AARAMBH (SOLVED EXAMPLES)

1. Heptane and octane form ideal solution. At 373K, the Where, ΔT = Depression in freezing point
vapour pressures of the two liquids are 105.2 kPa and Kf = Molal depression constant of benzene
46.8 kPa respectively. What will be the vapour pressure, in w = Mass of solute
bar, of a mixture of 25g of heptane and 35g of octane?
m = Molar mass of solute
Sol. (A) Heptane C7H16 mA = 100 W = Mass of solvent
(B) Octane C8H18 mB = 114 1.4 × 1000
Case-I: (278.4 − 277.12) =
Kf ×
wA 25 35 58 × 100
n B = 0.3
nA = = = 0.25; =
m A 100 114 14
= Kf × 
1.28 … (i)
0.3 58
0.25
x A = = 0.45; x B = = 0.55 2.8 × 1000
0.25 + 0.30 0.25 + 0.30 Case-II: (278.4 – 277.76) = K f ×
0 0 m (A) × 100
P = p A x A + p B x B 28
0.64 = K f  … (ii)
= 105.2 × 0.45 + 46.8 × 0.55 m (A)
= 47.34 + 25.74 = 73.08 kPa = 0.7308 bar Dividing equation (i) by (ii), we get
2. The vapour pressure of pure benzene at 50°C is 268 mm
m (A) = 232 g/mol
of Hg. How many moles of non-volatile solute per mole of
benzene are required to prepare a solution of benzene having 5. At 27°C, 36 g of glucose per litre has an osmotic pressure
a vapour pressure 167.0mm of Hg at 50°C? of 4.92 atm. If the osmotic pressure of solution is 1.5 atm at
the same temperature, what should be its concentration?
Sol. Applying Raoult’s law in the following form
Sol. Given that, π1 = 4.92 atm, π2 = 1.5 atm
p 0 − ps wM w / m
p= Wm =
C1
36  w 
s W/M =
180
=
× 1 ∵ C M
=
× V 
, C2 ?

= No. of moles of solute per mole of benzene
π1V1 = n1ST1
n (268 − 167)
=
or = 0.6047
= 0.605 π2V2 = n2ST2
N 167
At same temperature,
3. In a cold climate water gets frozen causing damage to
π1 n1 V2 C1
radiator of a car. Ethylene glycol is used as anti-freezing = × =
π2 V1 n 2 C2

agent. Calculate the amount of ethylene glycol to be added
4.92 36
to 4kg of water to prevent it from freezing at –6°C. [Kf for
∴ =
1.5 180 × C2
water = 1.85 K kg mol–1]
∴ C2 = 0.061 mol/litre
Sol. ΔT = 6°C, W = 4 kg = 4000g, m = 62, Kf = 1.85
6. What weight of non-volatile solute, urea (NH2CONH2)
m × W × ∆T needs to be dissolved in 100g of water, in order to decrease
w =
1000 × K f the vapour pressure of water by 25%. What will be the
molality of solution?
62 × 4000 × 6
= = 804.32g Sol. According to Raoult’s law:
1000 × 1.85
P° − PS w M
4. 1.4 g of acetone dissolved in 100g of benzene gave a = ×
PS m W
solution which freezes at 277.12K. Pure benzene freezes
at 278.4K. 2.8g of solid (A) dissolved in 100g of benzene Given if P° = 100, then PS = 75mm, m = 60,
gave a solution which froze at 277.76K. Calculate the W = 100g, M = 18
molecular mass of (A) 100 − 75 w × 18
=
75 60 × 100
Sol. We know that
∴ w = 111.11g
w × 1000
∆T = K f ×
Also molality of solution,
m× W

Solutions 63
 weight of solute p = iCRT
= iCNa2SO4 = Cglucose
mol. wt of solute × weight of solvent (in kg)
111.11 i × 0.004 = 1 × 0.01
= i = 2.5
100
60 ×
1000 Na2SO4 → 2Na + SO42–
= 13.88 m The number of ions are 3.
7. The aqueous solution of 0.004 M Na2SO4 and 0.01 M \ The degree of dissociation
glucose are isotonic. Degree of dissociation of Na2SO4 is: i -1
(1) 75% (2) 50% d =
n -1
(3) 25% (4) 85% 2.5 -1
d = = 0.75 or 75%.
Sol. For two solution to be isotonic 3 -1
pNa SO = pglucose
2 4

PRARAMBH EXERCISE-1 (TOPICWISE)

EXPRESSING CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTIONS 10. 3.42 g of a substance of molar weight 342 g is present in
250g of water. Molality of this solution is:
1. What is the mole fraction of glucose in 10% w/w glucose
(1) 0.4m (2) 0.04 m (3) 0.8 m (4) 4m
solution?
(1) 0.01 (2) 0.02 (3) 0.03 (4) 0.04 11. 3g of a salt [Mol. wt. 30 g/mol] is dissolved in 250 g of water
the molality of the solution is:
2. How much the amount of benzoic acid (C6H 5COOH)
required for preparing 250 mL of 0.15 M solution in (1) 0.4 (2) 0.2 (3) 0.6 (4) 0.8
methanol? 12. Mole fraction of a solute in benzene is 0.2, then find molality
(1) 45.75 g (2) 4.575 g of solution:
(3) 0.2 M (4) 9.15 g (1) 3.2 (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) 3.6
3. The equivalent weight of MnSO4 is half its molecular weight,
when it is converted to:
SOLUBILITY
13. How many grams of CO2 gas is dissolved in a 1 L bottle
(1) Mn2O3 (2) MnO2
of carbonated water if the manufacturer uses a pressure of
(3) MnO4 (4) MnO4–2 2.4 atmosphere in the bottling process at 25°C? Given:
4. Molarity of 4% (w/v) solution of NaOH is: KH of CO2 water = 29.76 atm/mol./L at 25°C
(1) 0.1 (2) 0.5 (3) 0.001 (4) 1.0 (1) 3.52 (2) 4.2 (3) 3.1 (4) 2.5
5. The number of moles of solute present in 2.0 litres of 0.5M 14. H2S is a toxic gas used in qualitative analysis. If solubility
NaOH solution is: of H2S in water at STP is 0.195 m, what is the value of KH?
(1) 2 (2) 1 (3) 4 (4) 0.1 (1) 0.0263 bar (2) 69.16 bar
6. If 36.0 g of glucose is present in 400 ml of solution, molarity (3) 192 bar (4) 282 bar
of the solution is: 15. Four gases like H2, He, CH4 and CO2 have Henry’s constant
(1) 0.05M (2) 11.0 M values (KH) as 69.16, 144.97, 0.413 and 1.67. The gas which
is more soluble in liquid is:
(3) 0.5M (4) 2.0 M
(1) He (2) CH4 (3) H2 (4) CO2
7. If 0.01 mole of solute is present in 500 ml of solution, its
molarity is: 16. Correct statement(s) is/are:
A. The solubility of gases in liquid increases with increase
(1) 0.01 M (2) 0.005M
of temperature.
(3) 0.02 M (4) 0.1M B. Aquatic species are more comfortable in warm waters
8. The density of 2 M solution of acetic acid (Mol. wt. 60) is rather than in cold waters.
1.02 g mL–1. The molality of the solution ‘X’ is: C. At high altitudes the partial pressure of oxygen is less
(1) 1.0 (2) 2.0 (3) 2.22 (4) 2.25 than that at the ground level.
9. The weight of H2C2O4.2H2O required to prepare 500ml of D. There is low concentration of O2 in the blood and tissue
of the people living at high altitude.
0.2N solution is:
(1) A and B (2) B, C and D
(1) 1.26g (2) 6.3g (3) 1.575g (4) 3.15g
(3) C and D (4) Only A

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 17. Henry’s law constant for CO2 in water is 1.67 × 108 Pa at Hg. Calculate the vapour pressure of A and B (in mm Hg)
298 K. The quantity of CO2 in 500 mL of soda water when respectively in their pure state.
packed under 2.5 atm CO2 pressure at 298 K is: (1) 400, 600 (2) 100, 200
(1) 0.0084 grams (2) 0.00084 grams (3) 300, 400 (4) 800, 400
(3) 1.848 grams (4) 8.4 grams 26. Partial pressure of a solution component is directly
18. Which of these curves represents Henry’s Law? proportional to its mole fraction. This is known as:
(1) Henry’s law (2) Raoult’s law
(3) Distribution law (4) Ostwald’s dilution law
(1) logm (2) logm 27. The vapour pressure of water depends upon
(1) Surface area of container
(2) Volume of container
(3) Temperature
(3) logm (4) logm (4) All of the above
28. The vapour pressure of pure water at 37°C is 47.1 torr.
What is the vapour pressure of an aqueous solution at 37°C
containing 20 g of glucose dissolved in 500 gm of water?
19. Which one of the following gases has the lowest value of
Henry’s law constant? (1) 0.11 torr (2) 35.5 torr
(1) N2 (2) He (3) CO2 (4) O2 (3) 27.78 torr (4) 46.9 torr
20. Which of the following statement (s) are correct? 29. An aqueous solution containing liquid A (M = 128) 64% by
A. Polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents. weight has a vapour pressure of 145mm Hg. Find the vapour
B. Sodium chloride and sugar dissolve readily in benzene. pressure of pure A, if that of water is 155mm Hg at the same
C. Non polar solutes dissolve in non-polar solvents. temperature.
D. Naphthalene and anthracene dissolve readily in water. (1) 105 mm Hg (2) 208 mm Hg
(1) A, B and C (2) A and C (3) 1.05 mm Hg (4) 2.08 mm Hg
(3) A, C and D (4) B, C and D 30. A mixture of two immiscible liquids nitrobenzene and
21. Henry’s law constant of oxygen is 1.4 × 10–3
mol l–1 atm–1 water boiling at 99°C has a partial vapour pressure of water
at 298 K. How much of oxygen is dissolved in 100 ml at 733 mm and that of nitrobenzene 27 mm. Calculate the ratio
298 K when the partial pressure of oxygen is 0.5 atm? of the weights of nitrobenzene to the water in distillate.
(1) 1.4 g (2) 3.2 g (3) 2.24 mg (4) 5.2 g (1) 1 : 4 (2) 4 : 1 (3) 1 : 3 (4) 3 : 1
22. Solubility of gases in liquids: 31. Two liquids X and Y form an ideal solution. The mixture has a
(1) Increases with decrease in temperature vapour pressure of 400 mm at 300 K when mixed in the molar
(2) Increases with rise in temperature ratio of 1 : 1 and a vapour pressure of 350 mm when mixed in
the molar ratio of 1 : 2 at the same temperature. The vapour
(3) Remain unaffected with rise in temperature
pressures of the two pure liquids X and Y respectively are:
(4) None of these
(1) 250 mm, 550 mm (2) 350 mm, 450 mm
VAPOUR PRESSURE OF LIQUID SOLUTIONS (3) 350 mm, 700 mm (4) 550 mm, 250 mm
23. A mixture of ethyl alcohol and propyl alcohol has a vapour
pressure of 290 mm at 27°C. If mole fraction of ethyl
IDEAL AND NON-IDEAL SOLUTIONS
alcohol is 0.65, calculate the vapour pressure of pure 32. The system that forms maximum boiling azeotrope is:
ethyl alcohol, if vapour pressure of pure propyl alcohol is (1) Carbon disulphide - acetone
210 mm. (2) Benzene - toluene
(1) 333.1 mm (2) 133.1 mm (3) Acetone - chloroform
(3) 373.2 mm (4) 433.1 mm (4) n - hexane - n heptane
24. The boiling point of C6H6,CH3OH, C6H5NH2 and C6H5NO2 33. A non-ideal solution was prepared by mixing 30 ml chloroform
are 80°C, 65°C, 184°C and 212°C respectively. Which will and 50 ml acetone. The volume of mixture will be:
show highest vapour pressure at room temperature?
(1) > 80 ml (2) < 80 ml (3) = 80 ml (4) ≥ 80 ml
(1) C4H6 (2) CH3OH
34. A solution of acetone in ethanol:
(3) C6H5NH2 (4) C6H5NO2
(1) Shows a negative deviation from Raoult’s law
25. At 300 K, the vapour pressure of an ideal solution containing
one mole of A and 3 mole of B is 550 mm of Hg. At the (2) Shows a positive deviation from Raoult’s law
same temperature, if one mole of B is added to this solution, (3) Behaves like a near ideal solution
the vapour pressure of solution increases by 10 mm of (4) Obey Raoult’s law

Solutions 65
 35. Which of the following will show a negative deviation from 42. The vapour pressure of pure solvent is 0.8 mm of Hg at a
Raoult’s law? particular temperature. On addition of a non - volatile solute
(1) Acetone - benzene (2) Acetone - ethanol ‘A’ the vapour pressure of solution becomes 0.6 mm of Hg.
The mole fraction of component ‘A’ is:
(3) Benzene - methanol (4) Acetone - chloroform
(1) 0.25 (2) 0.75
36. A solution containing components A and B follows Raoult’s
(3) 0.5 (4) 0.35
law:
(1) A – B attraction is greater than A – A and B – B 43. Lowering of vapour pressure of an aqueous solution of a
non-volatile, non-electrolyte 1 M aqueous solution at 1000C
(2) A – B attraction forces is less than A – A and B – B
is:
(3) A – B attraction forces remains same as A – A and B – B
(1) 14.12 torr (2) 312 torr
(4) Volume of solution is different from sum of volumes of
solute and solvent (3) 13.45 torr (4) 352 torr
37. What are the conditions for an ideal solution which obeys 44. A solution of two liquids boils at a temperature more than the
Raoult’s law over the entire range of concentration? boiling point of either of them. Hence, the binary solution
shows:
Ptotal PA0 x A + PB0 x B
(1) ΔHmix = 0, ΔVmix = 0, =
(1) Negative deviation from Raoult’s law
Ptotal PA0 x A + PB0 x B
(2) ΔHmix = +ve, ΔVmix = 0, = (2) Positive deviation from Raoult’s law
Ptotal PA0 x A + PB0 x B
(3) ΔHmix = 0, ΔVmix = +ve, = (3) No deviation from Raoult’s law
(4) Positive or negative deviation from Raoult’s law
(4) ΔHmix = 0, ΔVmix= 0, Ptotal = PB0 x B depending upon the composition.
38. Which of the following liquid pairs will exhibit a positive
deviation from Raoult’s law? COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES,
(1) Water – Hydrochloric acid DETERMINATION OF (MOLAR) MASS &
(2) Cyclohexane – Ethanol ABNORMAL MOLAR MASS
(3) Acetone – Chloroform
45. If the elevation in boiling point of a solution of 10gm
(4) Water – Nitric acid of solute (mol. wt.=100) in 100 gm of water is ΔTb, the
39. Which of the following azeotropes is not correctly matched? ebullioscopic constant of water is:
(1) HNO 3 (68%) + H 2 O (32%): Maximum boiling ∆Tb
azeotrope, B.P = 393.5 K (1) 10 (2) 10∆Tb (3) ∆Tb (4)
10
(2) H2O (43%) + HI (56.7%): Minimum boiling azeotrope,
B.P = 290 K 46. In a 0.2 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid HX, the
(3) C2H5OH (95.5%) + H2O(4.5%): Minimum boiling degree of ionization is 0.3. Taking Kf for water as 1.85, the
azeotrope, B.P. = 351.15 K freezing point of the solution will be nearest to:
(4) Chloroform (93.2%) + C2H5OH (6.8%): Minimum (1) –0.360°C (2) –0.260°C
boiling azeotrope, B.P. = 332.3 K (3) +0.480°C (4) –0.480°C
40. Study the figures given below and mark the correct 47. A solution containing 12.5g of non-electrolyte substance in
statement: 185g of water shows boiling point elevation of 0.80 K. Calculate
the molar mass of a substance. (Kb = 0.52 K kg mol–1)
(1) 53.06 g mol–1 (2) 25.3 g mol–1
(3) 16.08 g mol–1 (4) 43.92 g mol–1
48. 10% solution of urea is isotonic with 6% solution of a non-
volatile solute X, what is the molecular mass of solute X?
(1) 6 g mol–1 (2) 60 g mol–1
(3) 36 g mol–1 (4) 32 g mol–1
49. Choose the correct statement.
(1) (i) Nitric acid + water (ii) Acetone + ethyl alcohol
(1) The boiling point of the solution falls on increasing the
(2) (i) Water + ethyl alcohol (ii) Acetone + Benzene amount of the solute.
(3) (i) Acetone + ethyl alcohol (ii) Acetone + chloroform (2) The freezing point of the solution is lowered on adding
(4) (i) Benzene + toluene (ii) Acetone + chloroform more of solvent.
41. Which of the following gas mixture is used by the divers (3) The freezing point of the solution is raised on adding
inside the sea? more of solute.
(1) O2 + He (2) O2 + Xe (4) The freezing point of the solution decreases on
increasing the amount of the solute.
(3) O2 + Ar (4) O2 + N2

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 50. Osmotic pressure of a solution containing 2 g dissolved 60. If the elevation in boiling point of a solution of 1 g of solute
protein per 300 cm3 of solution is 20 mm of Hg at 27°C. (molecular weight = 100) in 100 g of water is ΔTb, the
The molecular mass of protein is: ebullioscopic constant of water is:
(1) 6239.3 g mol–1 (2) 12315.5 g mol–1 (1) 10 (2) 100 Tb (3) 10 ΔTb (4) DTb/10
(3) 3692.1 g mol­–1 (4) 7368.4 g mol–1 61. Which of the following will have highest boiling point at 1
atm pressure?
51. A solution is made by dissolving 20 g of a substance in 500ml
(1) 0.1M NaCl (2) 0.1 M Sucrose
of water. Its osmotic pressure was found to be 600 mm of
Hg at 15°C. Find the molar mass of the substance. (3) 0.1M BaCl2 (4) 01. M Glucose
(1) 1198 g mol–1 (2) 500 g mol–1 62. The freezing point of one molal NaCl, assuming NaCl to be
100% dissociated in water is: (molar depression constant is
(3) 1200 g mol–1 (4) 1000 g mol–1
1.86)
52. An aqueous solution of 2% non-volatile solute exerts a (1) –2.72°C (2) –3.72°C (3) 2.72°C (4) 3.72°C
pressure of 1.004 bar at a normal boiling point of the solvent.
63. What happens to freezing point of benzene when naphthalene
What is the molar mass of the solute?
is added?
(1) 23.4 g mol–1 (2) 41.35 g mol–1
(1) Increases
(3) 10 g mol–1 (4) 20.8 g mol–1 (2) Decreases
53. Which of the following statement is correct? (3) Remain unchanged
(1) A saturated solution will remain saturated at all (4) First decreases and then increases
temperatures. 64. The order of boiling point of four equimolar aqueous
(2) A plant cell swells when placed in hypertonic solution. solutions is C< B < A < D. The correct order of their freezing
(3) The depression in freezing point is directly proportional point is:
to molality of the solution. (1) D < C < B < A (2) D > C < B < A
(4) Lowering in vapour pressure is a colligative property. (3) D < A < B < C (4) D > A > B > C
54. Which among the following will show maximum osmotic 65. The boiling point of a solution of 0.01g of a substance in
pressure? 15 g of ether was found to be 0.1°C higher than that of
(1) 1M NaCl (2) 1M MgCl2 pure ether. The molecular weight of the substance will be:
(Kb = 2.16 K kg mol–1).
(3) 1M (NH4)3PO4 (4) 1M Na2SO4
(1) 13.6 (2) 14.4 (3) 15.8 (4) 16.6
55. What weight of glycerol should be added to 600 g of
water in order to lower its freezing point by 10°C? 66. Dissolution of 1.5 g of a non-volatile solute (molecular
weight = 60) in 250 g of a solvent reduces its freezing point
(Kf = 1.86 K kg mol–1)
by 0.01°C. Find the molal depression constant of the solvent.
(1) 496 g (2) 297 g (3) 310 g (4) 426 g
(1) 0.01 (2) 0.001 (3) 0.0001 (4) 0.1
56. If 1 g of solute (molar mass = 50 g mol–1) is dissolved
67. The boiling point of 0.1molal K4[Fe(CN)6] solution will be
in 50 g of solvent and the elevation in boiling point is
(Given Kb for water = 0.52 K kg mol–1.
1 K. The molal elevation constant of the solvent is:
(1) 100.52°C (2) 100.104°C
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 2.5 (4) 5
(3) 100.26°C (4) 102.6°C
57. The colligative property is not represented by:
(1) Elevation in boiling point 68. 2 g of a non-volatile solute is added to 500 g of solvent,
freezing point of pure solvent = 5.48°C and that of solution
(2) Osmotic pressure
is 4.47°C, Kf = 1.93 K kg mol–1 molecular mass of solute is:
(3) Optical activity
(1) 7.72 (2) 7.64 (3) 7.32 (4) 7.06
(4) Relative lowering of vapour pressure
69. Which has the least freezing point?
58. Isotonic solutions have:
(1) 1% sucrose (2) 1% NaCl
(1) Same boiling point (2) Same vapour pressure
(3) 1% CaCl2 (4) 1% glucose
(3) Same melting point (4) Same osmotic pressure
70. Which of the following solutions will have the highest
59. The boiling point of benzene is 353.23 K. When 1.80g of boiling point?
a non-volatile solute was dissolved in 90g of benzene,the
boiling point is raised to 354.11 K. The molar mass of the (1) 0.1M Al2(SO4)3 (2) 0.1M FeCl3
solute is: (Kb for benzene is 2.53 K kg mol–1) (3) 0.1M NaCl (4) 0.1 M Urea
(1) 58 g mol–1 (2) 106 g mol–1 71. Two elements A and B form compounds of formula AB2
(3) 174 g mol–1 (4) 232 g mol–1 and AB4. When dissolved in 20.0g of benzene 1.0g of AB2
lowers [Link]. by 2.3 K whereas 1.0g of AB4 lowers [Link]. by

Solutions 67
 1.3 K. The Kf for benzene is 5.4. The atomic masses of 78. Which of the following will have same value of Van’t Hoff
A and B are respectively: factor as that of K4 [Fe(CN)6]?
(1) 27, 45 (2) 42, 25 (3) 52, 48 (4) 48, 52 (1) Al2 (SO4)3 (2) AlCl3
72. A compound MX2 has observed and normal molar masses (3) Al (NO3)3 (4) Al(OH)3
65.6 and 164 respectively. Calculate the apparent degree of 79. What will be the degree of dissociation of 0.1 M Mg(NO3)2
ionization of MX2. solution if Van’t Hoff factor is 2.74?
(1) 75% (2) 85% (3) 65% (4) 25% (1) 75% (2) 87%
73. What is the normal b.p of an aqueous solution whose freezing (3) 100% (4) 92%
point is –2.48°C?
80. Which of the following has the highest freezing point?
(Kf = 1.86°[Link]/mol, Kb = 0.512°[Link]/mol)
(1) 1m NaCl solution
(1) 100.7°C (2) 102.5°C
(2) 1m KCl solution
(3) 109.0°C (4) 99.3°C
(3) 1m AlCl3 solution
74. The mass of glucose that should be dissolved in 100 g of (4) 1m C6H12O6 solution
water in order to produce same lowering of vapour pressure
as is produced by dissolving 1 g of urea (mol. Mass = 60) in 81. If α is the degree of dissociation of Na2SO4, the van’t Hoff’s
50 g of water is: (Assume dilute solution in both cases) factor (i) used for calculating the molecular mass is:
(1) 1 g (2) 2 g (3) 6 g (4) 12 g (1) 1 + α (2) 1 – α (3) 1+ 2 α (4) 1 – 2α
75. The osmotic pressure of a decimolar solution of urea at 27°C is 82. The Van’t Hoff factor of 0.005 M aqueous solution of KCl
is 1.95. The degree of ionisation of KCl is:
(1) 2.49 bar (2) 5 bar (3) 3.4 bar (4) 1.25 bar
(1) 0.95 (2) 0.97 (3) 0.94 (4) 0.96
76. What is the volume of solution containing 1 mole of sugar
that will give rise to an osmotic pressure of 1 atm at 0°C? 83. 0.2 molal aq. HA acid ionises to the extent of 20%. Kf for
acid is 1.86, then calculate the freezing point of the solution.
(1) 11.2 lit (2) 112 lit (3) 224 lit (4) 22.4 lit
(1) –0.45°C (2) –0.50°C
77. Which of following representations of i (van’t hoff factor)
(3) –0.31°C (4) –0.53°C
is not correct?
84. Van’t Hoff factor more than unity indicates that the solute
Observed colligative property
(1) i = in solution is:
Expected colligative property
(1) Dissociated
Normal molecular mass (2) Associated
(2) i =
Observed molecular mass (3) Both (1) and (2)
[Link] molecules actually present (4) Cannot say anything
(3) i =
Molecules expected to be present 85. KBr is 80% dissociated in aqueous solution of 0.5 m
Total number of particles taken before concentration (given, Kf for water = 1.86 K Kg mol–1). The
solution freezes at:
association / dissociation
(4) i = (1) 271.326 K (2) 272 K
Total number of particles taken after
(3) 270.5 K (4) 268.5 K
association / dissociation

PRABAL EXERCISE-2 (LEARNING PLUS)

1. On dissolving sugar in water at room temperature solution (3) Equal to the rate of crystallisation
feels cool to touch. Under which of the following cases (4) Zero
dissolution of sugar will be most rapid? 3. Maximum amount of a solid solute that can be dissolved in
(1) Sugar crystals in cold water amount of a given liquid solvent does not depend upon:
(2) Powdered sugar in cold water (1) Temperature (2) Nature of solute
(3) Sugar crystals in hot water (3) Pressure (4) Nature of solvent
(4) Powdered sugar in hot water 4. Low concentration of oxygen in the blood and tissues of
2. At equilibrium, the rate of dissolution of a solid solute in a people living at high altitude is due to:
volatile liquid solvent is: (1) Low temperature
(1) Less than the rate of crystallisation (2) Low atmospheric pressure
(2) Greater than the rate of crystallisation (3) High atmospheric pressure
(4) Both low temperature and high atmospheric pressure

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 5. Considering the formation, breaking and strength of 13. Which of the following statements is false?
hydrogen bond, predict which of the following mixtures (1) Units of atmospheric pressure and osmotic pressure are
will show a positive deviation from Raoult’s law? the same.
(1) Methanol and acetone (2) Chloroform and acetone (2) In reverse osmosis, solvent molecules move through
(3) Nitric acid and water (4) Phenol and aniline a semipermeable membrane from a region of
6. Colligative properties depend on: lower concentration of solute to a region of higher
concentration.
(1) The nature of the solute particles dissolved in solution
(3) The value of molal depression constant depends on
(2) The number of solute particles in solution
nature of solvent.
(3) The physical properties of the solute particles dissolved
(4) Relative lowering of vapour pressure, is a dimensionless
in solution
quantity.
(4) The nature of solvent particles
14. Value of Henry’s constant KH:
7. Which of the following aqueous solutions should have the
(1) Increases with increase in temperature represents the
highest boiling point?
decrease in solubility.
(1) 1.0 M NaOH (2) 1.0 MNa2SO4
(2) Decreases with increase in temperature the decrease in
(3) 1.0 M NH4NO3 (4) 1.0 MKNO3 solubility.
8. In comparison to a 0.01 M solution of glucose, the (3) Remains constant
depression in freezing point of a 0.01 M MgCl2 solution is: (4) First increases then decreases
(1) The same (2) About twice
15. The value of Henry’s constant, KH is:
(3) About three times (4) About six times
(1) Greater for gases with higher solubility
9. An unripe mango placed in a concentrated salt solution to (2) Greater for gases with lower solubility
prepare pickle shrivels because:
(3) Constant for all gases
(1) It gains water due to osmosis.
(4) Not related to the solubility of gases
(2) It loses water due to reverse osmosis.
16. Consider the figure and mark the correct option:
(3) It gains water due to reverse osmosis.
(4) It loses water due to osmosis.
10. At a given temperature, osmotic pressure of a concentrated s
solution of a substance:
(1) Is higher than that of a dilute solution.
(2) Is lower than that of a dilute solution.
(3) Is same as that of a dilute solution.
(4) Cannot be compared with osmotic pressure of dilute
solution.
11. Which of the following statements is false? (1) Water will move from side (A) to side (B) if a pressure
(1) Two different solutions of sucrose of same molality lower than osmotic pressure is applied on piston (B).
prepared in different solvents will have the same (2) Water will move from side (B) to side (A) if a pressure
depression in freezing point. greater than osmotic pressure is applied on piston (B).
(2) The osmotic pressure of a solution is given by the (3) Water will move from side (B) to side (A) if a pressure
equation π = CRT (where, C is the molarity of the equal to osmotic pressure is applied on piston (B).
solution. (4) Water will move from side (A) to side (B) if pressure
(3) Decreasing order of osmotic pressure for 0.01 M equal to osmotic pressure is applied on piston (B).
aqueous solutions of barium chloride, potassium 17. We have three aqueous solutions of NaCl labelled as
chloride, acetic acid and sucrose is BaCl2 > KCl > ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C with concentrations 0.1 M, 0.01 M and
CH3COOH > sucrose. 0.001 M, respectively. The value of van’t Hoff factor for
(4) According to Raoult’s law, the vapor pressure exerted these solutions will be in the order:
by a volatile component of a solution is directly (1) iA < iB < iC (2) iA > iB > iC
proportional to its mole fraction in the solution.
(3) iA = iB = iC (4) iA < iB > iC
12. The values of van’t Hoff factors for KCl, NaCl and K2SO4
18. On the basis of information given below mark the correct
respectively are:
option: Information
(1) 2, 2 and 2 (2) 2, 2 and 3
(i) In bromoethane and chloroethane mixture intermolecular
(3) 1, 1 and 2 (4) 1, 1 and 1 interactions of A—A and B—B type are nearly same as
A—B type interactions.

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 (ii) In ethanol and acetone mixture A—A or B—B type
intermolecular interactions are stronger than A—B type
interactions.
(iii) In chloroform and acetone mixture A—A or B—B type (3) (4)
intermolecular interactions are weaker than A—B type
interactions.
(1) Solution (i) will not follow Raoult’s law 22. On the basis of information given below mark the correct
(2) Solution (ii) will show positive deviation from Raoult’s option.
law Information: On adding acetone to methanol some of the
(3) Solution (i) will show negative deviation from Raoult’s hydrogen bonds between methanol molecules break:
law (1) At specific composition methanol-acetone mixture will
(4) Solution (iii) will show positive deviation from Raoult’s form minimum boiling azeotrope and will show positive
law deviation from Raoult’s law
19. Two beakers of capacity 500 mL were taken. One of these (2) At specific composition methanol-acetone mixture
beakers, labelled as “A”, was filled with 400 mL water will form maximum boiling azeotrope and will show
whereas the beaker labelled “B” was filled with 400 mL positive deviation from Raoult’s law
of 2 M solution of NaCl. At the same temperature both the (3) At specific composition methanol-acetone mixture
beakers were placed in closed containers of same material will form minimum boiling azeotrope and will show
and same capacity as shown in figure: negative deviation from Raoult’s law
(4) At specific composition methanol-acetone mixture
will form maximum boiling azeotrope and will show
A B negative deviation from Raoult’s law
23. KH value for Ar(g), CO2 (g), HCHO (g) and CH4 (g) are
40.39, 1.67, 1.83 × 10–5 and 0.413 respectively. Arrange
these gases in the order of their increasing solubility:
water NaCl solution
(1) HCHO < CH4 < CO2 < Ar
At a given temperature, which of the following statement is (2) HCHO < CO2 < CH4 < Ar
correct about the vapour pressure of pure water and that of
(3) Ar < CO2 < CH4 < HCHO
NaCl solution?
(4) Ar < CH4 < CO2 < HCHO
(1) Vapour pressure in container (A) is more than that in
container (B). 24. Which of the following factor(s) affect the solubility of a
gaseous solute in the fixed volume of liquid solvent?
(2) Vapour pressure in container (A) is less than that in
container (B). (i) Nature of solute
(3) Vapour pressure is equal in both the containers. (ii) Temperature
(4) Vapour pressure in container (B) is twice the vapour (iii) Pressure
pressure in container (A). (1) (i) and (iii) at constant T (2) (i) and (ii) at constant p
(3) Only (iii) (4) Both (1) and (2)
20. In isotonic solutions:
(1) Solute and solvent both are always different. 25. Intermolecular forces between two benzene molecules
are nearly of same strength as those between two toluene
(2) Osmotic pressure is same.
molecules. For a mixture of benzene and toluene, which of
(3) Solute and solvent are always same. the following is/are not true?
(4) Vapour pressure is always same. (1) Δmix H = zero
21. For a binary ideal liquid solution, the variation in total vapour (2) Δmix V = zero
pressure versus composition of solution is given by which (3) These will form maximum boiling azeotrope
of the curves? (4) These will form ideal solution
26. Relative lowering of vapour pressure is a colligative property
because:
(1) It depends on the concentration of a non-electrolyte
(1) (2) solute in solution and does not depend on the nature of
the solute molecules.
(2) It does not depend on number of particles of electrolyte
solute in solution and does not depend on the nature of
the solute particles.

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 (3) It depends on the concentration of a non-electrolyte 31. Van’t Hoff factor of Hg2Cl2 in its aqueous solution will be:
solute in solution as well as on the nature of the solute (Hg2Cl2 is 80% ionized in the solution)
molecules. (1) 1.6 (2) 2.6
(4) It depends on the concentration of an electrolyte or non- (3) 3.6 (4) 4.6
electrolyte solute in solutions as well as depend on the 32. Which of the following solutions will have the highest
nature of solute molecules. boiling point?
27. Van’t Hoff factor (i) is given by the expression: (1) 1% of glucose in water (2) 1% sucrose in water
normal molar mass (3) 1% NaCl in water (4) 1% CaCl2 in water
(1) i = 33. Benzoic acid is dissolved in benzene, van’t Hoff factor will be:
abnormal molar mass
(1) 1 (2) 0.5 (3) 1.5 (4) 2
(2) i = abnormal molar mass 34. The freezing point depression constant for water is
normal molar mass
1.86 K kg mol–1. If 5.00 g Na2SO4 is dissolved in 45.0 g
observed colligative property H2O, the freezing point is changed by –3.82°C. Calculate
(3) i =
calculated colligative property the van’t Hoff factor for Na2SO4:
(1) 0.381 (2) 2.05 (3) 2.63 (4) 3.11
calculated colligative property
(4) i = 35. The van’t Hoff factor (i) for a compound which undergoes
observed colligative property
dissociation in one solvent and association in other solvent
28. Isotonic aqueous solutions must have the same: is respectively:
(1) Solute (1) Greater than one and greater than one
(2) Density (2) Less than one and less greater than one
(3) Elevation in boiling point (3) Less than one and less than one
(4) Both (1) and (2) (4) Greater than one and less than one
29. Which of the following binary mixtures will have same 36. What is the freezing point of a solution containing
composition in liquid and vapour phase? 8.2 g of HBr in 100 g water, assuming the acid to be 90%
(1) Benzene-toluene (2) Water-HNO3 ionised? (Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mol–1)
(3) Water-ethanol (4) n-hexane – n-heptane (1) 0.85°C (2) –3.622°C
30. Discounting economic considerations, which of the (3) 0°C (4) –0.35°C
following would be the best to shrink an icy road, in 37. Maximum relative lowering of vapour pressure is observed
quantities proportion to their respective formula weights: in the case of:
(1) NaCl (2) CaCl2 (1) 0.1 M glucose (2) 0.1 M BaCl2
(3) CuSO4.5H2O (4) Al2(SO4)3 (3) 0.1 M MgSO4 (4) 0.1 M NaCl

PARIKSHIT EXERCISE-3 (MULTICONCEPT)

MATCH THE COLUMN MCQs 2. Match the list-I with list-II.

1. Match the list-I with list-II. List-I List-II

List-I List-II A. [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 P. i = 1
PA B. C6H12O6 Q. i = 4
A. Roult’s law P. x ′A =
PT
COOH
B. Henry’s law Q. PA = PAo .x C. | ⋅2H 2 O R. i = 3
COOH
C. Dalton’s law R. P = KHx
D. [Co(NH3)3Cl]Cl2 S. i = 2
Abnormal molecular
D. Van’t Hoff S.
wt.
(1) A-(Q); B-(P); C-(S); D-(R)
(1) A-(S); B-(P); C-(Q); D-(R)
(2) A-(R); B-(S); C-(P); D-(Q)
(2) A-(S); B-(P); C-(Q); D-(R, S)
(3) A-(Q); B-(R); C-(P); D-(S) (3) A-(P); B-(Q); C-(S); D-(R)

(4) A-(S); B-(P, R); C-(Q); D-(R) (4) A-(S); B-(P); C-(Q); D-(R)

Solutions 71
 3. Match the list-I with list-II. 6. pA = partial pressure of component A in liquid mixture,
PA° = vapour pressure of A, χA = mole fraction of A in liquid
List-I List-II mixture
A. HClO4 (aq.) P. i = 5
List-I List-II
B. CH3COOH (In Benzene) Q. i = 2 A. C2H5OH + H2O P. Azeotropic mixture
C. K4[Fe(CN)6] (aq) R. i = 1/2 B. C2H5Br + C2H5I Q. Obeys Raoult’s law
D. NaClO3 (In Hexane) S. i = 1 C. pA = χAPA° R. Non-ideal solution with
positive deviation
(1) A-(Q); B-(R); C-(P); D-(S) S. Non-ideal solution with
D. H2O + H2SO4
(2) A-(Q); B-(S); C-(P); D-(R) negative deviation
T. Ideal solution
(3) A-(P); B-(R); C-(Q); D-(S)
(4) A-(Q); B-(R); C-(P); D-(P) (1) A-(Q, T); B-(P, R); C-(P, S); D-(P, Q)

4. Match the list-I with list-II. (2) A-(P, R); B-(Q, T); C-(Q, T); D-(P, S)
(3) A-(Q, Q); B-(P, S); C-(P, R); D-(Q, T)
List-I List-II
(4) A-(P); B-(P, R); C-(Q, S); D-(P, R)
A. Soda water P. A solution of gas in solid
B. Sugar solution Q. A solution of gas in gas 7. Match the list-I with list-II.
C. German silver R. A solution of solid in liquid List-I List-II
D. Air S. A solution of solid in solid A. P° – Ps P. Observed colligative
Hydrogen gas property
E. T. A solution of gas in liquid
in palladium Normal colligative
U. A solution of liquid in solid property
B. P° × χA = PA Q. Lowering in vapour pressure
(1) A-(T); B-(R); C-(S); D-(Q); E-(P)
(2) A-(Q); B-(P); C-(R); D-(T); E-(S) C. Mixture that boils R. Azeotropic mixture
like pure solvent
(3) A-(T); B-(S); C-(R); D-(Q); E-(P)
D. Van’t Hoff factor S. Raoult’s law
(4) A-(P); B-(T); C-(U); D-(Q); E-(R)
(1) A-(Q); B-(S); C-(R); D-(P)
5. Match the list-I with list-II.
(2) A-(S); B-(R); C-(P); D-(Q)
List-I List-II (3) A-(P); B-(Q); C-(S); D-(R)
A. Partial vapour P. Denoted by (4) A-(R); B-(P); C-(Q); D-(S)
pressure of Particles after association
8. MwN = Normal molecular mass of solute
liquid or dissociation
i= Mw2 = Observed molecular of solute from colligative
Initial number of particles
property measurement
B. Vapour Q.
PA = PAo . x A
composition List-I List-II
C. Depression in R. P A. Mw2 < MwN P. 0.1 M CH3 COOH in benzene
Freezing point X ′A = A
PT B. Mw2 ≈ (MwN) ⁄ 3 Q. 0.1 M urea in water

D. Van’t Hoff S. C. Mw2 > MwN R. 0.05 M barium chloride in

∆Tf =
k f xm
factor water
D. Mw2 = MwN S. 0.1 CH3 COOH in water
(1) A-(Q); B-(R); C-(S); D-(P)
(2) A-(P); B-(Q); C-(R); D-(S) (1) A-(R, S); B-(R); C-(P); D-(Q)
(2) A-(R); B-(P); C-(Q); D-(S)
(3) A-(P); B-(S); C-(P); D-(R)
(3) A-(P); B-(R, S); C-(R); D-(P)
(4) A-(P); B-(S); C-(P); D-(R) (4) A-(Q); B-(P); C-(S); D-(R)

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 9. Match the list-I with list-II. C. Supersaturated solutions contain more solute than
List-I List-II they should at a particular temperature.
A. Saturated solution P. Solution having same Correct characteristics of supersaturated solutions are:
osmotic pressure at a (1) A, B, C (2) B, C
given temperature as that (3) A, C (4) A, B
of given solution
13. A graph is plotted between the vapour pressure and mole
B. Binary solution Q. A solution whose osmotic
fraction of a solution containing benzene and toluene.
pressure is less than that Choose the incorrect options.
of another.
80 Liquid (L)
C. Isotonic solution R. Solution with two
60 c
components Pressure L+V d
D. Hypotonic solution S. A solution which (mm Hg) 40 a
contains maximum b
20 Vapour (V)
amount of solute that can
be dissolved in a given
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
amount of solvent at a
Xbenzene
given temperature
T. A solution whose osmotic (1) At the point a, the mole fraction of toluene is 0.80.
E. Solid solution
pressure is more than that (2) b → c represents condensation
of another (3) c → d represents vaporization
F. Hypertonic solution U. A solution in solid phase (4) c → d represents vaporization as well as condensation
14. The following two graphs are plotted between the
(1) A-(P); B-(R); C-(Q); D-(S); E-(T); F-(U)
temperature and mole fraction of the component of two
(2) A-(Q); B-(R); C-(U); D-(T); E-(P); F-(S) different azeotropic mixtures. (X 1 = mole fraction of
(3) A-(S); B-(R); C-(P); D-(Q); E-(U); F-(T) solvent).
(4) A-(S); B-(R); C-(Q); D-(P); E-(T); F-(U) Vapour
T1 T2
10. Match the list-I with list-II. Temperature
List-I List-II
A. Raoult’s law P. Effect of pressure on the
Liquid
solubility of gas in liquid
B. Henry’s law Q. P° − P
s
= χB 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
P° X1
C. Ethyl alcohol + Water R. Ideal solution Graph A
D. Benzene + Toluene S. Azeotropic mixture Vapour
(1) A-(P); B-(Q); C-(R); D-(S)
Temperature

(2) A-(R); B-(S); C-(P); D-(Q) Liquid T1

(3) A-(Q,R); B-(P); C-(S); D-(R)
(4) A-(S); B-(R); C-(Q); D-(P) T2

CORRECT-INCORRECT STATEMENT MCQs 0.0 0.6 0.8 1.0

0.2 0.4
11. If mole fraction of solvent in solution decreases, then which X1
of the following statement is correct? Graph B
(1) Vapour pressure of solution increases Choose the correct options
(2) B.P. decreases (1) Graph A represents minimum boiling point and
(3) Osmotic pressure increases maximum vapour pressure.
(4) All are correct (2) Graph B represent minimum boiling point and minimum
vapour pressure.
12. There are some of the characteristics of the supersaturated (3) Graph A represents maximum boiling point and
solution: minimum vapour pressure.
A. Equilibrium exists between solutions and solute. (4) Graph B represents minimum boiling point and
B. If a crystal of solute is added to supersaturated maximum vapour pressure.
solution, crystallization occurs rapidly.

Solutions 73
 15. Study the following figure, and choose the correct options. (1) There will be no net movement across the membrane
(2) Glucose will flow towards urea solution
(3) Urea will flow towards glucose solution
0.1-M 0.05-M (4) Water will flow from urea solution towards glucose
NaCl BaCl2 solution
solution solution
STATEMENT BASED MCQs
Semipermeable (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.
membrane
(2) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect.
(1) There will be no movement of any solution across the
membrane. (3) Statement-I is correct & Statement-II is incorrect.
(2) Solvent of BaCl2 will flow towards the NaCl solution. (4) Statement-I is incorrect & Statement-II is correct.
(3) NaCl will flow towards the BaCl2 solution. 21. Statement-I: The mass of acetic acid molecule in benzene
(4) The osmotic pressure of 0.1 M NaCl is lower than the is more than the actual value of the solute.
osmotic pressure of 0.05 M BaCl2, assuming complete Statement-II: Molecules of acetic acid dimerise in benzene
dissociation of the electrolyte. due to hydrogen bonding.
16. Incorrect statement is: 22. Statement-I: Henry’s law and Raoult’s law are not
(1) Vapour pressure should be measured only at equilibrium. independent, i.e., one can be derived from the other.
(2) Vapour pressure increases with increasing temperature. Statement-II: The partial pressure is directly proportional to
(3) Vapour pressure does not depends on open surface area the mole fraction of the concerned species for ideal solutions.
of liquid. 23. Statement-I: The osmotic pressure of 0.1 M urea solution
(4) Vapour pressure of liquid decreases with increasing is less than 0.1 M NaCl solution.
temperature. Statement-II: Osmotic pressure is not a colligative property.
17. At 35°C, the vapour pressure of CS2 is 512 mm Hg, and of 24. Statement-I: van’t Hoff factor for electrolytes is always
acetone is 344 mm Hg. A solution of CS2 and acetone in, more than unity.
which the mol fraction of CS2 is 0.25, has a total vapour Statement-II: The number of particles increases in solution
pressure of 600 mm Hg. Which of the following statement due to electrolytic dissociation.
is/are correct?
25. Statement-I: Non-ideal solutions form an azeotropic
(1) A mixture of 100 mL of acetone and 100 mL of CS2 has mixture
a volume of 200 mL.
Statement-II: The boiling point of an azeotropic mixture is
(2) When acetone and CS2 are mixed at 35°C, heat must be only higher than boiling points of both components
absorbed in order to produce a solution at 35°C.
26. Statement-I: Ebulliscopy or cryoscopy is generally not used
(3) When acetone and CS2 are mixed at 35°C, heat is
for the determination of Mol. wt. of polymers.
released.
Statement-II: High molecular weight solute leads to very
(4) There is negative deviation from Raoult’s law.
low value of ∆Tb or ∆Tf.
18. Which of the following statements is correct, if the
27. Statement-I: Near the freezing point of an aqueous solution
intermolecular forces in liquids A, B and C are in the order
of a non-volatile solute only ice separates out.
A < B < C?
Statement-II: The remaining solution shows equilibrium
(1) B evaporates more readily than A
between solid solvent-liquid solvent.
(2) B evaporates less readily than C
28. Statement-I: Vapour pressure of 0.5 M sugar solution is
(3) A and B evaporate at the same rate
more than 0.5 M KCl solution.
(4) A evaporates more readily than C
Statement-II: Relative lowering of vapour pressure is
19. Acetone and chloroform interact feebly to give weak directly proportional to the number of species present in the
hydrogen bond. Which one of the following is correct for solution.
this solution?
29. Statement-I: On adding NaCl to water its vapour pressure
(1) The solution obeys Raoult’s law increase.
(2) The solution shows –ve deviation from Raoult’s law. Statement-II: Addition of non-volatile solute decreases the
(3) The solution shows +ve deviation from the Raoult’s law. vapour pressure.
(4) There is a slight increases in volume. 30. Statement-I: Osmotic pressure of non-aqueous solutions
20. If 0.1 M solution of glucose and 0.1 M urea solution are can be determined by Berkeley-Hartley method.
placed on two sides of a semipermeable membrane to equal Statement-II: The semipermeable membrane used in
heights, then it will be correct to say that- Berkeley-Harley method is Cu2[Fe(CN)6].

74 P NEET Dropper Module-2 CHEMISTRY

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ASSERTION & REASON MCQs Reason (R): Depression in freezing point depends only on
(1) Assertion (A) is true, Reason (R) is true; Reason (R) is a the nature of solvent.
correct explanation for Assertion (A). 36. Assertion (A): Molarity and molality of 111 mg CaCl2 in/
(2) Assertion (A) is true, Reason (R) is true; Reason (R) is not kg H2O is nearly same.
a correct explanation for Assertion (A). Reason (R): In dilute aqueous solution molarity and molality

(3) Assertion (A) is true, Reason (R) is false. are apporimately equal.
(4) Assertion (A) is false, Reason (R) is true. 37. Assertion (A): The freezing point of water is depressed by
31. Assertion (A): 0.1 M solution of NaCl has greater osmotic the addition of glucose.
pressure than 0.1 M solution of glucose at same temperature. Reason (R): Entropy of solution is less than entropy of pure
Reason (R): In solution, NaCl dissociates to produce more solvent.
number of particles.
38. Assertion (A): Molal elevation constant depends on the
32. Assertion (A): Relative lowering of vapour pressure is equal nature of solvent.
to mole fraction of the solvent.
Reason (R): Molal elevation constant is the elevation in
Reason (R): Relative lowering of vapour pressure is a boiling point when 1 mole of the non volatile solute is
colligative property.
dissolved in 1 kg of solvent.
33. Assertion (A): Two solutions having same osmotic pressures
39. Assertion (A): 1 molal aqueous solution is always more
will also have same vapour pressures.
concentrated than 1 molar aqueous solution.
Reason (R): Relative lowering of vapour pressure is a
colligative property. Reason (R): A molal solution contains one mole of solute
in 1000 gm. of solvent.
34. Assertion (A): Cooking time is reduced in pressure cooker.
Reason (R): Boiling point of water inside the pressure 40. Assertion (A): At ice  water equilibrium, on increasing
cooker is elevated. the pressure freezing point of water decreases.
35. Assertion (A): Larger the value of cryoscopic constant of Reason (R): Ice have low density so equilibrium shift in

the solvent, lesser will be the freezing point of the solution. forward direction when pressure is increased.

PYQ's EXERCISE-4 (NEET PAST YEAR QUESTIONS)

1. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (2) p = p1 + p2 + p3
A and the other is labelled as Reason R: (2023) RT RT RT
Assertion (A): Helium is used to dilute oxygen in diving (3) p = n1 + n2 + n3
V V V
apparatus. (4) pi = xip, where pi = partial pressure of ith gas
Reasons (R): Helium has high solubility in O2. In the light
xi = mole fraction of ith gas in gaseous mixture
of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the
options given below: 4. The following solutions were prepared by dissolving 10g
of glucose (C6H12O6) in 250 ml of water (P1), 10g of urea
(1) (A) is false but (R) is true.
(CH4N2O) in 250 ml of water (P2) and 10g of sucrose
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct (C12H22O11) in 250 ml of water (P3). The right option for
explanation of (A). the decreasing order of osmotic pressure of these solutions
(3) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT the correct is: (2021)
explanation of (A). (1) P1 > P2 > P3 (2) P2 > P3 > P1
(4) (A) is true but (R) is false. (3) P3 > P1 > P2 (4) P2 > P1 > P3
2. In one molal solution that contains 0.5 mole of a solute, 5. The correct option for the value of vapour pressure of a
there is: (2022) solution at 45°C with benzene to octane in molar ratio
(1) 1000 g of solvent (2) 500 mL of solvent 3 : 2 is:
(3) 500 g of solvent (4) 100 mL of solvent [At 45°C vapour pressure of benzene is 280 mm Hg and
3. Which one is not correct mathematical equation for Dalton’s that of octane is 420 mm Hg. Assume Ideal gas] (2021)
Law of partial pressure? Here p = total pressure of gaseous (1) 168 mm of Hg (2) 336 mm of Hg
mixture. (2022) (3) 350 mm of Hg (4) 160 mm of Hg
o th
(1) pi = xipi , where xi = mole fraction of i gas in gaseous 6. The mixture which shows positive deviation from Raoult’s
mixture law is: (2020)
pio = pressure of ith gas in pure state (1) Benzene + Toluene
(2) Acetone + Chloroform

Solutions 75
 (3) Chloroethane + Bromoethane 16. The van’t Hoff factor (i) for a dilute aqueous solution of the
(4) Ethanol + Acetone strong electrolyte barium hydroxide is: (2016-II)
7. The freezing point depression constant (Kf) of benzene is 5.12 (1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 0 (4) 1
K kg mol–1. The freezing point depression for the solution of 17. At 100°C, the vapour pressure of a solution of 6.5g of a solute
molality 0.078 m containing a non-electrolyte solute in benzene in 100g water is 732 mm. If Kb = 0.52, the boiling point of
is (rounded off upto two decimal places): (2020) this solution will be: (2016-I)
(1) 0.80 K (2) 0.40 K (3) 0.60 K (4) 0.20 K (1) 103° C (2) 101° C
8. If 8 g of a non-electrolyte solute is dissolved in 114 g of (3) 100° C (4) 102° C
n-octane to reduce its vapour pressure to 80%, the molar
mass (in g mol–1) of the solute is 18. Which of the following statements about the composition of
the vapour over an ideal 1 : 1 molar mixture of benzene and
[Given that molar mass of n-octane is 114 g mol –1 ]
 (2020-Covid) toluene is correct? Assume that the temperature is at 25°C.
(1) 60 (2) 80 (3) 20 (4) 40 (Given, vapour pressure data at 25°C, benzene = 12.8 kPa,
9. Isotonic solutions have same: (2020-Covid) toluene = 3.85 kPa) (2016-I)
(1) Freezing temperature (2) Osmotic pressure (1) The vapour will contain equal amounts of benzene and
(3) Boiling temperature (4) Vapour pressure toluene
10. For an ideal solution, the correct option is:  (2019) (2) Not enough information is given to make a prediction
(1) ∆mix S = 0 at constant T and P (3) The vapour will contain a higher percentage of benzene
(2) ∆mix V ≠ 0 at constant T and P (4) The vapour will contain a higher percentage of toluene
(3) ∆mix H = 0 at constant T and P 19. What is the mole fraction of the solute in a 1.00 m aqueous
(4) ∆mix G = 0 at constant T and P solution? (2015 Re)
11. The mixture that forms maximum boiling azeotrope is: (2019) (1) 0.0177 (2) 0.177
(1) Water + Nitric acid (3) 1.770 (4) 0.0354
(2) Ethanol + Water 20. Which one of the following electrolytes has the same value
(3) Acetone + Carbon disulphide of van’t Hoff’s factor (i) as that of Al2(SO4)3 (if all are 100%
ionised)? (2015)
(4) Heptane + Octane
(1) K3[Fe(CN)6] (2) Al(NO3)3
12. If molality of the dilute solution is doubled, the value of
(3) K4[Fe(CN)6] (4) K2SO4
molal depression constant (Kf) will be: (2017-Delhi)
21. Which one is not equal to zero for an ideal solution?(2015)
(1) Unchanged (2) Doubled
(1) ∆Smix
(3) Halved (4) Tripled
(2) ∆Vmix
13. Which of the following is dependent on temperature?
(3) ∆P = Pobserved – PRaoult
(1) Weight percentage (2) Molality (2017-Delhi)
(4) ∆Hmix
(3) Molarity (4) Mole fraction
22. The boiling point of 0.2 mol kg–1 solution of X in water is
14. Toluene in the vapour phase is in equilibrium with a solution greater than equimolal solution of Y in water. Which one of
of benzene and toluene having mole fraction of toluene 0.50. the following statements is true in this case? (2015)
If vapour pressure of pure benzene is 119 torr and that of
(1) Molecular mass of X is greater than the molecular mass
toluene is 37.0 torr at the same temperature, mole fraction
of Y.
of toluene in vapour phase will be: (2017-Gujarat)
(2) Molecular mass of X is less than the molecular mass of Y.
(1) 0.325 (2) 0.462
(3) Y is undergoing dissociation in water while X undergoes
(3) 0.237 (4) 0.506 no change.
15. Which one of the following is incorrect for ideal solution? (4) X is undergoing dissociation in water.
(1) ∆P = Pobs – Pcalculated by Raoult’s law = 0 (2016-II)
23. Of the following 0.10 m aqueous solutions, which one will
(2) ∆Gmix = 0 exhibit the largest freezing point depression? (2014)
(3) ∆Hmix = 0 (1) C6H12O6 (2) Al2(SO4)3
(4) ∆Umix = 0 (3) K2SO4 (4) KCl

76 P NEET Dropper Module-2 CHEMISTRY

W
 Answer Key

CONCEPT APPLICATION
1. 5.8 ppm 2. (a) 37.92 %, (b) 0.065, (c) Molality of Na+ = 7.73 m, Molality of S2O32– = 3.86 m 3. (1) 4. (4)
5. (3) 6. (1) 7. (2) 8. (4) 9. 0.52 K kg mol–1 10. (4) 11. (3) 12. w = 494.6 g
13. w = 247.31 g 14. 0.22167 atm 15. 59.99 g mol–1 16. (4) 17. 46.3334°C

PRARAMBH EXERCISE-1 (TOPICWISE)

1. (1) 2. (2) 3. (2) 4. (4) 5. (2) 6. (3) 7. (3) 8. (3) 9. (2) 10. (2)
11. (1) 12. (1) 13. (1) 14. (4) 15. (2) 16. (3) 17. (3) 18. (4) 19. (3) 20. (2)
21. (3) 22. (1) 23. (1) 24. (2) 25. (1) 26. (2) 27. (3) 28. (4) 29. (1) 30. (1)
31. (4) 32. (3) 33. (2) 34. (2) 35. (4) 36. (3) 37. (1) 38. (2) 39. (2) 40. (3)
41. (1) 42. (1) 43. (3) 44. (1) 45. (3) 46. (4) 47. (4) 48. (3) 49. (4) 50. (1)
51. (1) 52. (2) 53. (3) 54. (3) 55. (2) 56. (3) 57. (3) 58. (4) 59. (1) 60. (3)
61. (3) 62. (2) 63. (2) 64. (3) 65. (2) 66. (4) 67. (3) 68. (2) 69. (3) 70. (1)
71. (1) 72. (1) 73. (1) 74. (3) 75. (1) 76. (4) 77. (4) 78. (1) 79. (2) 80. (4)
81. (3) 82. (1) 83. (1) 84. (1) 85. (1)

PRABAL EXERCISE-2 (LEARNING PLUS)

1. (4) 2. (3) 3. (3) 4. (2) 5. (1) 6. (2) 7. (2) 8. (3) 9. (4) 10. (1)
11. (1) 12. (2) 13. (2) 14. (1) 15. (2) 16. (2) 17. (3) 18. (2) 19. (1) 20. (2)
21. (4) 22. (1) 23. (3) 24. (4) 25. (3) 26. (1) 27. (1,3) 28. (3) 29. (2,3) 30. (4)
31. (2) 32. (4) 33. (2) 34. (3) 35. (4) 36. (2) 37. (2)

PARIKSHIT EXERCISE-3 (MULTICONCEPT)

1. (3) 2. (1) 3. (1) 4. (1) 5. (1) 6. (2) 7. (1) 8. (1) 9. (3) 10. (3)
11. (3) 12. (2) 13. (4) 14. (1) 15. (2) 16. (4) 17. (2) 18. (4) 19. (2) 20. (1)
21. (1) 22. (1) 23. (3) 24. (1) 25. (3) 26. (1) 27. (1) 28. (1) 29. (4) 30. (4)
31. (1) 32. (4) 33. (4) 34. (1) 35. (3) 36. (1) 37. (3) 38. (2) 39. (4) 40. (1)

PYQ'S EXERCISE-4 (NEET PAST YEAR QUESTIONS)

1. (4) 2. (3) 3. (1) 4. (4) 5. (2) 6. (4) 7. (2) 8. (4) 9. (2) 10. (3)
11. (1) 12. (1) 13. (3) 14. (3) 15. (2) 16. (2) 17. (2) 18. (3) 19. (1) 20. (3)
21. (1) 22. (4) 23. (2)

Solutions 77