Introduction to Chemistry/ MBBS
Prof. Mohamed Zayed
List of Contents
Session 2 (Interactive lecture)
✓The scientific method.
✓Physical quantities: units and scientific notation.
✓Measuring mass, length, and volume.
Matter and Measurements 2
Students Learning Outcomes (SLOs)
Session 2 (Interactive lecture)
❑ Describe the scientific method, which is a systematic approach to
research in all scientific disciplines.
❑ Calculate the values mass, length, volume, and temperature in the
metric and SI units of measurement.
❑ Differentiate measurements units using the metric system and the
English system.
❑ Write down numbers in scientific notation.
Matter and Measurements 3
Matter and Measurements 4
Students Learning Outcomes (SLOs)
Session 2 (Small group discussion)
❑ Describe the scientific method, which is a systematic approach to
research in all scientific disciplines.
❑ Calculate the values mass, length, volume, and temperature in the
metric and SI units of measurement.
❑ Differentiate measurements units using the metric system and the
English system.
❑ Write down numbers in scientific notation.
Matter and Measurements 5
Measurement
• Every measurement is composed of a number and a
unit.
Matter and Measurements 6
The Metric System
• The same prefixes are used for all types of
measurement.
• For example, the prefix kilo- means 1,000 times as large.
• Thus, 1 kilometer = 1,000 meters or 1 km = 1,000 m
• 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams or 1 kg = 1,000 g
• 1 kiloliter = 1,000 liters or 1 kL = 1,000 L
• In 1960, the International System of Units was formally
adopted as the uniform system of units for the sciences.
• SI units, as they are called, are based on the metric
system.
Matter and Measurements 7
Matter and Measurements 8
Matter and Measurements 9
The Metric System
1.1000 µm is larger than:
a) 1000 mm
b) 1000 cm
c) 1000 dm
d) 1000 nm
e) 1000 km
Matter and Measurements 10
Students Learning Outcomes (SLOs)
Session 2 (Interactive lecture)
❑ Describe the scientific method, which is a systematic approach to
research in all scientific disciplines.
❑ Calculate the values mass, length, volume, and temperature in the
metric and SI units of measurement.
❑ Differentiate measurements units using the metric system and the
English system.
❑ Write down numbers in scientific notation.
Matter and Measurements 11
Scientific Notation
• Healthcare professionals and scientists must
often deal with very large and very small
numbers.
• For example:
• The blood platelet = 250,000 platelets/mL.
• The level of the female sex hormone estriol during
pregnancy = 0.000 000 250 g/mL of blood plasma.
• To write numbers that contain many leading
zeros (at the beginning) or trailing zeros (at the
end), scientists use scientific notation.
Matter and Measurements 12
Scientific Notation
Matter and Measurements 13
Scientific Notation
• In scientific notation, a number is written as y × 10x.
• The term y, called the coefficient, is a number between
1 and 10.
• The value x is an exponent, which can be any positive or
negative whole number.
Matter and Measurements 14
Scientific Notation
Matter and Measurements 15
Scientific Notation
Matter and Measurements 16
Rounding in Scientific Notation
Two Figures
Matter and Measurements 17
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