Observe the pattern:

• P → P (same)

• R → P (previous 2 letters) -2

• O → O (same)

• S → Q (previous 2 letters) -2

• E → E (same)

Rule:

• 1st, 3rd and 5th letters remain the same

• 2nd and 4th letters are replaced by the letter two positions backward (-2)

Apply the same rule to LIGHT:

• L → L (same)

• I → G (I − 2)

• G → G (same)

• H → F (H − 2)

• T → T (same)

Answer: LGGFT

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Q.5. If SUMMER is coded as RUNNER, the code for WINTER is ______.

Compare each letter:

• S → R (−1)

• U → U (same)

• M → N (+1)

• M → N (+1)

• E → E (same)

• R → R (same)

Rule:

• 1st letter moves one step backward

• 3rd and 4th letters move one step forward

• 2nd, 5th and 6th letters remain unchanged

Apply this rule to WINTER:

• W → V (−1)

• I → I (same)

• N → O (+1)

• T → U (+1)

• E → E (same)

• R → R (same)

Answer: VIOUER

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Q6. If HARD is coded as 1357 and SOFT is coded as 2468, what do the figures 21448 stand
for?

Solution:

From the given codes:

• H=1

• A=3

• R=5

• D=7

• S=2

• O=4

• F=6

• T=8

Now decode 21448:

• 2→S

• 1→H

• 4→O

• 4→O

• 8→T

Answer: SHOOT

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Q8: If Dust is called Air, Air is called Fire, Fire is called Water, Water is called Colour,
Colour is called Rain and Rain is called Dust, where do Fish live?

Solution:
Generally, fish live in Water.
According to the given code, Water is called Colour.

Answer: fish live in Colour

Q9. If ERASER is called PENCIL and PENCIL is called SHARPENER and SHARPENER is called
BAG, what will a child write with?

Solution:

• Normally, a child writes with a PENCIL.

• According to the given code:

• PENCIL → SHARPENER

Answer: SHARPENER

Question 10. If LIGHT is called MORNING, MORNING is called DARK, DARK is called
NIGHT, NIGHT is called SUNSHINE, and SUNSHINE is called DUSK, when do we sleep?

Solution:

• Normally, we sleep at NIGHT.

• According to the code:

▪ NIGHT → SUNSHINE

Answer: SUNSHINE

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Question 11:

I. 1 3 4 means GOOD AND TASTY

II. 4 7 8 means SEE GOOD PICTURES
III. 7 2 9 means PICTURES ARE FAINT

Which of the following stands for SEE?

Solution

Compare the codes:

• Sentences I and II:

• 1 3 4 → GOOD AND TASTY

• 4 7 8 → SEE GOOD PICTURES

• Common number between I & II: 4

• Common word between the sentences: GOOD

So, 4 = GOOD

Compare remaining numbers

• Sentence II: 4 7 8 → SEE GOOD PICTURES

▪ We know 4 = GOOD

▪ Remaining numbers: 7, 8 → remaining words: SEE, PICTURES

• Sentence III: 7 2 9 → PICTURES ARE FAINT

▪ Common number between II & III: 7

▪ Common word between II & III: PICTURES

So, 7 = PICTURES

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Find SEE

• From sentence II: 4 7 8 → SEE GOOD PICTURES

• 4 = GOOD

• 7 = PICTURES

• Remaining number 8 = SEE

Answer: 8 = SEE

Q 12. In a certain language, WEAK is coded as 9%2$ and SKIT is coded as #$7@, then how
will WAIT be coded in the same language?

Given:

• WEAK → 9%2$

• SKIT → #$7@

From the given codes:

Letter Code

W 9

E %

A 2

K $

S #

I 7

T @

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Now, for WAIT:

• W→9

• A→2

• I→7

• T→@

Therefore, WAIT → 927@

Answer: 927@

Q 13. In a certain code, THEN is coded as VFGL. How the WORD may be coded?

Sol:

Analyze the pattern

Compare THEN → VFGL:

Letter Code Pattern

T V +2

H F -2

E G +2

N L -2

Pattern: Letters are shifted alternately +2 and -2:

• 1st letter: +2

• 2nd letter: -2

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• 3rd letter: +2

• 4th letter: -2

Apply the same pattern to WORD

• W → 1st letter → +2 → Y

• O → 2nd letter → -2 → M

• R → 3rd letter → +2 → T

• D → 4th letter → -2 → B

Combine the letters

WORD → YMTB

Answer: YMTB

Coding - decoding & IQ past papers (mod)

ASSISTANT DIRECTOR (BS-17) MOD | 2015

Q 1. Find the odd-one out.

(A) Lion (B) Tiger

(C) Cow (D) Leopard

Solution:

• Lion, Tiger, and Leopard are carnivorous wild animals.

• Cow is a domestic herbivore.

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Answer: C) Cow

Q 2. Cars have mirrors __________.

(A) To see the cars which are ahead (C) To see the different sights
(B) To see the people in the cars (D) To see the cars coming behind

Sol:

• Rear-view and side mirrors allow drivers to see traffic coming from behind.

Answer: D) To see the cars coming behind

Q 3. What will come next?

• 7+2−1=H
• 22 + 6 − 5 = W
• 11 + 6 − 2 = ?

(A) N (B) P

(C) O (D) M

Sol:

Observe pattern:

• The number result is being mapped to a letter of the alphabet where A=1, B=2, …
Z=26.

• 7+2−1=8→H
• 22 + 6 − 5 = 23 → W
• 11 + 6 − 2 = 15 → 15th letter = O

Answer: C) O

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Q 4. If Murshid is smaller than Azhar, but taller than Ahmed. Who is the tallest of the
three?

(A) Ahmed (B) Murshid (C) Azhar (D) None of the above

Sol:

• Murshid < Azhar

• Murshid > Ahmed

• Therefore, Azhar is the tallest.

Answer: C) Azhar

Q 5. What comes next in the series?

• AZBBZCCCZDDD ?

(A) Z (B) E (C) D (D) F

Sol:

Series: AZBBZCCCZDDD

Observation:

• Between each block of letters, there is a Z.

• Each letter repeats a number of times equal to its position in the alphabet.

Step 1: Check each letter

1. A → 1st letter → appears 1 time → A

2. B → 2nd letter → appears 2 times → BB

3. C → 3rd letter → appears 3 times → CCC

4. D → 4th letter → appears 4 times → DDDD

The Z separates each group.

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Series with separators: A Z BB Z CCC Z DDDD

So, next letter is D

Answer: (C) D

Q 6. Athlete is to training as

(A) mercenary is to money (D) child is to parent

(B) porpoise is to sea (E) adult is to child
(C) student is to studying

Sol:

Reasoning:

• An athlete’s main activity is training.

• Similarly, a student’s main activity is studying.

Answer: Student is to studying (C)

Q 7. Cotton is to Quilt as ______ is to blanket.

(A) Wool (B) Pillow (C) Silk (D) Softness

Sol:

Reasoning:

• A quilt is made of cotton.

• A blanket is usually made of wool.

Answer: Wool (A)

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Q 8. Select the correct figure to complete the series:

Answer: E

Q 9. If GOLFER is coded as EOJFCR then STUCK will be coded as:

(A) UTCWM (C) QTSCI

(B) UTWCM (D) QTCIS

Sol:

The coding pattern from GOLFER → EOJFCR is:

Compare each letter:

Now compare position-wise:

• G (7) → E (5) = –2

• O (15) → O (15) = 0

• L (12) → J (10) = –2

• F (6) → F (6) = 0

• E (5) → C (3) = –2

• R (18) → R (18) = 0

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So the rule is:

Alternate letters → –2, 0, –2, 0, –2, 0

Applying the same to STUCK:

• S → Q (2 back)

• T → T (no change)

• U → S (2 back)

• C → C (no change)

• K → I (2 back)

So, STUCK → QTSCI

Answer: (C) QTSCI

Q 10. Complete the series:

• D, F, H, J, ______

(A) K (B) L (C) M (D) N (E) I

Sol:

• The series is increasing by 2 letters in alphabetical order:

D→F→H→J→L

Answer: (B) L

Q 11. Which one is different from others?

(A) CE (B) EG (C) AC (D) JL (E) IJ

Sol:

Explanation:
All other pairs (CE, EG, AC, JL) have one letter in between them in the alphabet:

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Let’s analyze each pair using alphabetical positions:

• A=1

• C=3

• E=5

• G=7

• I=9

• J = 10

• L = 12

Now check the difference between letters in each pair:

• CE → C (3), E (5) → Difference = 2

• EG → E (5), G (7) → Difference = 2

• AC → A (1), C (3) → Difference = 2

• JL → J (10), L (12) → Difference = 2

• IJ → I (9), J (10) → Difference = 1

All pairs have a difference of 2 except IJ, which has a difference of 1.

This confirms IJ is different.

Answer: (E) IJ

Q 12. Select the grouping which is different from the rest.

(A) GHJ (D) WXZ

(B) RSV (E) MNP
(C) BCE

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Sol:

Look at the pattern in each group

(A) GHJ

G (7), H (8), J (10)

Pattern: +1, +2

(B) RSV

R (18), S (19), V (22)

Pattern: +1, +3

(C) BCE

B (2), C (3), E (5)

Pattern: +1, +2

(D) WXZ

W (23), X (24), Z (26)

Pattern: +1, +2

(E) MNP

M (13), N (14), P (16)

Pattern: +1, +2

Compare patterns

• All groups except RSV have the pattern +1, +2 between letters.

• RSV has +1, +3, which makes it different.

Answer: B) RSV

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Q 12. Imperceptible is to notice as

(A) intangible is to touch (D) enviable is to foresee

(B) insoluble is to discern (E) assuage is to repair
(C) invisible is to sense
Solution:

• Imperceptible means cannot be perceived, so opposite action is notice.

• Similarly, intangible cannot be touched.

Answer: A – intangible is to touch

ASSISTANT DIRECTOR (BS-17) MOD | 2017

Q 1. Which one of the five things below does NOT belong with the others?

(A) Rose (D) Grape

(B) Violet (E) Morning-glory
(C) Pansy
Sol:

Logic:

• Rose, Violet, Pansy, Morning-glory → flowers

• Grape → fruit

Answer: (D) Grape

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Q 2. Which word does NOT belong with the others?

(A) Defendant (D) Judge

(B) Prosecutor (E) Attorney
(C) Trial
Sol (Logic):

• Defendant, Prosecutor, Judge, Attorney → persons involved in court

• Trial → process/event, not a person

Answer: (C) Trial

Q 3. If A = –50 and B = –25, then:

(A) A > B (C) A = B

(B) A < B (D) A is not divisible by B

Sol:

Given:

• A = −50
• B = −25

On number line:

• −50 is less than −25

• So, A < B

Answer: (B) A < B

Q 4. If A = 1, FAT = 27, then FAITH = ?

(A) 42 (C) 41
(B) 44 (D) 40

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Sol:

Given:

• A=1
• FAT = 27

Check pattern (alphabet positions):

• F=6
• A=1
• T = 20
• 6 + 1 + 20 = 27

Now calculate FAITH:

• F=6
• A=1
• I=9
• T = 20
• H=8

Total = 6 + 1 + 9 + 20 + 8 = 44

Answer: (B) 44

Q 5. If the word STOVE is written as FNBLK, how will VOTES be written in that code?

(A) FLKBN (C) LKBNK

(B) LBKNF (D) LKBNF

Sol:

STOVE → FNBLK gives the mapping:

• S→F

• T→N

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• O→B

• V→L

• E→K

Applying this to VOTES:

• V→L

• O→B

• T→N

• E→K

• S→F

So VOTES → LBNKF.

This is a letter-by-letter substitution using the same mapping, not a positional

rearrangement.

Answer: LBNKF

Q 6. Sentence, Letter, Paragraph, Word, Chapter

If the above words were arranged in order, with what letter would the MIDDLE word
begin?

(A) C (D) P
(B) S (E) W
(C) L
Sol:

Arrange in logical order

• Letter (smallest unit)

• Word

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• Sentence

• Paragraph

• Chapter

Find the middle word

• Middle = 3rd word = Sentence

First letter of “Sentence” = S

Answer: S (B)

Q 7. X is midway between Y and Z. The distance between X and Y is 6 cm. Then what will
be the distance between Y and Z?

(A) 3 cm (C) 9 cm
(B) 6 cm (D) 12 cm

Sol:

Given:

• X is midway between Y and Z.

• Distance between X and Y = 6 cm

Understanding "midway"

• If X is midway between Y and Z, it means X is exactly in the middle, so:

𝑋𝑌 = 𝑋𝑍

Find distance between Y and Z

𝑌𝑍 = 𝑋𝑌 + 𝑋𝑍 = 6 + 6 = 12 𝑐𝑚

Answer: 12 cm

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Q 8. If “–” means addition, “×” means division, “+” means multiplication and “÷” means
minus, then: 16 ÷ 2 × 2 – 20 + 5 = ?

(A) –85 (C) 120

(B) 115 (D) 110

Sol:

Given:

• “−” means addition

• “×” means division

• “+” means multiplication

• “÷” means minus

Expression:

16 ÷ 2 × 2 − 20 + 5

Replace symbols with their meanings

• ÷→−

• ×→÷

• −→+

• +→×

So expression becomes:

16 − 2 ÷ 2 + 20 × 5

= 115

Answer: (B) 115

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Q 9. Which expression tells best just what a floor is?

(A) Part of a house (D) The lower part of a room

(B) An inverted wall (E) Something to step on
(C) It is made of wood
Logic:

• The floor is the surface you walk on in a room.

• Option (E) is the most precise description.

Answer: (E) Something to step on

ASSISTANT DIRECTOR (BS-17) MOD | 2020

Q 1. What number comes next in the following series?

ABCD, BCDE, CDEF, DEFG?

(A) EFGH (C) GHEF

(B) EFHG (D) EFGHI

Sol:

Pattern:

Each term shifts one letter forward in the alphabet.

Check the pattern

• First group: A B C D

• Second group: B C D E → shift each letter +1

• Third group: C D E F → shift +1 again

• Fourth group: D E F G → shift +1 again

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So the pattern is: each next term shifts all letters by +1 alphabetically

• Next → EFGH

Answer: (A) EFGH

Q 2. IF 35261 stands for "Tears", then 153 stands for:

(A) Set (C) Tes

(B) Ste (D) Est

Sol:

From 35261 = TEARS

So match digits with letters:

• 3→T
• 5→E
• 2→A
• 6→R
• 1→S

Now decode 153:

• 1→S
• 5→E
• 3→T

So 153 = SET

Answer: (A) Set

Q 3. Tight is to loose as Hard is to ____________

(A) Stone (C) Difficult

(B) Soft (D) Carbon

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Sol:

“Tight” and “Loose” are opposites (antonyms).

Opposite of Hard is Soft.
Answer: Soft

Q 4. If “ROAD” is coded as “WTFI”. Select the appropriate code for “BEAT”.

a) URDG c) TQCF
b) UREG d) GJFY

Sol:

Analysis:
Compare letters of ROAD → WTFI:

• R (18) → W (23) → +5

• O (15) → T (20) → +5

• A (1) → F (6) → +5

• D (4) → I (9) → +5

Pattern: Each letter +5 positions

Apply the same to BEAT:

• B→G

• E→J

• A→F

• T→Y

Answer: GJFY

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Q 5. Find the letter which is as far behind N in the alphabet as first E is behind the second
E in the word EXCOMMUNICATE.

a) A c) C
b) B d) Z

Sol:

Analysis:

• Word: EXCOMMUNICATE

• First E occurs at position 1

• Second E occurs at position 13

• Distance = 13 − 1 = 12 letters

Now, move 12 letters backward from N (N = 14th letter in alphabet):

• 14 − 12 = 2 → Letter B

Answer: B

Q 6. Identify the odd one out.

a) Apple c) Carrot
b) Banana d) Date

Sol:

Options: Apple, Banana, Carrot, Date

• Apple, Banana, Date → fruits

• Carrot → vegetable

Answer: Carrot

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Q 7. Monkey, Ape, Chimpanzee.

a) They are herbivorous animals

b) They are vertebrates
c) They are primates
d) They all live on trees

Sol:

• They are not all herbivorous (some are omnivorous)

• All three are primates (biological classification)

Answer: They are primates

Q 8. Year is to Month as Week is to ______.

a) Day c) Minutes
b) Hours d) Fortnight

Sol:

Analysis:

• 1 year contains months.

• 1 week contains days.

Answer: Day

Q 9. If you are the eleventh in a queue starting from either side, how many persons are
there in the queue?

a) Twenty-one c) Eleven
b) Twenty d) Twenty-two

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Sol:

Analysis:

• If your position is the same counting from either end, the total number of persons = 2 ×
position − 1

• Here, position = 11 → Total = 2 × 11 − 1 = 22 − 1 = 21

Answer: Twenty-one

Q 10. FAIR is to FARE as HAIR is to ______.

a) RAY c) TAIL
b) SPEND d) HARE

Sol:

Logic:
FAIR → FARE (letters I and E are interchanged)

Apply same pattern:

• HAIR → HARE

Answer: HARE

Q 11. Point out the last letter of the correct word formed by the following jumbled
spelling: SUNIGLES

a) U c) I
b) S d) E

Sol:

From the letters S U N I G L E S, several 7-letter words can be formed, such as:

• gunless → ends with S

• gunsels → ends with S

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• lungies → ends with S

• nisguls → ends with S

• silenus → ends with S

• singles → ends with S (most common and meaningful word)

• slueing → ends with G

• insulse → ends with E

Among all these, “SINGLES” is the most correct, standard, and widely accepted English word
formed from SUNIGLES.

Answer: S

Q 12. Write the middle letter: B C D E F G H

(A) D (C) E

(B) C (D) F

Sol:

Sequence has 7 letters:

B (1), C (2), D (3), E (4), F (5), G (6), H (7)

Answer: (C) E
(In an odd series, the middle letter is the 4th one → E)

Q 12. Room is to House as Apartment is to:

(A) Table (C) Kitchen

(B) Building (D) City

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Sol:

Logic:

• A room is a part of a house

• An apartment is a part of a building

Answer: (B) Building

Q 13. Which choice provides the answer?

“Cow is to calf as horse is to ______.”

(A) Mare (C) Cock

(B) Dog (D) Colt

Sol:

Relationship: Parent → Young one

• Calf = young one of a cow

• Colt = young one of a horse

Answer: Colt

Q 14. Which object is different from others in the following collection?

(A) Teacher (C) Principal

(B) Professor (D) Student

Sol:

Logic:

• Teacher, Professor, Principal → teaching/administrative roles

• Student → learner, not a teaching authority

Answer: (D) Student

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ASSISTANT DIRECTOR (BS-17) MOD | 2022

Q 1. Goat, Cow, Buffalo:

a) They are all fat. c) They all give milk.

b) They are all found all over the d) They all have red and brown
world. color.

Sol:

• They all give milk.

• Other options like “all fat,” “all found worldwide,” or “red and brown” are not strictly true.

Answer: They all give milk

Explanation: The primary characteristic linking these animals is that they are milk-yielding
animals.

Q 2. Brush is to painting as Pencil is to ______.

a) Notebook c) Map
b) Book d) Drawing

Sol:

• A brush is used to make a painting, so a pencil is used to make a drawing.

Answer: drawing

Explanation: This is an instrument → product relationship.

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Q 3. What do all the books have?

a) Pages c) Verses
b) Pictures d) Questions

Sol:

• Books universally have pages.

Answer: pages

Explanation: Regardless of type, a book is made up of pages.

Q 4. Heavy is to Light as Ugly is to ______.

a) Beautiful c) Soft
b) Smooth d) Wood

Sol:

• “Heavy” and “Light” are opposites. Similarly, the opposite of “Ugly” is Beautiful.

Answer: beautiful

Explanation: This is an antonym (opposite meaning) relationship.

Q 5. Rearrange the letters of the jumbled word to spell a word: OGNAM

a) Mango c) Ago
b) Ego d) man

Sol:

• Rearranging gives MANGO.

Answer: Mango

Q 6. JANUARY : WINTER as:

a) June : Summer c) Spring : September

b) Summer : June d) February : Autum

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Sol:

• January is in Winter, so the analogy is month : season.

• June : Summer is the correct pair.

Answer: June : Summer

Q7. If A is smaller than B, but taller than C and D, who is the tallest of the three?

a) B c) C

b) D d) A

Sol:

• A<B
• A > C and A > D
• Therefore, B is the tallest.

Answer: B

PRACTICE EXERCISES

1. In a certain code, COMPUTER is written as RFUVQNPC. How is MEDICINE written in the

same code?

A. EOJDEJFM D. EOJDJEFM
B. MFEJDJOE E. None of these
C. MFEDJJOE
Answer: D
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2. If in a certain language FASHION is coded as FOIHSAN, how is PROBLEM coded in that

code?

A. PELBROM D. RPBOELM
B. PRBOELM E. ROBLEMP
C. PELBORM
Answer: C

3. If CIGARETTE is coded as GICERAETT, then DIRECTION will be coded as

A. NOIETCRID D. NORTECDII
B. RIDTCENOI E. None of these
C. IRDCTIONE
Answer: B

4. According to a military code, SYSTEM is SYSMET and NEARER is AENRER. What is the
code for FRACTION?

A. CARFNOIT D. ARFCNOIT
B. CARFTION E. CARFNOIT
C. FRACNOIT
Answer: A

5. In a certain code, TRIPPLE is written as SQHOOKD. How is DISPOSE written in that

code?

A. DSOESPI D. ESJTPTF
B. CHRONRD E. None of these
C. ESOPSID
Answer: B

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6. If FRAGRANCE is written as SBHSBODFG, how can IMPOSING be written?

A. NQTPJOHJ D. NQPTJOHJ
B. NQPTJHOJ E. None of these
C. NQPTJOHI
Answer: D

7. If in a certain language KINDLE is coded as ELDNIK, how is EXOTIC coded in that code?

A. EOXITC D. COXITE
B. EXOTLC E. CXOTIE
C. CITOXE
Answer: C

8. In a certain code, MONKEY is written as XDJMNL. How is TIGER written in that code?

A. UJHFS D. QDFHS
B. SDFHS E. None of these
C. SHFDQ
Answer: D

9. If in a certain code, TEACHER is written as VGCEJGT, how would DULLARD be written in

the same code?

A. FWNNCSF D. FWNNBTE
B. FWNNCTF E. None of these
C. FWMNCTF
Answer: B

10. In a certain code, PAPER is written as SCTGW. How is MOTHER written in that code?

A. ORVLGW D. PQXKJV
B. PQXJJT E. None of these
C. PQVJGT

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Answer: B

11. If VICTORY is coded as YLFWRUB, how can SUCCESS be coded?

A. VXFFHVV D. VYEEHVV
B. VXEEIVV E. None of these
C. VYEFIVV
Answer: A

12. In a certain code, SUBSTITUTION is written as ITSBUSNOITUT. How is DISTRIBUTION

written in that code?

A. IRTDISNOIUTB D. IRTSIDNOITUB
B. 1RTSIDNOIBUT E. None of these
C. IRTDISNOITUB
Answer: D

3. If in a code language, COULD is written as BNTKC and MARGIN is written as LZQFHM,

how will MOULDING be written in that code?

A. NITKHCMF D. LNTKCHMF
B. CHMFINTK E. None of these
C. LNKTCHMF
Answer: D

14. If in a certain language, COUNSEL is coded as BITIRAK, how is GUIDANCE written in

that code?

A. FOHYZJBB D. FPHZZKAB
B. EOHYZKBB E. None of these
C. HOHYBJBA
Answer: A
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15. If in a certain language, GAMBLE is coded as FBLCKF, how is FLOWER coded in that
code?

A. HNQYGT D. EMNXDS
B. GMPVDS E. EKNVDQ
C. GKPVFQ
Answer: D

-End-

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