2018

Static Routing
Configuration for
CCNP Students
By
Eng. Abeer Hosni
Lab1 (IPV4 static routing)

Objectives:

 Configure the network shown above so that PC1 can reach all other PCs
in the network using static routing.

 If you configure R1 to use its exit interface, figure out why this is not
the preferred way.
Configuration:
PC1> ip [Link] [Link] [Link]
PC2> ip [Link] [Link] [Link]
PC3> ip [Link] [Link] [Link]
PC4> ip [Link] [Link] [Link]

R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#int f1/0
R1(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config)#int f0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
 R2(config-if)#int f1/0
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)#no shutdown

The network is not yet pingable since we haven’t configured static routing
yet. PC1> ping [Link]
*[Link] icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=109.127 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)
*[Link] icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=10.226 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)
*[Link] icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=10.247 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)
*[Link] icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=11.181 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)
*[Link] icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=9.350 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)

Since this is a broadcast network, in IPv4 it’s recommended to use next hop IP address
instead of the router exit interface.

R1(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]

The network is still not pingable since R2 doesn’t have a route back to the
[Link]/24 network.
PC1> ping [Link]
[Link] icmp_seq=1 timeout
[Link] icmp_seq=2 timeout
[Link] icmp_seq=3 timeout
[Link] icmp_seq=4 timeout
[Link] icmp_seq=5 timeout

R2(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]

Now the network should be pingable.
PC1> ping [Link]
[Link] icmp_seq=1 timeout
[Link] icmp_seq=2 timeout
84 bytes from [Link] icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=44.190 ms
84 bytes from [Link] icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 time=43.210 ms
84 bytes from [Link] icmp_seq=5 ttl=62 time=32.269 ms
Verification:
R1#show ip route
<Output omitted>
[Link]/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C [Link]/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L [Link]/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
[Link]/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C [Link]/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
L [Link]/32 is directly connected,
FastEthernet1/0 [Link]/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S [Link] [1/0] via [Link]

R2#show ip route
<Output omitted>
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S [Link] [1/0] via [Link]
[Link]/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C [Link]/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L [Link]/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
[Link]/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C [Link]/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
L [Link]/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

After pinging PC2, PC3 and PC4:

R1#show arp
Protocol Address Age (min) Hardware Addr Type Interface
Internet [Link] - ca01.0200.0000 ARPA FastEthernet0/0
Internet [Link] 1 0050.7966.6800 ARPA FastEthernet0/0
Internet [Link] - ca01.0200.001c ARPA FastEthernet1/0
Internet [Link] 7 ca02.0718.0000 ARPA FastEthernet1/0

If we configure R1 to use its exit interface instead of next hop IP address:

R1(config)#no ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
R1(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] f1/0
After pinging PC2, PC3 and PC4:
R1#show arp
Protocol Address Age (min) Hardware Addr Type Interface
Internet [Link] - ca01.0200.0000 ARPA FastEthernet0/0
Internet [Link] 0 0050.7966.6800 ARPA FastEthernet0/0
Internet [Link] - ca01.0200.001c ARPA FastEthernet1/0
Internet [Link] 46 ca02.0718.0000 ARPA FastEthernet1/0
Internet [Link] 0 ca02.0718.0000 ARPA FastEthernet1/0
Internet [Link] 0 ca02.0718.0000 ARPA FastEthernet1/0
Internet [Link] 0 ca02.0718.0000 ARPA FastEthernet1/0

R1 will ARP for each destination IP we want to reach using the next hop MAC address.
R2#show ip int f0/0 | include Proxy
Proxy ARP is enabled
Local Proxy ARP is disabled

That’s why it’s recommended in IPV4 broadcast networks to use next hop IP address to
not increase the size of the ARP cache table.

Lab2 (IPV4 Default Route)

Objective:
Add loopback interfaces to R2, and then configure R1 to reach those interfaces in only
one step.
Configuration:
R2(config)#int loopback 0
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)#int loopback 1
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)#int loopback 2
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R1(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]

Verification:
R1#show ip route
<Output omitted>
Gateway of last resort is [Link] to network [Link]
S* [Link]/0 [1/0] via [Link]
[Link]/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C [Link]/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L [Link]/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
[Link]/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C [Link]/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
L [Link]/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 1
subnets S [Link] [1/0] via [Link]

R2#show ip route
<Output omitted>
Gateway of last resort is not set

[Link]/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

S [Link] [1/0] via [Link]
[Link]/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C [Link]/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L [Link]/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
[Link]/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C [Link]/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
L [Link]/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
[Link]/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C [Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L [Link]/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
[Link]/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C [Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
L [Link]/32 is directly connected, Loopback1
[Link]/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C [Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback2
L [Link]/32 is directly connected, Loopback2

PC1> ping [Link]

84 bytes from [Link] icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=62.372 ms
84 bytes from [Link] icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=32.335 ms
84 bytes from [Link] icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=22.299 ms
84 bytes from [Link] icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=24.343 ms
84 bytes from [Link] icmp_seq=5 ttl=254 time=32.313 ms
Lab3 (IPV4 Static Routing)

Objectives:

 Configure this network using static and default routes to be a

pingable one.
Configuration:
R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#int loopback 1
R1(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]

R2(config)#int f1/0
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#int f0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R3(config)#int f1/0
R3(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#int loopback 3
R3(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]

R1(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]

R2(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
R2(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
R3(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
R3(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
Verification:
R1#show ip route static
<Output omitted>
S* [Link]/0 [1/0] via [Link]

R2#show ip route static

<Output omitted>
S* [Link]/0 [1/0] via [Link]
[Link]/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S [Link] [1/0] via [Link]

R3#show ip route static

<Output omitted>
[Link]/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S [Link] [1/0] via [Link]
[Link]/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S [Link] [1/0] via [Link]

R1#ping [Link] source [Link]

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to [Link], timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of [Link]
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/49/120 ms

Lab4 (IPV4 Floating Static Route)

Objective:
Configure R1 to reach the [Link]/32 network using its f1/0 interface. If it is down, R1 should
use its f0/0 interface to reach the network until the f1/0 interface is up again. Use static
route configuration to accomplish that.
Configuration:
R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#int f1/0
R1(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#int loopback 1
R1(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]

R2(config)#int f0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#int f1/0
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#int loop 2
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]

R1(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link] 5

R1(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]

R2(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link] 5

R2(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]

Verification:
R1#show run | include ip route
ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
ip route [Link] [Link] [Link] 5

R1#show ip route [Link]

Routing entry for [Link]/32
Known via "static", distance 1, metric 0
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* [Link]
Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
 R1#ping [Link] source loopback 1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to [Link], timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of [Link]
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/43/100 ms

R1(config)#int f1/0
R1(config-if)#shutdown
R1(config-if)#do show ip route [Link]
Routing entry for [Link]/32
Known via "static", distance 5, metric 0
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* [Link]
Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
Routing entry for [Link]/32
Known via "static", distance 1, metric 0
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* [Link]
Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
Hint:
The route back from R2 to R1 doesn’t have to be the same path that R1 takes
to reach the [Link]/32 network.

Lab4 (IPV6 Static Routing)

R1#debug ipv6 nd
ICMP Neighbor Discovery events debugging is on

R1(config)#int f0/0

R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:12::1/64

*Mar 1 00:02:34.399: ICMPv6-ND: Prefix Information change for 2001:12::/64, 0x0 -> 0xE0

*Mar 1 00:02:34.403: ICMPv6-ND: Adding prefix 2001:12::/64 to FastEthernet0/0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

*Mar 1 00:02:37.571: ICMPv6-ND: Sending NS for FE80::C000:BFF:FE10:0 on FastEthernet0/0

*Mar 1 00:02:38.571: ICMPv6-ND: DAD: FE80::C000:BFF:FE10:0 is unique.

*Mar 1 00:02:38.571: ICMPv6-ND: Sending NA for FE80::C000:BFF:FE10:0 on FastEthernet0/0

*Mar 1 00:02:38.571: ICMPv6-ND: Linklocal FE80::C000:BFF:FE10:0 on FastEthernet0/0, Up

*Mar 1 00:02:38.575: ICMPv6-ND: Address FE80::C000:BFF:FE10:0/10 is up on FastEthernet0/0

*Mar 1 00:02:38.579: ICMPv6-ND: Sending NS for 2001:12::1 on FastEthernet0/0

*Mar 1 00:02:39.551: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

*Mar 1 00:02:39.583: ICMPv6-ND: DAD: 2001:12::1 is unique.

*Mar 1 00:02:39.583: ICMPv6-ND: Sending NA for 2001:12::1 on FastEthernet0/0

*Mar 1 00:02:39.587: ICMPv6-ND: Address 2001:12::1/64 is up on FastEthernet0/0

*Mar 1 00:02:40.551: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0,

changed state to up

R1(config)#int loop 1

R1(config-if)#ipv6 add 2001::1/128

*Mar 1 00:17:16.767: ICMPv6-ND: DAD: FE80::C000:BFF:FE10:0 is unique.

*Mar 1 00:17:16.767: ICMPv6-ND: Linklocal FE80::C000:BFF:FE10:0 on Loopback1, Up

*Mar 1 00:17:16.767: ICMPv6-ND: Address FE80::C000:BFF:FE10:0/10 is up on Loopback1

*Mar 1 00:17:16.775: ICMPv6-ND: Prefix Information change for 2001::1/128, 0x0 -> 0xE0

*Mar 1 00:17:16.779: ICMPv6-ND: Adding prefix 2001::1/128 to Loopback1

*Mar 1 00:17:16.783: ICMPv6-ND: DAD: 2001::1 is unique.

*Mar 1 00:17:16.783: ICMPv6-ND: Address 2001::1/128 is up on Loopback1

The ICMPv6-ND Neighbor Discovery process is just like the ARP process in IPV4. The router
sends ND to check that the address is unique, the DAD (Duplicate Address Detection)
process, and a NA Neighbor Advertise to tell everyone not to use that address. This process
happens twice, one for the manually assigned address and one for the link local address.

Now we will enable routing on R1.

R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

*Mar 1 00:19:28.083: ICMPv6-ND: Request to send RA for FE80::C000:CFF:FE34:0

*Mar 1 00:19:28.083: ICMPv6-ND: Sending RA from FE80::C000:CFF:FE34:0 to FF02::1 on

FastEthernet0/0

*Mar 1 00:19:28.083: ICMPv6-ND: MTU = 1500

*Mar 1 00:19:28.083: ICMPv6-ND: prefix = 2001:12::/64 onlink autoconfig

*Mar 1 00:19:28.087: ICMPv6-ND: 2592000/604800 (valid/preferred)

Notice that the router R1 now sends RA router advertisement message using the link
local address to advertise itself as a router.

Use the ipv6 address autoconfig command on R2 to obtain an IPv6 address through
SLAAC (Stateless Address Auto configuration).

R2(config)#int f0/1

R2(config-if)#ipv6 address autoconfig

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config)#int loop 2

R2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001::2/128

R2#show ipv6 interface brief

FastEthernet0/0 [administratively down/down]

FastEthernet0/1 [up/up]

FE80::C001:BFF:FE10:1
 2001:12::C001:BFF:FE10:1

Loopback2 [up/up]

FE80::C001:BFF:FE10:0

2001::2

Notice that the interface f0/1 of R2 has obtained its network ID from R1 and its host ID from its
link local address using its MAC address.

*Mar 1 00:14:17.791: ICMPv6-ND: Received RA from FE80::C001:BFF:FE10:1 on

FastEthernet0/0

R2#show ipv6 int f0/1

FastEthernet0/1 is up, line protocol is up

IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::C001:BFF:FE10:1

No Virtual link-local address(es):

Global unicast address(es):

2001:12::C001:BFF:FE10:1, subnet is 2001:12::/64 [EUI/CAL/PRE]

valid lifetime 2591894 preferred lifetime 604694

Joined group address(es):

FF02::1

FF02::2

FF02::1:FF10:1

MTU is 1500 bytes

ICMP error messages limited to one every 100 milliseconds

ICMP redirects are enabled

ICMP unreachables are sent

ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1

ND reachable time is 30000 milliseconds

ND advertised reachable time is 0 milliseconds

 ND advertised retransmit interval is 0 milliseconds

ND router advertisements are sent every 200 seconds

ND router advertisements live for 1800 seconds ND

advertised default router preference is Medium

Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses.

R1#show ipv6 route

<Output omitted>

LC 2001::1/128 [0/0]

via ::, Loopback1

C 2001:12::/64 [0/0] via

::, FastEthernet0/0

L 2001:12::1/128 [0/0]

via ::, FastEthernet0/0

via ::, Null0

And the same for R2 ….

R2#show ipv6 route

<Output omitted>

LC 2001::2/128 [0/0]

via ::, Loopback2

C 2001:12::/64 [0/0]

via ::,FastEthernet0/1

L 2001:12::C001:BFF:FE10:1/128 [0/0]

via ::, FastEthernet0/1

L FF00::/8 [0/0]

via ::, Null0

We will configure static routing:
R1#show ipv6 neighbors (Equivalent to R1#show arp in IPV4)

IPv6 Address Age Link-layer Addr State Interface

FE80::C001:BFF:FE10:1 23 c201.0b10.0001 STALE Fa0/0

R1(config)#ipv6 route 2001::2/128 2001:12::C001:BFF:FE10:1

R2(config)#ipv6 route 2001::1/128 2001::12:1

R1#show ipv6 route

<Output Omitted>

LC 2001::1/128 [0/0]

via ::, Loopback1

S 2001::2/128 [1/0]

via 2001:12::C001:BFF:FE10:1

C 2001:12::/64 [0/0]

via ::, FastEthernet0/0

L 2001:12::1/128 [0/0]

via ::, FastEthernet0/0

L FF00::/8 [0/0]

via ::, Null0

R2(config)#ipv6 route 2001::1/128 2001:12::1

R2(config)#do show ipv6 route

<Output Omitted>

S 2001::1/128 [1/0]

via 2001:12::1

LC 2001::2/128 [0/0]

via ::, Loopback2

C 2001:12::/64 [0/0]

via ::, FastEthernet0/1

L 2001:12::C001:BFF:FE10:1/128

[0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/1

L FF00::/8 [0/0]

via ::, Null0

R1#ping 2001::2

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001::2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/17/64 ms

R2#ping 2001::1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001::1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/16/36 ms

Hint1) If you want to use the link local address you must specify the exit interface
plus the next hop IP address.

Hist2) You must use the next hop IP address in the broadcast segment network. But if
you wish to use the exit interface, you must statically map the next hop IP address to its
MAC address using the following command:

R1(config)#ipv6 route 2001::2/128 f0/0

R1(config)#ipv6 neighbor 2001::2 f0/0 c201.0b10.0001 (Where c201.0b10.0001 is the

next hop MAC address).
Lab5 (IPV4 Static Routing on Frame-relay)

Objectives:
 Configure R1 to reach the branches’ networks.
Configuration:
R1(config)#int s1/1
R1(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R1(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp
R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip [Link] 102 broadcast
R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip [Link] 103 broadcast
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#int loopback 1
R1(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]

R2(config)#int s1/2
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R2(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp
 R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip [Link] 201
R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip [Link] 201
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#int loopback 2
R2(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]

R3(config)#int s1/3
R3(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]
R3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R3(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp
R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip [Link] 301
R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip [Link] 301
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#int loopback 3
R3(config-if)#ip address [Link] [Link]

R1(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]

R1(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]

R2(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]

R3(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]

Verification:
R1#show frame-relay map
Serial1/1 (up): ip [Link] dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,
broadcast,

CISCO, status defined, active

Serial1/1 (up): ip [Link] dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active

R1#show ip route static

<Output omitted>
[Link]/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S [Link] [1/0] via [Link]
 [Link]/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S [Link] [1/0] via [Link]

Now the whole network should be pingable:

R1#ping [Link]
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to [Link], timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/56/148 ms

R1#ping [Link]
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to [Link], timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/28/80 ms

R2#ping [Link]
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to [Link], timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/17/20 ms

R2#ping [Link]
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to [Link], timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/39/80 ms

Note:
The router MUST use the next hop IP address. But if we wish to use the
exit interface, extra painful configuration will be required.

R1(config)#no ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]

R1(config)#no ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
R1(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] s1/1
R1(config)#ip route [Link] [Link] s1/1

R1(config)#do ping [Link]

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to [Link], timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

R1(config)#do ping [Link]

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to [Link], timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

So we have to do the next extra configurations:

R1(config)#int s1/1
R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip [Link] 102
R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip [Link] 103

R1(config-if)#do ping [Link]

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to [Link], timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/56/92 ms
R1(config-if)#do ping [Link]
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to [Link], timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/27/52 ms

And this will be done for each IP we want to reach which of course is not
a practicat solution.

Best Wishes
Abeer 