P U R E M AT H E M AT I C S L E C T U R E N O T E S
Advanced Vector Calculus & Integration Theorems
Section 1: Vector Fields and Line Integrals
A vector field assigns a vector to every point in a given space. Line integrals evaluate the accumulation of a
field along a parameterized path.
1.1 Work Done by a Force Field
The work done by a continuous force vector field F along a smooth curve C parameterized by r(t) for a ≤ t ≤
b is defined as:
Work = ∫C F · dr = ∫ab F(r(t)) · r'(t) dt
Section 2: Fundamental Integral Theorems
2.1 Green's Theorem in the Plane
Green's Theorem establishes a direct mathematical relationship between a line integral around a simple
closed curve C and a double integral over the plane region D bounded by C:
∮C (P dx + Q dy) = ∬D ( ∂Q/∂x - ∂P/∂y ) dA
This holds true when C is positively oriented, piecewise-smooth, and simple.
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