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Coordinate Geometry Complete Notes

The document provides comprehensive notes on coordinate geometry, covering fundamental formulas such as distance and section formulas, as well as properties of triangles including the centroid and area calculation. It details various forms of a straight line and methods to calculate distances and angles between lines. Advanced concepts like angle bisectors, concurrency conditions, and pairs of straight lines are also discussed.

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5 views1 page

Coordinate Geometry Complete Notes

The document provides comprehensive notes on coordinate geometry, covering fundamental formulas such as distance and section formulas, as well as properties of triangles including the centroid and area calculation. It details various forms of a straight line and methods to calculate distances and angles between lines. Advanced concepts like angle bisectors, concurrency conditions, and pairs of straight lines are also discussed.

Uploaded by

padhlebhendi
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Coordinate Geometry – Complete Notes

1. Fundamental Formulas
 Distance Formula: d = √[(x₂ − x₁)² + (y₂ − y₁)²]
 Section Formula (Internal Division):
 x = (mx₂ + nx₁) / (m + n)
 y = (my₂ + ny₁) / (m + n)
 Section Formula (External Division): Same formula with negative sign in denominator.
 Slope of Line: m = (y₂ − y₁) / (x₂ − x₁) = tanθ

2. Triangle Properties
 Centroid (G): ((x₁ + x₂ + x₃)/3 , (y₁ + y₂ + y₃)/3)
 Centroid divides each median in 2:1 ratio.
 Euler Line: Centroid (G), Orthocenter (O), Circumcenter (C) are collinear.
 G divides OC in 2:1 ratio.
 Area of Triangle: ½ | x₁(y₂ − y₃) + x₂(y₃ − y₁) + x₃(y₁ − y₂) |

3. Various Forms of a Straight Line


 Slope-Intercept Form: y = mx + c
 Point-Slope Form: y − y₁ = m(x − x₁)
 Two-Point Form: (y − y₁)/(y₂ − y₁) = (x − x₁)/(x₂ − x₁)
 Intercept Form: x/a + y/b = 1
 Normal Form: x cosα + y sinα = p
 Parametric Form: (x − x₁)/cosθ = (y − y₁)/sinθ = r
 General Form: Ax + By + C = 0

4. Distance and Position


 Angle between Two Lines: tanθ = |(m₁ − m₂) / (1 + m₁m₂)|
 Distance between Parallel Lines: d = |c₁ − c₂| / √(a² + b²)
 Distance of Point (x₁, y₁) from Line Ax + By + C = 0:
 d = |Ax₁ + By₁ + C| / √(A² + B²)
 Image of a Point Formula:
 (x − x₁)/a = (y − y₁)/b = −2(Ax₁ + By₁ + C)/(a² + b²)
 Foot of Perpendicular: Same as image formula but replace −2 with −1

5. Advanced Concepts
 Angle Bisectors:
 (a₁x + b₁y + c₁)/√(a₁² + b₁²) = ± (a₂x + b₂y + c₂)/√(a₂² + b₂²)
 Condition for Concurrency: Determinant of coefficients = 0
 Pair of Straight Lines through Origin: ax² + 2hxy + by² = 0
 Angle between them: tanθ = |2h / (a − b)|
 Family of Lines through intersection of L₁ and L₂: L₁ + λL₂ = 0

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