MODULUS

PROPERTIES OF |X|
2
(i) x2 = x → x = x2 ∀ xR (ii) ||x|| = |x| = | - x| ∀ x C
n
(iii) |xy| = |x|∙|y| ∀ x, y C. The property extends to |xyzw|= |x||y||z||w| & x n = x

x x
(iv) If |x| = 0 then x = 0 (v) = , where x, y C & y  0
y y

(vi) Triangular Inequality x − y  x  y  x + y  x, y  C

(vii) If x, y  R and |x + y| = |x| + |y| then both x and y are of same sign, i.e. xy ≥ 0.
(viii)If x, y  R and |x - y| = |x| + |- y| then both x and - y are of same sign, i.e. xy ≤ 0.
(ix) |x| = x → x ≥ 0, the property can be extended to function as well. |f(x)|= f(x) → f(x) ≥ 0.
(x) |x|+ x = 0 or |x| = - x → x ≤ 0. Similarly, |f(x)| = - f(x) → f(x) ≤ 0.
(xi) If |x| + |y| = 0 → x = 0 and y = 0 ∀ x, y  C (xii) |x| ≥ 0 ∀ x  R
(xiii) x2 + y2 = 0 → x = 0, y = 0 only in real numbers not in complex numbers.
(xiv) 1 ≤ |sin(x)| + |cos(x)| ≤ √2 ∀ x  R

1. If |x - 2| = 5 & |y| = 4 then select the correct options

(A) x = - 1 or 7 (B) y = ± 4 (C) x + y  {- 5, 3, 11}
(D) Sum of all the different possible values of |x| + |y| is 16.
y
2. If |xy| = 6 & x, y  I then minimum value of x + y + x , is

(A) 4 (B) - 5 (C) - 6 (D) 1

2
3. The number of real roots of the equation x − 3 x + 2 = 0 , is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

2
4. Find the real roots of the equation x − 2 x − 3 = 0 .

5. Solve the equation |2x - 3| = 8.

6. Find the number of solutions of equation |xy| = |y|, hence plot the solution curve on Cartesian Co-
ordinate system.
7. Solve the following Equations
(i) |x + 2| = 2(3 - x) (ii) |3x - 2| + x = 11
2
(iii) ||x - 1| + 2| = 1 (iv) x − 2 + x − 2 − 2 = 0

(v) x2 - |x| - 2 = 0 (vi) x2 - |x| - 12 = 0

8. The number of real roots of the equation x2 – 4x – 3|x - 2| + 6 = 0 is/are?
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
9. |x + 1| + |x – 1| + |x + 2| + |x – 2| = 0 then x has
1 1 3 3
(A) The values {1, –1, 2, –1} (B) the values  , − , , − 
2 2 2 3
(C) No solution (D) none of these
1 1
10. If + = 1 then the value of x is/are
|x| x

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) None of these

11. If ordered pairs (x, y) satisfies|3x – 1| = 2 and |y – 1| = 1 then the correct option(s) is/are
(A) Only 3 pairs (x, y) are possible (B) 4 pairs (x, y) are possible
(C) The maximum area formed by line joining pairs = 8/3 sq. unit
− x y
(D) No of possible matrices   are 4.
− y x 
12. The minimum value of |x - 1| + |x - 3| + |x - 4| is
(A) 5 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) None of these
13. The number of integral values of x satisfying |(x - 1) (x - 7)| > x2 – 8x + 7, are
(A) 5 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) None of these
14. Solve the following equations
(i) |x − 1| + |x − 2| = 2 (ii) |x − 1| + |x − 2| = 3
(iii) |x| − |x − 1| = 1 (iv) |2x − 1| + |x| = 5
(v) x|x + 5| + 2 |x + 7| - 2 = 0 (vi) x 2 + 4x + 3 + 2x + 5 = 0

15. Solve the equation |2x - 1| = |x + 2|

16. Find the maximum and minimum value of |x + y| if x[−1, 2] & y [−1, 1]
17. Find the minimum value of the expression F(x) = |x - 1| + |x – 2| + |x - 3|+……+ |x – 50|
Where x R
18. (i) Solve :
(a) |x − 1| < 2 (b) |x − 3|  3 (c) |x − 5| < − 6 (d) |x − 3| > − 5

(e) 2 < |x − 1|  3 (f) 2 < |3x − 2| < 5

(ii) x − 1  4  x + 1 , then

(A) x  [3, 5] (B) x  [–3, 5] (C) x [–1, 1] (D) x(–,–3)(5, )

19. 3<|x – 1|< 4 and −1< |x – 2| < 6, then x 
3 5
(A) x = {1, 2, 3} (B) x =  ,  (C)  (D) none of these
2 2 
20. x − 1 − 2  5 , then x 

(A) x [−3,7] (B) x [−8,8] (C) x [−6,8] (D) None of these

21. x − 4 − 3  6 , then x 

(A) x (−, −5] [13, ) (B) x (−, −3] [9, )

(C) x has no solution (D) only x = {-5} or {13} or {20}

22. Solve the following inequalities

(i) |x2 – 2x + 2| ≥ 4 (ii) 2− 2−x 0

(iii) 3 < |x2 - x| ≤ 4 (iv) |x|3 – 2x2 – 4|x| + 3 < 0

(v) |x2 + 6x + 7| = |x2 + 4x + 4|+ |2x + 3| (vi) |x2 – 7x + 12| > x2 – 7x + 12
(vii) |3x - 5| - |2x + 3| > 0 (viii)|x2 – 2x - 3| < 3x – 3
(ix) |x2 – 5x| > |x|2 – 5|x|

23. 
The number of elements in the set n  Z : n2 − 10n + 19  6 is ____ 

 x+3 −1 

24. Let S = x   − 6,3 − −2,2 :  0  and T = {x ∈ Z: x2 – 7|x| + 9 ≤ 0}. Then the number of

 x −2 

elements of S⋂T is
(A) 7 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 3

25.  
If A = x  R : x − 2  1 , B = x  R : x 2 − 3  1 , C = x  R : x − 4  2 and Z is the set of all integers,

then the number of subsets of the set ( A  B  C )  Z is _______

c

26.  
The number of elements in the set x  R : ( x − 3 ) x + 4 = 6 is equal to

(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 1

27. The number of real roots of the equation x|x| - 5|x + 2| + 6 = 0, is
(A) 5 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 4
28. The number of real roots of the equation 5 + |2x - 1|= 2x (2x - 2) is
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 1

The number of distinct real roots of equation ( x − 1 )

x−1 − 3
29. =1

(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) None of these

x−1
30. Solution set of  0 is
x(x − 2) x − 3

(A) x  (- ∞, 0) ∪ (2, ∞) (B) x  (- ∞, 0) ∪ (2, ∞) ∪ {1} – {3}

(C) x  (0, 2) (D) none of these
31. Let a, b, c, d be real numbers such that |a – b| = 2, |b – c| = 3, |c – d| = 4. Then the sum of all
possible values of |a - d| is
(A) 9 (B) 18 (C) 24 (D) 30

32. Suppose that x + y + x − y = 2 . What is the maximum possible value of x 2 − 6x + y 2 ?

(A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 8

33. Minimum value of f(x) = |x - 1| + |2x - 1| + |3x - 1| + |4x - 1| is p/q where p/q is in lowest form
and p, q  I+ then p + q is ________
34. The number of real solutions of the equation x(x2 + 3|x| + 5|x - 1|+ 6|x - 2|) = 0 is ______.
35. For x ∈ R, then number of real roots of the equation 3x2 – 4 |x2 - 1|+ x – 1 = 0 is _______
36. Select the correct statement(s) for solution set of x
1
(A) 2x − 1  − 1 → x  R (B)  x → x ( x − 1)  1  x  1
x−1

(C)
x −1
0 
( x + 1)( x − 1)  0 (D) x − 1 ( x − 2 )  0 → x  ϕ
2

x(x − 2) x(x − 2)

37. The sum of all the roots of the equation x 2 − 8x + 15 − 2 x + 7 = 0 is

(A) 9 + 3 (B) 11 + 3 (C) 9 − 3 (D) 11 − 3

38. The product of the roots of the equation 9x2 – 18|x| + 5 = 0, is:
25 25 5 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
9 81 9 27
39. Let S be the set of all real roots of the equation, 3x ( 3x − 1) + 2 = 3x − 1 + 3x − 2 . Then S:

(A) Contains exactly two elements (B) is a singleton

(C) Contains at least four elements (D) is an empty set
40. The number of distinct real roots of the equation |x||x + 2| - 5 |x + 1| - 1 = 0 is ______
27
The number of real roots of the equation ( x + 1 ) + x − 5 =
2
41. is ____
4
42. The number of distinct real roots of the equation x + 1  x + 3 − 4 x + 2 + 5 = 0 , is_____
2
43. Let   R and let the equation E be x − 2 x +  − 3 = 0 .

Then the largest element in the set S = { x +  : x is an integer solution of E} is _____

44. Find the set of all solutions of the equation 2 x − 2 x −1 − 1 = 2 x −1 + 1 .

45. For x  R , the number of real roots of the equation 3x 2 − 4 x 2 − 1 + x − 1 = 0 is

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ANSWER KEY & SOLUTION

1. B 2. C 3. D 4. x=±3
5. x = 11/2 or – 5/2.
9 13
7. (i) x = 4/3 (ii) x = − and . (iii) no solution (iv) x = 3 and 1
2 4
(v) x = ± 2
8. D 15. x = 3 and – 1/ 3 23. 6 24. D
25. 256 26. B 27. B 28. D
29. B 30. B 31. B 32. D
33. 7 34. 1 35. 4 36. A, B, C
37. A 38. B 39. B 40. 3
41. 2 42. 2 43. 5 44. x  −1   1,  )

45. 4