NDT Procedure for Radiography
Inspection
A Nondestructive testing (NDT) Procedure suitable for General
Industrial Radiography Inspections. This is a sample RT
procedure and may be required to be modified as per specific
requirements.
NDT Procedure No: -DOC-RT-06 Rev ‘01’
NDT procedures and sample reports formats
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PROCEDURE FOR
RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
Procedure NoRT-Doc-06 Rev ‘01’
This procedure & other NDT procedures
1.0 SCOPE
1.1 This procedure covers the technique, acceptance standard for radiographic testing of castings
and welding.
2.0 APPLICABLE STANDARD
2.1 ASME Section V Article 2.
2.2 QAP as per Customer.
2.3 ASME Section VIII DIV 1 & 2.
2.4 ASTM E-9, E-155, E-186, E-446, E-689, E-1030, E-1648, E-1742.
3.0 EQUIPMENT & ACCESSORIES
3.1 X-Ray / Gamma Ray - Source of radiation.
3.2 Industrial X-Ray Film. Type 1 or 2 ASTM E-1815.
3.3 Film Holders and cassettes.
3.4 X-ray Film Viewer.
3.5 IQI as per ASME Section V article 2 table 276.
3.6 Processing - Developer, Fixer & wetting agent.
3.7 Exposure charts / scale.
3.0 OPERATION QUALIFICATION
4.1 The Radiographic examiner should be qualified and certified confirming to recommended
practice as per SNT - TC-IA.
5.0 TERMINOLOGY
5.1 For definitions of terms used in the test method is as per ASTM E1316.
6.0 PROCEDURE
6.1 Time of Examination ~ Radiography may be performed prior or afterheat treatment and in
rough, machined or finished conditions.
6.2 Surface preparation ~ The surface shall be prepared as necessary to remove any
conditions that could mask or be confused with the image of any discontinuity.
6.3 Source to film distance ~ Source to film distance should be taken care of the
geometric unsharpness. Geometric unsharpness should not be greater than one percent of
the maximum part thickness being interpreted on radiograph, or 0.0070", whichever is
less.
6.4 Direction of Radiation ~ The direction of radiation shall be governed by the geometry of
the material and the radiographic coverage and quality requirements stipulated by the applicable
job. Wherever
Practicable, place the central beam of the radiation perpendicular to the surface of the film.
6.5 Back scattered radiation protection ~ Radiation emanating from surfaces behind the film
i.e walls, floors, etc. serves to reduce radiographic contrast and may produce undesirable effects is
on radiographic quality. A lead sheet placed behind the film generally furnish adequate protection
against back scattered radiation.
6.6 Location Markers ~ The radiographic image of the location markers shall appear on
the film without interfering the interpretation. These marker positions shall be marked on the
material and the position of the markers shall be maintained on the part during the radiographic
cycle
.
7.0 PENETRAMETER (I.Q.I)
7.1 One penetrameter shall represent an area within which radiographic densities do not vary
more than +30% to -15% from the density measured through the body of the penetrameter.
7.2 Additional penetrameter should be used if variation in density is by more than
-15% or +30%ranges.
7.3 The penetrameter should be kept on the source side of the casting being radiographed. If
it is not possible penetrameter of next lower designation can be placed on film side with prefix F on
the penetrameter.
7.4 IQI as per ASME Section V article 2 table 276.
8.0 GEOMETRNIC UN SHARPENESS (Ug)
8.1 Ug Shall be maintained as per Section V article 2 table T – 285R
9.0 RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING
9.1 Single wall technique -- Radiography shall be performed using this Technique in which
radiation passes through only one wall.
9.2 Double wall technique --- This technique in which the radiation passes through both walls and
both the walls are viewed for acceptance on the same film
10.0 PROCESSING
10.1 Processing according to the ASTM E 94.
11.0 RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION
11.1 Film Quality --- The radiograph Quality requirement as per ASTM E 746, E 1735.
11.2---------------------Film Evaluation The acceptance or rejection of the material is by comparing the
radiographic image to
the agreed upon acceptance criteria.
12.0 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
12.1 As per ASTM E 446 and ASME Section VIII D 1 & 2