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Integration

The document provides an overview of integration, distinguishing between indefinite and definite integration, along with relevant formulas and methods. It explains the process of integrating functions, including substitution and graphical significance related to the area under a curve. Additionally, it includes examples and important questions related to integration techniques.

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aaravsingh7feb2010
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3 views6 pages

Integration

The document provides an overview of integration, distinguishing between indefinite and definite integration, along with relevant formulas and methods. It explains the process of integrating functions, including substitution and graphical significance related to the area under a curve. Additionally, it includes examples and important questions related to integration techniques.

Uploaded by

aaravsingh7feb2010
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Integration

→ Basically ⇒ Summation

→ It is represented by')'sign Let y = f(x)


/flxldx denotes the reference variable

Integrate this
function
Integration is of two types-
• Indefinite → When we don't know start and end
/f(x) dx → apply formula and add
costant (at end

• definite → When we know start and end point


upper b(fix)dx → applyformula andthen do
limit a upper limit-lower limit
lower limit
Integration Formulae

[Link] dx = Ixodx 6./seex dx = tanx + C


= ✗+ C
2./a dx = a)✗° dx (x' ax = lnx+C
7.

- ax + C
3./✗ "d ✗ = ✗ "t' + C 8)e" dx= ex-C
Nt/
4/sin ✗ dx=-casx + C

5.)cos × dx = sin × + C
Formula for Definite Integration
b

Suppose, /(x)=x²+1, then (✗ '+ 1) dx - where,


a a- lower limit

b-upper limit

then, Step 1: [(x-+ 11T£

b Integrate the expression first


2: ⅓ˢ+ ✗
a
3: b³
3+1-193 + a)

4:13-⅔

The expression #x'+ 1) dx means - Integrate' [Link]'with respect to ✗ from a to b


Hard/ Important Questions
# Sin (ax + b) dx =-los (axt b + CX → Linear function (ax + b)
a

1. Apply formula
✓los (axth) dx = Sin (axth) + C
a
2. divide by coefficient ofx

Integration by Substitution Method 'Fsm (Sx) dx


0
and (axt b) ¥

Let f (x) = Substitute value ofdx^in integration, cos (Sx


axth 5
* ◦
Integrate f(N =/axa,x→ • •fat = enlat/+ C - cos (5×1
5
at 0

Let axt b = t, = Inlaxth/+ C


differentiate t, a t cos (5-Fo)-cas (o))

at 0 = at
5
dx IED
dx = It
a

5
Graphical Significance

Integration tells us about the area under graph


Width of line-dx

dA
Letthere be any general
↑
i) 2m strip at x and having
2
thickness dx and height
3m
=2
1-0 x
Area = 6m² "3 Small Hena of strip = 2dx

Atotal = IdA-12 dx

2 [✗ 78
=2 [3-O]
= 6
Example Graphs

divided into strips


y-2x
y

✗ =3

dA (small area)-txt (fora single strip)


At=fdA
At = Tx dx
At 2xdx
= [✗ 2]?

= 9- 0

= 9m²

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