So _ = EnvironmentalEssential ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES For Class] GOYAL BROTHERS PRAKASHANChennai Guwal GOYAL BROTHERS PRAKASHAN EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS Sales & Rogistored Office 19/1903, Chuna Mandi, Paharganj, New Delhi - 110055 Post Box : 5720, Phones : 23584658 & 23582812 E-mail : info@[Link] website : [Link] Administrative Office 0-231, Sector 63, Noida-201301 (U.P.) Phone : 0120-3830000, Fax : 0120-3830001 BRANCHES * BL-Y, Shop No, Dev Castle, Opp. Radhe Krishna Complex, Jay Mala Society Road (Opp. St. Mary's School), Govindwadi, Isanpur, Maninagar, Ahmedabad-383443, Mobile: 09925004030 No. 80/39, Ground Floor, Five Furlong Road, Guindy, ‘Chennai-600 032 (Tamil Nadu) Phones : 044-22552776, 044-22552767 hati: Plot No. 1179, KRB Road, Bharalumukh, near Post Office, Railway Gate No. 8 Guwahati-781009 (Assam), Phone 0361-2735337 Hyderabad : F-7/8/41, First Floor, Agarwal Chambers, 5-9-1121, King Kothi Road, Hyderabad - 500001 Tele-fax : 23211332 Kochi + Cheliyanthara House, Maplassery Road, Vyttla PO., Kochi - 682019 (Kerala) Phone : 0484-2305288 Kolkata + No, 203, 2nd Floor, Fomra Towers, 84-A, Acharya Jagdish Chandra Bose Road, Kolkata - 700014 Phone : 033-22262683 SHOWROOMS Bengaluru: 1681/5/4, Ground Floor, 3rd Main Ramamohanapuram, Bengaluru - 560 021, Phone : 080-23320655 Bhopal + Plot No. 203, Zone-ll, M.P. 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Published & Printed by Roshan Lal Goyal for Goyal Brothers Prakashan, New DelhiThe Exeentisl Environmental Studies for Chaves 1 2 is based on the latest currieslom Prepared and recommended by the ( owneil for the Indian Sehant ( ertifiente F camination New Delhi. tn this new curriculum for Cleese | and 2, Fnvironmentit Stidiew haw been Wentified as 9 core curricular area, focueing on natural, social and coltural environment on ‘an integrated manner. ‘Objectives of teaching-learning of Environmental Studies in Claeses | & 7 are co © Leam about the environment ‘© Leam through the environment. © Lear for the environment. ‘© Enhance/promote curiosity and creativity in relation to the surroundings. ‘© Develop an appreciation for diversity in the immediate surroundings. a re any a society, The present series has been developed and designed keeping in mind the above objectives The series promotes learning by asking appropriate questions, and carrying out discussions: with adults at home, in school and among themselves. This approach has been adopted because it has been increasingly felt that children learn more through talking, observing anc discussing with other people -both adults and children. ‘Some salient features of these books are : © The books contain Exercises and Activities throughout the text that will stimulate the thinking of the children and encourage them to frame their own questions in their quest for knowledge. ‘© The text is in simple and lucid language with eye-catching illustrations. ‘© It gradually extends the child’s understanding of his/her world, beginning from ‘the immediate ‘self to include the family, the neighbourhood, the locality and alse the country. ‘© It develops understanding about biological, social and cultural aspects of life by citing examples from everyday life. ‘ It inculeates sensitivity for environment and life, and love for nature. Features of Online Support : + Chapervise Animated Explanation ofall he hey coneenegP) ys aaa « Chapter-wise Worksheets » Test Paper Generator (only for teachers) We are sure that these books would serve the purpose for which they are intended. We would welcome your esteemed suggestions for further improvement.SYLLABUS THEME 1 : ABOUT ME THEME 2 : OTHERS IN MY WORLDTHEME 3 : MY NEEDS - FOOD WE EAT THEME 4 : MY NEEDS - WATER LEARNING OUTCOMES : ‘Children will be able to : ‘name and identify various sources of water available at home/in the surroundings; describe the various uses of water in the family; describe simple properties of water (observable distinguish activities done with water and without water, identify and name the vessels used to store water at home/school; give reasons for storage of water at home; appreciate the re-use of water related activities; discuss ways to avoid wastage of water. THEME 5: KEY CONCEPTS Uses of water in the family. Sources of water at home and in the surroundings. Storage of water in the family. Need for storage of water. ‘Simple properties of water (colour, taste, smell, shape). Activities done with and without water in the family. Need for judicious use of water, reuse of water in the family. MY NEEDS ~ SHELTERTHEME 6 : MY NEEDS = CLOTHING Children will be able to : ‘need and importance of clothing for human beings, share and name various kinds of clothesidresses ‘worn by them and their family members; ‘identify the kinds of clothes/ dresses wom by them and their family members; E Aifferentiate the different Kind of dresses wom in Aifferent seasons/ festivals / on other occasions; appreciate the importance of clothes in daily life. KEY CONCEPTS Need for clothes for human beings. Dresses wort by self and fhinily members, schoo uniform, name of clothes worn by males and fornates at home, Variety of clothos/dresses worn in different seasons, ‘occasions (festivals), by self/fiamily members, Care of clothed dresses (cleanliness). THEME 7 : MY NEEDS - AIR THEME 6 - KEEPING ONESELF CLEAN, SAFE AND HEALTHY ‘Chilidren will be able to : ® demonstrate personal bygiene of body and clothes; demonstrate healthy habits and safety in school/ ‘home playground, st out reasons for maumtauning 4 bealthy body; ¢ show awareness of self-protection, differennate between good and bad touch by Persons at home, relatives im the neighbourhood / Public places, schoo! ® demonstrate ewereness and need for clean surroundings. © participate in recreational activines (games, play) * discuss personal problems wich family members, © demonstrate sumple exercises’ asanas for keeping the body beaithy, Y CONCEPTS © Personal hygiene (hand wash, ‘body, nail, teeth, hair, clothes), Cleanliness in the house and surroundings. ‘Use of dustbin in Houselschoot How to keep dey beating Ry poe aranes ee Jndoor and outdoor games for recreation Safety at home and outside, Good/had towel, Safery at public placesTHEME 9 LEARNING OUTCOMES + Children will be able to: ‘© discuss the roles played by various people in these ies by people © appreciate the role played by the people in keeping ‘these places clean, © discuss the role of each place in day-to-day life; ‘© demonstrate how to behave in public places THEME 10 PLACES IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD KEY CONCEPTS © Various places Market, Honpitae, Parks, Banks, Pine atom, Post office, Ba Stop, Railway Station © Peaple invatved sith varione professions (Policeman, [Doetne, Nurse, Teacher Crardener, Milleman, Driver, Bae! Train comeuetor) 8 Role of commamty member mth ip kong of ge aos PLANTS THEME 11: ANIMALS KEY CONCEPTS © Animals seen in the children’s surroundings. © Pet, wild and domestic animals. ‘© Care and compassion for pet animals. ‘© Name some common birds seen in the surroundings. ‘© Some common animals/birds living in water, land, air ‘(name only). “© Sounds of some familiar animals and birds. ° ae ge omen eeeTHEME 13 : COMMUNICATION ‘Children will be able to : © enlist different ways of communication used in the — ® discuss (with elders) the more common ways of ‘communication used by the family; © identify and discuss other ways of communication eveilable in the surroundings, discuss uses of various ways of communication; ‘identify uses and misuses of ICT Communication. EY CONC Means of communication at home, in the neighbourhood, (Radio, TV, Newspaper). Different ways of communication. Uses, misuse of communication. Use of ICT in Communication (email, SMS, internet at the awareness level only). THEME 14 : THE WORLD AROUND ME (SUN, MOON, SKY AND STARS) LEARNING OUTCOMES : Chilidren will be able to ® identify the heavenly bodies seen in the moming and at night in the sky; . Se ee eee nen mm, ve nd ‘sars) in their own words; © draw pictures of the sun, moon and stars and colour them; © discuss and differentiate between sunny, cloudy, winter, summer and rainy days’ experiences in their own words; describe and differentiate between summer, winter Y CONCEPTS ‘Sky in the moming, aftemoon and evening. Cloudy and sunny days, ‘Sky in the night-stars, moon. Sun in the summer, winter, and rainy days, ‘Weather in suramer, winter and monsoons,CONTENTS Chapter 1. Myself ieataier: 8 Chapter 2. My Body peat Chapter 3. My Senses aT Chapter 4. My Likes, Dislikes and Hobbies. un Chapter(5) My Family Chapter 6. My Friends and Neighbours Chapter 7. Festivals are Fun S88 Chapter 8. The Food We Eat pea a1 Chapter 9. Respect the Food ae 46 eee Chapter 10. Water to Use on 51 Chapter 11. Store the Water Pee 55 Chapter 12. Types of Houses Chapter My Dream House Chapter 14. Clothing a 68Chapter 15. ir he Chapter 16. Clean, Safe andHealthy =.» 78 . Chapter 17. My Neighbourhood. 83 Chapter 48, People Who HelpUs ... 88 Chapter 19. Plants Around Us Chapter 20. Amazing World of Animals .. 95 @o Chapter 21) Means of Transport 89 Chapter 22. Means of Communication ... ... 104 g Chapter 23. Sun, Moon, Sky and Stars... ... 108ase This is Rita. Rita is a girl. She is six years old. This is Rohan. Rohan is a boy. He is eight years old. My name is __ a Tama See a Gin) Boy) Paste your am years old. photograph here My father’s name is || My mother’s name is ‘| |B ovestion time Fill in the blanks : My birthday is on The name of my school is My home address is My telephone number is Colour this ~ picture, if you areaboy _ Colour this picture, if youWW 2 My Body Our body has many parts. Each part has a different name. Some of them are shown below. Cheek Nose Shoulder Chest -«—— Elbow Wrist Hand Fingers = Legs. FootEach body part has a different function. Our mouth helps us to speak. Our legs help us to walk and run. Our hands help us to hold, write, clap and draw. We watch things with the help of our eyes. Our ears help us to hear. Povestiontine A. Tick (“) the right number : I have (a) 2 eyes 3 eyes (b) 2 ears 3 ears lal (c) 10 fingers 20 fingers r (@) 4 hands 2hands [| (e) 1 nose 2 noses (f) 2 legs ea 4 legs ralB. Given below are pictures of some parts of the body. Circle the name of the picture. (a) (a) hand Ley opw J [jOfn Py @ wing F [] © tail ~J leg 4 D. Name your body parts that are in pairs : BE Activy Time A. Look at the picture and label the following parts : C LJB. 2. in front of a mirror. See how your face looks when you cry, smile, laugh, become sad @ © © or angry. Draw your expressions on a paper. C. Match the body parts which help us in different functions: '& £ mt” +s “ & bo . Seee 3 My Senses We have five sense organs. These are our five friends. They help us to know the things around us. Our sense organs are: Eyes ae Nose g Ears 9) Tongue > Skin Our eyes help us to see the things.Our ears help us to hear, & be Our nose helps us to smell. (e ” zB; Our tongue helps us to taste. Our skin helps us to feel. & fhBouestion time A. Tick (“) the sense organs you use when you do the following 1. Watch TV 2. Eat sweets @ @& 6 Dz 3. Listen to a song le - 9 em e 8 4. Smell a perfume 5, Feel the softness wiz sireB. Match the following : 1. Eyes (a) 2. Ears (b) 3. Nose (c) 4. Skin (d) 5. Tongue (e) C. Find out which parts of the body are missing. Draw the missing parts. 0000 SP ketnty Time A. Find out the names of / all five fingers of your hand. Take the help of your teacher. Ch teed GD B. How to clean your sense organs? 1, Nose 2. Eyes 3. Ears 4. TongueSl 4y My Likes, Dislikes and Hobbies v ps Tam Kohana, it am Shourya: Pa ¢ T love to play ‘ Tam Harsh. Cwith nye doll, % a -g T love to 4 toy ce 3 ride my bicycle. > + a 1 The to oe Sou ‘the DeIpiantsy, 2 é Tike to Pers 5 the birds. _/ eo ~— Some children like to play in the park. Some other like to watch cartoons on the television. They enjoy the things which they like. Richa likes to eat mangoes, but her brother Richie dislikes mangoes. He likes to eat grapes. We all like different things. We have our own likes and dislikes.Most of the children like — e Playing with friends. e Role-playing as father, mother or teachers. Playing with - i : friends in a park e Drawing and colouring the pictures. e Walking with parents or siblings. e Playing with animals or pets. A child drawing and colouring e Playing around plants and flowers. e Dancing and listening to the music. Playing with a pet Sometimes a child does not want to eat a fruit or vegetable. He/she dislikes it. Some children dislike to eat eggs. Shubhi dislikes to eat carrots. But she likes to eat beetroots. Vedant dislikes to play with blocks. But he likes to play with toy tools. A boy with toy-toolsSome people read books in free time. Some children regularly draw the pictures in free time. Such a habit is called a hobby. Ashu collects stamps. It is his hobby. A child reading book Monika goes for swimming in free time. Swimming is her hobby. My grandfather’s hobby is gardening. My mother’s hobby is writing stories. Grandfather in a gardenPorestion tine A. Answer the questions : 1. What do you like to eat in your food? Name them. 2. What do you dislike to eat? Name them. 3. What do you like to play? 4. What is your hobby?B. Fill in the blanks - _ with me. 1. My mother likes to play Ss 2. My father’s hobby is 3. I like to eat on my birthday. SP Acinty Time A. I like to do in the school (tick Y them) : ioo . Colour the given picture. C. Ask your friends about their hobbies and fill in the box given below S. no Friend Hobby a.a 5 My Family Zo AN, (Zam Harish. ) pepecenieshetl (a ada | Dom Rohan's 4 T live with my vs mesuerty father. mother, father I oe s ister. x and sister. / ‘ ie ose oe pe aa a es ye Iam Usha.) (Tam Rohan's crane ng Rohan’s mother and father are his parents. Rohanis their son. His sister is their daughter. —~ a We are a family. (We area cml ae gy) Rohan’s father likes to ae football. Rohan’s mother likes to dance. Sweety’s hobby is to sing songs. Rohan loves to play piano. A family lives together in a house. Members of a family look after each other.Variation in Family All families are different, In some families, there are many children. In some families there is only one child. A family having one or two children iscalleda small or nuclear family. Nuclear Family A family having more than two children is called a big family. Big Family In a joint family, grandfather, grandmother, mother, father, uncle, aunt and their children live together. Joint FamilyMy friend Mohan has two brothers and two sisters. He has a big family. A. Answer the questions : 1. How many members are there in your family? 2. What would you call your family? Small family Big family Joint family B. A family tree tells us about the members of a family. Write the names of your family members here.C. We all love our family. We can not live without them. Paste a photograph of your family. ebevescoceency iwc < if i i i : i 1 i i i i i i i w io]BP rctivty Time A, What do you like to do with your family? Tick (7) in the boxes : 2h 2. B. Do your grandparents live with you? If not, where do they live?6 My Friends and Neighbours : > There are many families near (t 2 my house. They are my o \ neighbours. =| _~ The houses built close to each other make up a neighbourhood. All friends living in my neighbourhood have different types of families. Some have small families. Some have big ones. And some live in joint families. This is Nita’s family. She has a joint family. This is Rajan’s family. He has a Nuclear family.This is Tony's family. He has a big family. Do you know what are the qualities of a good neighbour? ° Good neighbours always help each other in times of need. e They celebrate festivals together. e They do not throw garbage in the neighbourhood. ¢ They always try to keep the neighbourhood clean and green. e They never play loud music that might disturb their neighbours. Are you a good neighbour? eo All the children in my neighbourhood ») 3 SS are my friends. We play pestis We all celebrate festivals togethPets are animals that live with us in our home. They are Part of our extended family. Dogs and cats are common pets Rabbit, fish and parrot are some other pets. x om Rabbit ow ‘ ‘arrot We should take good care of our pets. a T love my pet ‘dog nowy. BE Now tow * Houses built close to each other make up a ‘neighbourhood’. ° Families living in the neighbourhood are called ‘neighbours’. * Good neighbours always help each other in times of need. ¢ Pets are the animals that live with us in our homes. ° Dog, cat, rabbit, fish and parrot are some common pets.Boiestiontine A. Tick (“) mark the ones which show the qualities of a good neighbour. B. Write the information about any four of your good friends in the table given. 8. No] ~~ Name of the | Kind of Family | friend Small/Big/Joint a. 2. 3. al ie | feepolthayihayelabves aan If yes, which one? | (dog, cat, parrot, rabbit)FP Acthty Tine H in the * Make an 'ECO-FRIENDLY CLUB? with your friends in neighbourhood. * Discuss three steps that can be taken to make the neighbourhood clean and green, * Draw and colour a picture of dustbin.7 Festivals are Fun A festival is a special occasion , c i 7 of celebration. Thave many friends _——~ We celebrate many festivals (together with great joy Most of the festivals are religious festivals. We celebrate them with our family members, friends and neighbours. We enjoy and have lots of fun together. We share gifts and eat special types of foods. Some well known festivals are — Ea Bal Diwali Christmas Gurupurva Onam Ganesh Chaturthi Durga Puja BeehuWe naed recreation. f Recreation means All en and a ’ the activities we do no play makes ourselves. us dull, freien We get tired after work, So, we need to refresh a, We do this by having fun with our family and friends. Watching TV Going tothe 700 ( Going to fairs py y 2 es i Going for a picnic “tl : Sometimes, there are weddings in the family. Many people come together to bless the couple. We also have lots of fun at weddings.Sometimes, we have a family get-together. All my cousins, uncles and aunts come over. We have a great time. During my summer vacations, we all go to a hill station to enjoy ourselves. occasions of joy and celebration. Christmas, Onam, Gurupurva and ames, readingBorestiontine A. Write ‘TY for true and ‘F’ for false. 1. We get tired after work. 2. Festivals are special occasions of celebration. L 3. Recreation makes us feel tired. | 4. Playing games makes us healthy. B. Write your favourites, 1. Your favourite indoor game Sa 2. Your favourite outdoor cane) ae a 3. Your favourite storybook ——— 4. Your favourite festive food $$$ 5. Your favourite festival. —— A. Learn this poem. “Flying-man, Flying-man, Up in the sky, where are you going to, Flying so high?” "Over the mountains, And over the sea!” "Flying-man, Flying-man, Can't you take me?” — B. Draw a greeting card for your friend on any festival. C. Name the festivals which you celebrate with your family. Which festival do you like the most? Why?~ 8 The Food we Eat We eat food when we are hungry. Food gives us energy to work, play and think. It helps us to grow. Food makes us strong and healthy. We must eat fresh, healthy and clean food. We have three meals a day : Breakfast in the morning. WB a & Lunch in the afternoon. Dinner at night.Some common food items which we eat daily are — =& Be ij @ Rice Butter Milk Chapa oe OG 4 Fish Meat Vegetables Fruits We eat Pte and some vegetables in raw form. These are — FF & @ Banana Grapes Papaya Radish Carrot Cucumber Beetroot Lettuce We eat foods like rice, corn, pulses and potato in the cooked form. During festivals and celebrations we eat some special types of food. These are — Sweets Pakoda Kheer Halwa Cake The families belonging to South India cook idli, dosa and sambhar. Tdli Besa The families belonging to Punjab cook chhole-bhature and rajma-ric. Chhole Bhature y mee The families belonging to north-east cook Se es khar and aromba. Phar ArombaWhere does the food come from? Most of the food items we get from plants. These are — Cereals Be Se @@@ Vegetables ae RE Gp Fruits FF & @B@ ~ @©SOe Milk Eggs Honey Pos = SS. Fish Chicken Cheese B bid you know? Some states and their famous foods are given below : Tamil Nadu : Dosa and Sambhar Punjab : Makke-ki-roti and Sarson-ka-saag West Bengal : Rice and fish Rajasthan : Dal-bati and choormaBE Now now + Food gives us energy and helps us to grow. It also keeps us strong and healthy, « Fruits and some vegetables are eaten in raw form. + Most of the foods like cereals, vegetables, pulses, etc. are eaten in the cooked form. We get cereals, pulses, vegetables and fruits from plants. + We get milk, eggs, fish and meat from animals. Brouestion time A. Tick (“) the right choice : 1. We have breakfast in the : (a) evening | (b) morning | 2. We get pulses from : (a) plants a (b) animals |_| 3. Which one is called a complete food? (a) rice (b) milk B, Pick out what you would like to eat in breakfast, lunch and dinner. Put B for breakfast, L for lunch and D for dinner in the box : eseC. What is your favourite food? Write its name and paste or draw its picture in the box : Acti time A. Draw and colour the picture of a fruit and a vegetable that you like the most. FRUIT VEGETABLE B. We eat the leaves of some plants. They are called leafy vegetables. Write the name of such vegetables —9 Respect the Food When we are thirsty, we drink water. When we are hungry, we eat food. Food gives us energy to work. What will happen if we do not get food for a whole day? We will feel tired. We will not work properly. So, we should respect our food. We should never waste or throw the food. ; 4 Shilpi, again you 7 have not finished ues. Mom, I don't like this vegetable toast Oo Shilpi my dear, you should have healthy food habits,e Milk is a complete food. + Drinking two glasses of milk every day make our bones and teeth strong. + We should eat lots of green vegetables and fruits. + Toffees, chocolates, chips and cold drinks are not good food. We should have good food habits. Good food habits help us to be healthy. These are— « We should wash our hands before and after a meal. e We should not eat uncovered food. We should not buy food from roadside vendors. e We should chew our food properly. e We should not watch TV or talk while eating. All the people do not eat similar type of food. Babies drink milk and eat soft food only. We should eat all types of food like rice, chapati, vegetables, pulses and fruits. The people doing hard physical work need more food.goft food. They d, Old people eat boiled, steamed and cooke d, ete. prefer to eat boiled rice, porridge, 80UP» brea Porridge Soup Eee But when someone falls sick, he/she needs special food. : The doctor advises special food for the sick people or patients. Light, soft and healthy food is given to such people. Soup, bread, boiled vegetables and pulses, egg, milk and fruits are given to patients. E Roe & Milk Vegetables Eggs Fruits BE Wow tow « We need food to get energy to work properly. « We should respect our food. « We should never waste and throw the food. e We should have good food habits, e Different people need different types of food,Bouestion time A. Look at the picture given below. Tick (¥) the boxes with the correct answers. Amit Rini Mohit Mini 1.) Rini a | Mini “finishes all her food. 2.| Amit | Mohit — finishes all his food. 3. Who does not waste food? Tick () the correct answer : ® Rini GD ve Ow 2 Amit >B. Look at the food habits of the people in the pictures. Tick (”) the right habits. Cross out (*) the wrong ones : 1. A. Colour the slogan : EAT RIGHT BE BRIGHT B. Eat healthy food to grow big and strong. Drink clean and pure water, dirty water can make you sick. 50a 10 Water to Use : i We cannot live without water. Animals and plants also need water. We use water for many activities. We use water to — 4 < Gq Drink Wash our clothes Cook food Bathe our body Clean pet our home out fire Jay Animals need water for living, bathing and drinking. Yow SX ’ ~ = Plants cannot live c ~ without water. They need water to grow.At home we get water from tap. Some other sources of water are — Handpump Well Tubewell In the surrounding of your home you get water from — Pond Stream Waterfall River Water has No shape No colour No smell and no taste. But water can be poured. Look at the shape of water in different vessels. ioSome activities do not need water. These are — Reading/Writing Playing Watching TV Eating fruits Dancing BE Wows mow e All the plants and animals need water. e We need water for drinking, cleaning home, cooking food, washing clothes, etc. « At home we get water from tap. e Some sources of water in our surroundings are lake, pond, stream, river, handpump, well, etc. e We do not need water for reading, writing, playing, dancing and watching TV. Bouastiontine A. Tick (/) the right answer. 1. Do animals need water? (a) Yes [] (b) No2. Do plants need water? (a) Yes || ) No B. Complete the words (uses of water) — CIN. ih ac 2, Was AG 3. BN: 4. 1C_ 0 1G Pact tine A. Draw the picture of a source of water and fill colour in it. B. Look at the picture below. Who is in water? Colour the picture.11 Store the Water Heena gets a glass of water from the tap. Richie gets a glass of water from a bottle. Shanti brings a can of water from a well. Tap Mahesh is taking water from the tank. Bottle Can Tank Bucket In some places there is a shortage of water. So, people need to store water for their daily activities. In kitchen we store water in a can. In bathroom we store water in a tank or in a bucket. Sorry Dad! You are right. We should store water in clean containers. Preeti! don't keep the tap running when you are not using it,We should never waste water. What will happen, if there is no water? We will have no water to drink, cook, bathe or to clean the home. So we need to save water. It is one of our basic needs. We cannot live without water. We can save water by using it carefully. It can be done in the following ways. e Collect and use the rainwater. e Do not let the taps run. e Use a bucket and a mug to have a bath. e Use a mop not a water pipe to clean the floor. YZ e Repair the leaking taps and pipes. W What do you do with the water left in your water bottle? e Give this water to a pet to drink. e Water the plants with it. e Use it to wash the fruits. Reuse the water left after washing the fruits or vegetables by watering the plants with this used water. e We should keep the water container well covered. It also helps to save water.: _ Water is stored for future use. + Water is stored in big cans, buckets and tanker in a family. + Rainwater is stored to save water. « We should not waste water. e We should use water carefully to save it. Poaiestiontine A. Tick (7) the things in which you can store water. i2600~% Bottle Tank Broom Bucket B. Tick (/) the pictures showing water is saved and (x) the pictures showing wastage of water :FActity tme A. Colour this picture. Ask your parent or teacher to paste it in the toilet. B. Make a playcard and write down three ways in which you can save water. A 2. 3.12 Types of Houses | « A house is our basic Gs oo Bo you know why? / A house gives us protection. It keeps us safe from the following : e heat * cold Y, e thieves e wild animals € e dust and dirt Houses can be kutcha or pucca. This depends on the material used to build them. Kutcha houses are made up of mud, leaves, sticks or straw. They are found in villages. Pucca houses are made up of bricks, cement, wood, glass and steel. They are found in towns and cities.There are many other kinds of houses, These are — An Igloo is made of ice and snow. It is made in very cold places, The people who live in it are called Eskimos, — Igloo A Caravan is a house on wheels. It can go from place to place. Caravan A Houseboat is a boat with rooms on it. Houseboats are found in Kashmir and Kerala. Houseboat A tent is made from a thick cloth called canvas. Tents are used by people living in deserts. They are also used by campers. Tent A stilt house stands on bamboo pillars. People living in an area with heavy rainfall make such houses. Stilt houseBissix ieiow A house protects us from heat, cold, rain, thieves and wild animals. « Houses are of two types : kutcha and pucca. e Kutcha houses are found in villages. Pucca houses are found in cities and towns. » Igloo, tent, caravan, houseboat and stilt house are some other type of houses. Pauestion time A. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F for false. 1. A pucca house is called tent. 2. Kutcha houses are mostly seen in villages. 8. An igloo is found in desert areas. 4. Houseboats are mainly found in Kashmir. B. Match the following. Zz. . 1. Igloo io) ow 2. Houseboat fear 8. Multistoreyed building 4, Tent mm 5. Stilt houseA. Let us learn how to make an Igloo. SDS o@ A 1. What you need? e Anegg © Marker (black colour) * Cotton * White and blue water colours 2. What to do? ° Gently break an egg so that it has two equal eggshell parts. * Gently rinse and wipe the inside of the eggshell out. Let it dry for about 10 minutes. © Using a permanent ink-marker, draw an upside down letter ‘U’ on the lower edge of the eggshell. © Using the same marker, either make jagged lines or symmetrical lines starting from the top of the eggshell and working down to look like blocks of snow. © With the help of cotton make the surrounding of the igloo. B. Cut out pictures of kutcha and pucca houses from old newspapers and magazines. Paste them in separate boxes. Write their name below each of them.13 My Dream House We have a small but ‘ , beautiful house. It has many doors and windows. Windows let sunlight and fresh air into the house. A house has many rooms in it. These are — Dining-roomWe do different things in different fae oY what your rooms, (house should be We use the bedroom to sleep. ong We use the bathroom to have a bath. We use the dining-room to eat food. We use the kitchen to cook food. We use the drawing-room to meet people. We keep our house clean and tidy. A clean house is free from houseflies, mosquitoes, cockroaches and rats. Housefly Mosquito Cockroach % eS Do you know what _ ( we do to keep our , \ house clean? —_/ =o. yaaa I dust the furniture T remove cobwebs x room neat T keep the toilet from every nook aed a ae and corner. We use i. things to keep our house clean.We use a dustbin to throw the waste in it. We clean our dustbin daily. At some occasions we decorate our houses like on our birthdays and festivals. But we can keep our rooms decorated by using plants, flowers, paintings and wall hangings. oe Some other things, which we can use to decorate our houses ——— Se oil Balloons Paper flowers Colourful lights Bnew mow « We should keep our house clean and tidy. e Aclean house is free from dust, mosquitoes, houseflies, cockroaches and rats. e We use different rooms for different things. _e Food is cooked in kitchen. « Weshould use a dustbin to dispose the wastes. « We should clean our dustbin everyday. 3 wmBovestion tine A. Fill in the blanks : (Kitchen : drawing-room bedroom bathroom 1. Tsleep in my 2. My mother cooks food in the 3. We have a bath in the 4. We receive our guests in ae B. Choose the correct word to complete the sentences : sweeping dusting tidying up mopping 1. Lakshmiis______ the floor. mezaohn ig 0. 4 the place. 3. Jaya is ee ete moon: 4, Fathima is _ pea. the floor.C. Answer the following questions: [Link] do we keep our house clean? [Link] four things that are used to clean a house. a. 2. 3. 4. HP rctnity Time A. Do you help your mother in keeping your room clean? We use these things to keep our house clean. Encircle the things you use to clean your home nae B. Look at the two pictures. Tick (“) the one that looks like your room14 Clothing E ( How do T look in this dress? y g vt SEE a . Clothes also make us look smart. We wear different clothes at different times of the year. ( I am Sneha. : a» “Look here, these are my clothes. Ava Frock Caprie Skirt Tunic© Lam Samarth ~— These are my clothes. Trousers Shorts T-Shirt T am Rajesh Puri. These are my clothes. “i fh fi Shirt Coat Trousers Kurta T am Kavita Puri. These are my clothes. Larl Salwar Suit Skirt Sari Gown: ‘ oliceman, Some people also wear uniform. School children, Pp soldiers, postman and nurses wear uniforms. ae School boy Postman Soldier : We wear some special clothes on festivals and celebrations. f 3 ft There are three major seasons: Winter, Summer and Rainy season. Nurse IN WINTER It is cold during winters. So, we wear woollen clothes. Woollen clothes keep us warm. IN SUMMER It is hot during summers. So, we wear cotton clothes. Cotton clothes keep us cool. IN THE RAINY SEASON We do not want to get wet when it rains. So we wear a raincoat. We may also use an umbrella. We can wear gumboots to keep our feet dry.We should take care of our clothes. The clothes should be washed and ironed. Some clothes are dry washed or dry cleaned. We _ use gentle soap or washing powder to wash the Wet clothes should be dried in the sun. They should be kept in a clean cupboard or trunk. We can use naphthalene balls or neem leaves to keep the insects away from clothes. A. Complete the following sentences : 1. We wear woollen clothes in winter. They protect us from the 2. We wear cotton clothes in summer. They protect us from the 3. We wear raincoats and gumboots in rainy season. They protect us from thes ee, Beiick (7) th 8 B. Here are the names of some clothes. Tick (7) oe which you wear : 1 4 Sweater Shirt Tie a 5. 6 = 8 : ~ EF aA | é Scarf Frock Coat Shoes C. Which clothes will each child wear? Write the number in the box : i 5 O I have to go Good night. E to school. ‘ I am going to bed. Ul (© (ad) Laud T have to go — a 2 for jogging. 7 T have to go to a birthday party.Practnty tine A, Some people wear uniform. Match the people with what they wear : Lam an Astronaut. I am a Lawyer. Le 2. 3. I am a Doctor. 4. I am a Nurse. 5. Iam a Policeman. THERE [si] #e © 4 (a ‘Ey, B. Draw the picture of your favourite dress and fill the colour.15 Air a (Boyett RI SR Nis air? Air is a mixture of gases surrounding the earth. Take a newspaper and fan yourself. Do you feel something cool? Air is everywhere but we cannot see it. We can feel it when it is moving. Moving air is called wind. ae a ar Air is a mixture of many a = ifs Oxygen is one of the gases present in __-—~ (ieee air. All living things need air to ive.) ee f a a 2 Rte 0 a sae You have taken in air) through your nose. Now, let us find out: 7 how eyporgant is air for us, » eer a PoeAn astronaut and a diy . er carry oxygen cylinders. They also need air to breathe. S . We need air for bu a candle. We need air to blow a balloon. Plants and animals also need air. Air is Present in water. Fish take in air from water with the help of its gills. ae Air becomes dirty (polluted) due to smoke and dust. This air can make us ill. It causes cough and eye irritation. Fresh air is good for our health. So, we all should try to keep air clean. ring - We should grow plants near our house and school. Plants help to make the air clean. e Air is present everywhere. © Moving air is called wind. e All living things need air to live. © Fresh air is very good for our health, e We should plant trees to keep the air clean. PeeeEere eeBorestiontime A. Colour the pictures in which air is being polluted ay B. Fill in the blanks. Choose the right word from the box: (wind feel living things breathing 1. We need air for 2. Moving air is called ca need air to live. 4. We can ame __ the air.Hs, this picture show? Write two sentences on it, e colour, . Take a paper and make a paper fan with the help of _your parents.16 Clean, Safe and Healthy “We should k 3 mrsiies) : eg clean and healthy. -s STN ene We have a list of good and bodied habits to share with you. These habits will keep you healthy. @ Get up early in the morning. ¢ Do exercises for some time every day. / ¢ Deep breathing exercises keep us active. : « Learn yoga asanas and practise them. They are very good for our health. ¢ Brush your teeth in the morning and before going to bed at night. ¢@ Take a bath every day. ¢ Cut your nails short as soon as they grow. ¢ We should oil, shampoo and comb our hair regularly. 78Clean your ears and nose regularly. Wash your hands before and after meals. We should wear clean clothes, We should keep our clothes clean and ironed. Take a healthy diet everyday. A healthy diet includes cereals, dals, vegetables, fruits, egg, fish and milk. : Drink milk daily. eo 6 €¢ 8 We should boil or filter water before drinking it. Wash fruits properly before eating them. Do not eat junk food. o¢ ¢ @ @ Play outdoor games daily. They benefit our health. Martial Arts are the best sports for defending yourself against attackers. Some of these are — ¢@ Kick Boxing ¢ Karate ht ¢ Playing indoor and outdoor games refreshes our mind. ¢@ Use a dustbin to collect the waste in your school and home. * Go to bed early at night.Now, you should know ‘what is good or bad touch”? When our parents hug or kiss us, we feel happy. When they hold our hand we feel good. It is good touch. But when someone else holds on our body or cheeks, we feel bad. We feel unhappy, pain or bad. It is bad touch. It makes us sad. At public places — Kids should hold the hand of parents. Never sit with a stranger. Children should learn their address and phone number. The elder one or parents should keep a watch on their children in public places or when they are playing.Pe Children should know the differencélbetween good and bad touch, y Pog ts should make sure about safety of children in public places, Beiestiontime A. Look at what Rohan and Rita are doing and fill in the blanks : qj 3 2. Rita is Rohan is her hair. his ear. Rohanjiejam oe his teeth. 4, 6 Rita is : the apples before Rohan is eating them. his nails.B. Look at the given pictures. Tick (7) the correct healthy habits. AAG, L) EE) LJ Ei A. From all the habits you have learnt, write down what you do every day and what you do once in a week : B. Find out the names of the Soap, toothpaste, shampoo and hair oil you use. Take the help of your parents. +249) Of17 My Neighbourhood \ Rohan lives next to my house, We are ‘ neighbours. There are many other places near my house, Some of them are bus stop, bank, park, school, fire station, railway station, police station, hospital, post office and market. All these together form my neighbourhood. All the places in the neighbourhood provide different services, Children play in the park. We should keep the parks clean and green, Parks improve the quality of our life. Old people walk and spend time in parks, with their friends. The place from where we buy things of daily needs is called a market. A ParkThe place from where we buy stamps, postcards and send money orders is Post office. Post-of fice We go to study in a school in the neighbourhood. Some big neighbourhoods have a fire station. A fireman puts out the fire. They have a fire engine with bells or a siren. Firemen use the ladders and water-hoses to put out a fire. Fire Engine i Did you inow? ‘Dial 101 to calll for a fire engine. Bank We keep our money safe in the bank. A railway station in a neighbourhood helps us to find a train to go to far off places. We can take tickets from such a place and then travel in the train. Railway Station4 railway station consists of a small or big buildings, platforms. rail tracks, ticket waiting room, The place from where we take a bus to go somewhere is the bus stop. We go to a hospital for treatment when we are ill. counter and Public places in the neighbourhood are used by the people living in that area or community. So, it is their duty te keep the public places neat and clean. There should be a good environment for the growth of children and enjoyment of old people. HE now t row The place from where we buy things of daily needs is called a market. © The place from where we get things like stamps and letters is called a post office. ' The place where we go to learn many things is called a school.Borestion time A. Fill in the blanks with correct words from the box : ( school market bus stand bank neighbourhood _ 1. Places which are near our house are called our 2. We go toa to take bus. 3. We go toa to study. 4. We gotoa to keep our money safe. 5. We go toa to buy things we need. B. Tick (“) the places which are in your neighbourhood : 1. School 2. Post office 3. Bank [] 4, Auto stand 5. Bus stop a 6. Market i 7. Hospital |_| 8. Railway station |_| 9. Airport iyA. Match the service to the place : (a) Fos Otice 1. to go when you ) are sick 2. to take a train ) 3. catch a bus (4) 4. buy a postcard fu[ | [2 | ia] | 4. B. Visit a bank or post office or hospital in your neighbourhood. Find out the following: 1. Names of two people working there. 2. About the services they provide. C. Is there a market close to your house? Is it within walking distance? With whom do you goto the market? Every time you go to the market you must hold the hand of an adult. Do not run or move alone there. D. Go to a library in your neighbourhood. Ask or check the number of books which are kept there. Some specific books which have historical value may be there. oa 18 People Who Help Us __ _(iteay people helpius. a meet pone 294 them. - This is Prerna. She is a teacher. She teaches us at school. This is David. “ He is a doctor. He cures sick people. é This is Bahadur Singh. He is a policeman. He catches thieves. He is a milkman. He brings us milk from dairy. This is Imran Khan. He is a bus driver. He drops-off and picks-up us from home and school. This is Dharam Pal. .« He is a gardener. He grows plants, flowers and fruits in the garden. This is Mewalal. bsoA gardener grows plants, fruits and flowers. eA milkman brings us milk. All these people help us. We should respect them. FE Wow mow e Many people help us in our daily life. e We should respect them, Baasestion time A. Complete the names of these people who help us. Take help from the pictures. 1 | ’ GH 4 <—w BRMM SS 5B. Match the pictures. (c) 4. (d) A. Find out the name of the — 1. Driver of your school bus 2. Your class teacher B. Do you respect and talk politely to your ee Beipars? You must not be rude to servants, sweepers, security guards and gardeners. They all are elder to you and help you.19 Plants Around Us There are many plants around us. Some plants are very big, some are small and some are very small. Big plants have hard stem. They are called trees, Trees are tall and stand up straight. Banyan, neem, gulmohar, mango and ashoka are some trees. Pai Banyan Neem Gulmohar Ashoka Some plants are small and bushy. They have a small but hard stem. They are called bushes and shrubs. Rose, jasmine, brinjal, mehandi (Heena), China rose and tulsi plants are shrubs or bushes. Mehandi HibiscusThey have @ soft green e. Some plants are very small in siz ach, potato pin stem. They are called herbs. The grasses, SP plant, mint and coriander plants are herbs. “2% S% Spinach Potato Coriander Some a cannot stand straight. They need support to stand straight. They are called climbers. Money plant, grapevine and pea plants are climbers. it Money plant Grapevine Pea plant Some plants grow along the ground. They are called creepers Watermelon and pumpkin plants are creepers. a Be Watermelon PumpkinLotus, water ]j r lily and duckweed are some water plants. & # Lotus Duckweed USES OF PLANTS We get many useful things from plants. We get foodgrains from plants. en ir Fruits Vegetables We get fruits and vegetables. sS Foodgrains We get tea and coffee. We get sugar. Wy’ We get medicines. Tulsi, ginger, neem and aloe vera are some medicinal plants. Tulsi We use most of the parts of the plants. Carrot, turnip and beetroot are roots. Aloe vera Spinach, and cabbage are leaves. Mango, apple and papaya are fruits. Corns, wheat, rice and pulses are seeds. te res)A. Tick (v) the things which we get from plants : Go Be 3. Sugar 4. Rice 5. Tea 6. Wool fee _—s 4 L B. Make a list of food items that plants give us. C. Complete the names of types of plants : gel [e] le) (se A. Collect the leaves of different plants. Press them in between the pages of a heavy book. Take them out after one week and paste them in your science notebook. Write the name of the plant below each leaf. B. Soak some gram seeds in the water for a day. Take out a seed. Remove its seed coat. Split it into two parts. You will see a baby plant inside.20 Amazing World of Animals We see different kinds of animals around us. Some are big. Some are small. Some live on land. Some live in water and some on trees. Let us learn a little about some of these animals. e Animals like elephant, cat and dog live on land. a“ a e Animals like fish and eh< octopus live in water.Animals make sounds. We can identify the sounds of some animals, : = Cat Mews | = Dog Barks | = Horse neighs = Cow Moos = Crow Caws | # Snake hisses Soy ye | S e Animals like bat and monkey live on trees. e Some animals have feathers and wings. They can fly. These animals are called birds. They have two legs and a beak. oa Some animals are kept at home or on farm. They are called domestic animals. These animals are very useful to us. Some of our domestic animals are — Cow Goat Buffalo Sheep Hen HorsePets are animals that live with us in our house. Dogs and cats are common pets, Rabbit, fish and parrot are some other pets. Sete YS aw, Dog Cat Rabbit We should take good care of our pets. e We must feed them well. e We should keep them clean. e We should keep them in a clean shelter. e We should be kind to all animals. e Some animals are big and some are small. e Some animals live on land, some live in water and some on trees. e Animals that have wings and feathers are called birds. ie Cat, dog, fish and parrot are some common pets. A. Give two examples of each : 1. Animals that live on land 2. Animals that live in water. 3, Animals that live on treesfl 4. Animals that have two legs, a beak and can lly 5. Domestic animals = ===», ——— B. Put a cross (x) on what is wrong and talk abomy sens A. Which is your favourite animal? i Draw its picture. Say whether it is a land animal, water animal, bird or a pet. 1 ! | | NS ee B. You can make some interesting masks of birds and animals. You can gift these masks to your friends on their birthday. 9821 Means of Transport Tw h . ae 90 to Rohan’s house near my house. —— a bus when T go to my Granny's house. A : Here are Some of the different means of transport we see around us in a city, 6 Gao a Rickshaw Car Autorickshaw Motorcycle Bus Here are some of the means of transport we see in a village. ot wb Bullock-cart Tractor Bicycle The means of transport are of three types : e Land transport e Water transport e Air transportLAND TRANSPORT On land, we can travel on roads or on rails. On the road, we can use many means of transport. Some move fast and some slow. WB és ie D- Tonga Bicycle Scooter Train WATER TRANSPORT These are the means of transport used in water. - Boat a Ship AIR TRANSPORT Air transport has made it possible for us to fly in the air like birds. This is the fastest means of transport. We can reach far-off places in a short time. he Helicopter Aeroplane Look carefully at a vehicle — your bicycle or a car. All the vehicles have tyres or wheels. A bicycle has two wheels or tyres. ae ree A car has four tyres, glass windows Bicycle and seats to sit on.bus is a bj ‘ e a big vehicle, It has many seats to sit on. Bus Driver Conductor It ne two doors to enter and many windows. There is a driver and a conductor in the bus. The driver drives the bus and the conductor gives tickets to the passengers. Too much traffic on the roads makes noise. Noise is harmful for us. The traffic policeman controls the traffic on the roads. We should follow the traffic signals. We use some vehicles when we are in trouble. These are called emergency vehicles. We can call them on specific numbers— e Police van 100 P=-| Police van e Fire engine 101 Es ae * Ambulance 102 Ambulance These vehicles are misused by some people. The emergency vehicles should not be used for other purposes.A. Fill in the blanks. Choose the right word from the box: aeroplane train ship 1. A______is the means of land transport. 2. ________is the means of water transport. 3. An ___—_—_—_is the fastest means of transport. B. Give two examples of each of the following: 1. Means of air transport =, 2. Means of land transport ; 3. Emergency vehicles 2 ae 4, Means of water transport == =,D mw and colour the picture of your favourite vehicle. + cm me a | B. Make a list of different vehicles on the basis of tyres. « Vehicles with two tyres « Vehicles with three tyres « Vehicles with four tyres « Vehicles with six tyres22 Means of Communication At home, we talk to each other for sharing our happiness and problems. But sometimes when we want to share something with the People living far away then we can use some other means to contact them. We can write letters to our friends and relatives. We can talk on telephone, a faster means of communication. We can talk to people in far-off places. We can use cellular phones (mobiles). Cellular phones can be carried to anywhere with us to talk. We can use e-mail to senda message. Itisa quick mode of communication. Through an e-mail a message can be sent to thousands of people at once. SMS can also be sent through mobiles. It is sent in the form of text message. a Writing letter >» Telephone g Mobile E-mail» Can Use internet, Internet is the ‘astest means of communication. \rough internet we can see the news, send messages (e-mail) and search informations, Other modes of communication are : . Radio « Television FZ g « Newspaper Newscaper Radio Television e are the common means of communication all over the ecan listen to news, music and drama on a radio. These days channels are very useful to us. "We can listen and watch the drama on a television. In newspapers, we can read about the events, news and other ll the means of communication are useful to us. They help to listen, talk and see the people and things all over the e people misuse these facilities of communication. We take care of our devices. We should not let anyone use em for wrong purposes.SE Now mow * At home, we communicate by talking to each other. * Letter writing is a cheap and popular means of communication, * Telephone is the fastest means of communication to talk. * These days cellular phone (mobile) is the most popular means of communication. * SMS is the short messaging service to send the text message. e Internet is used all over the world to get the information on anything. Bouestion time A. Fill in the blanks. ail television newspaper 1. We can read the news in a 2. An can be sent through internet. 8. We can listen and see the news, musicand movieson a set.- B. Tick (V) the correct picture 1. Mobile zz g ge : —* : oe Ca g 3. Radio ge Go g Pretty time A. Ask your grandparents about how did they communicate during their childhood in villages. List them B. Draw and colour a picture of any one of the means of communication (TV, Computer, Mobile, Radio, etc.) C. Discuss the ‘misuses of information and communication technology’, with your parents.23 Sun, Moon, Sky and Stars When we see up in the sky we see many things. During day the sky looks bright. We can see the sun in the sky. The sun rises in the east. During night, the sky looks dark. We see a moon and many stars twinkling in the sky. Early in the morning the sky looks blue. But when the sun rises, it becomes bright. In the afternoon, the sky looks bright with the sun. The sun sets in the evening. So the sky looks again blue in the evening.The sun looks brighter and hot during summer. So the summer days are hot. The sun looks bright but not so hot i | during winter, l \ loud It is pleasant during winter days but | i we , the nights are cooler. The sun can hardly be seen in monsoon days. The monsoon days are hot and humid. Sometimes after rain we see rainbow in Rainbow the sky. HP Wow mow e During the day time we can see the sun in the sky. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. e During summer, the days are hot. e During winter the days are pleasant but the nights are cooler. e During monsoon the weather looks cloudy and sometimes we see a rainbow in the sky. Bouestion tine A. Write the name of things which you see in the sky (day and night both): ith 2. 3. 4. 109B. Write one sentence on each season 1, Summer 2. Winter 3. Monsoon SP Actity Tine A. Answer the following riddles : 1. Tam a ball of fire, But you cannot play with me. I am hot and bright. f Tam 2. We are plenty in number. We twinkle every night. We are a cil 3. I change my shape every night. Iam B. Here are the pictures of some things that we see in the sky. Circle the things that are not seen at night dateE¢sential ENnVIFONMentalstuGles; The Essential Environmental Studies for Classes 1 & 2 is based on the latest ‘curriculum prepared and recommended by the Council for the Indian Schoo! Certificate Examination, New Delhi. In this new curriculum, Environmental Studies has been identified as a core curricular area, focusing on natural, social and cultural environment in an integrated manner. ‘Some salient features of these books are The text is in simple and lucid language with eye-catching illustrations. fi gradually extends the child's understanding of his/her world, beginning from the immediate ‘self to include the family, the neighbourhood, the locality and also the country. it develops understanding about biological, social and cultural aspects of life by citing examples from everyday life. it inculcates sensitivity for environment and life, and love for nature The books contain Exercises and Activities throughout the text that will stimulate the thinking of the children and encourage them to frame their own questions in their quest for knowledge. Features of Online Support : Chapter-wise animated explanation of all the key concepts Chapter-wise Interactive Exercises Chapter-wise Worksheets Test Paper Generator (only for teachers) Solution of text book problems (only for teachers) E-book (only for teachers)