Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr.

Akhlaq Hasan

First MBBS — BIOCHEMISTRY

Topic-wise Question Bank from Past University Papers
RUHS / GMC Banswara • Papers 2019 – 2025 (Main & Supplementary)
Compiled for topic-by-topic revision • Department of Biochemistry

PAPER I

1. Cell, Subcellular Organelles & General Chemistry

SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Second messenger / secondary messenger [S19 P1, J19 P1]
– Denaturation of protein [S19 P1]
– Biologically active nucleotides & peptides [N23 P2, S19 P1]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– Lysosomal storage disorders — Tay-Sachs (hexosaminidase A), Niemann-Pick (sphingomyelinase);
Hurler/Hunter/Morquio/Scheie corneal-clouding themes (MCQ) [A24 P1, A25 P1]

2. Enzymes
SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Therapeutic uses of enzymes [A24 P1]
– Isoenzymes [N23 P1, F21 P1]
– Isoenzymes in clinical diagnosis [J21 P1]
– Transaminases [F21 P1]
– Enzymes of diagnostic significance [A25 P1]
– Cardiac enzymes [J19 P1]
– Clinical importance of competitive enzyme inhibition [M22 P1]
– Diagnostic significance of various liver enzymes [J19 P2]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– A number of enzymes are secreted as zymogens [A25 P1]
– Hyaluronidase is called the spreading factor [M22 P1]
– Fluoride acts as an inhibitor of glycolysis / blood for sugar is collected in a fluoride vial [J21 P1, M22 P1]
– Methotrexate acts as a competitive inhibitor [J21 P1]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– Competitive inhibition of enzymes — mechanism, effect on kinetics, two examples [S19 P1, J19 P1]

3. Chemistry & Metabolism of Carbohydrates (incl. Diabetes Mellitus)

LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS (SECTION B / STRUCTURED ESSAY)
– Hormonal regulation of blood glucose levels; metabolic derangements in diabetes mellitus; note on
HbA1c and clinical significance [J21 P1]
– Mechanism of blood sugar regulation — add a note on diabetes mellitus [S19 P1]

Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan
 Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan

SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY

– Significance of NADPH [M22 P1]
– Reverse cholesterol transport / effect of hyperglycemia on sorbitol pathway [J21 P1]
– Complications of diabetes mellitus [M22 P1]
– Biochemical basis of diabetic cataract [A24 P1]
– Difference between glycemic index and glycemic load [N23 P2]
– Enlist substrates of gluconeogenesis [F21 P1]
– Cori's cycle [M22 P1]
– Glucose transporters (GLUT family) [J19 P1]
– Glycogen [S19 P1]
– Von Gierke's disease [J19 P1]
– Fate of pyruvate [J19 P1]
– Laboratory diagnosis of diabetes mellitus [F21 P1]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– For estimation of blood sugar, blood is collected in a fluoride bulb/vial [M22 P1]
– HbA1c is a good indicator of sugar control in T2DM [F21 P1]
– Why does Von Gierke disease cause gouty arthritis / hyperuricemia in Von Gierke's disease [A24 P2, F21 P1]
– Glucose uptake in intestine & kidney is called secondary active transport [N23 P1]
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN
– G-6-PD & G-6-Phosphatase [N23 P1]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– Principles of communication with a diabetic patient about diet and exercise (applied/AETCOM) [A24 P1]
– Hormonal control of glycogen metabolism (schematic) [A24 P1]

4. Chemistry & Metabolism of Lipids

LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS (SECTION B / STRUCTURED ESSAY)
– Beta-oxidation of a long-chain saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid, 16C) and energy yield [M22 P1, S19 P1]
– Define lipoproteins with examples; metabolism of HDL cholesterol and its role in health and disease [F21
P1]
– Atherosclerosis [S19 P1]
SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Ketogenesis and ketolysis / ketogenesis and its regulation [M22 P1, J21 P1]
– Ketosis [F21 P1, S19 P1]
– Metabolism and regulation of ketone bodies — diabetic ketoacidosis [J19 P1]
– Fatty liver — definition and causes [M22 P1]
– Fatty liver and lipotropic factors [J21 P1, N23 P1, A24 P1]
– Fate of acetyl CoA [A25 P1]
– Functions of cholesterol [S19 P1]
– Chylomicrons [J19 P1]
– Essential fatty acids [J19 P1]
– Mucopolysaccharides [S19 P1]

Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan
 Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan

– Prostaglandins — functions / therapeutic uses [A24 P1, S19 P1]

EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Lipoprotein(a) is known as 'little rascal' [A24 P1]
– Dipalmitoyl lecithin structure differs from other phospholipids [A24 P1]
– Essential fatty acids help prevent fatty liver [F21 P1]
– Deficiency of lipoprotein lipase results in hypertriglyceridemia [M22 P1]
– Marine fish oil is protective against myocardial infarction [A25 P1]
– Pancreatic insufficiency patients are advised medium/short-chain fatty acids [N23 P1]
– Vegetarian diet helps control cholesterol [F21 P2]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– Lung surfactant / dipalmitoyl lecithin and respiratory distress syndrome [M22 P1]

5. Chemistry & Metabolism of Proteins / Amino Acids (incl. Plasma Proteins & PEM)
LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS (SECTION B / STRUCTURED ESSAY)
– Fate of amino-acid nitrogen; acquired hyperammonemias and biochemical basis of coma [A24 P1]
– Toxicity of ammonia and its detoxification process [S19 P1]
– Essay on the biochemical basis of protein-energy malnutrition [M22 P1]
SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Methionine metabolism [N23 P1]
– Products of glycine metabolism [J19 P1]
– Phenylketonuria [M22 P1, F21 P1, S19 P1]
– Maple syrup urine disease [F21 P1]
– Disorders associated with tyrosine metabolism [A25 P1]
– Balanced diet [N23 P2]
– Biogenic amines / biologically important peptides & functions [F21 P1, S19 P1]
– Kwashiorkor's disease [S19 P1]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Pulses + cereals become equivalent to first-class protein [N23 P2]
– Arginine becomes semi-essential [N23 P1]
– Hypoalbuminemia causes oedema / oedema in Kwashiorkor [A25 P1, M22 P2]
– Eating maize causes pellagra-like symptoms / tryptophan deficiency causes pellagra [F21 P1, A24 P1]
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN
– Marasmus and Kwashiorkor [A24 P2]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– PEM — define; marasmus; differences from kwashiorkor; cause of emaciated appearance; prevention
[A24 P2]
– Phenylketonuria / albinism — diagnosis, deficient enzyme, inheritance, management [F21 P1, N23 P1]
– Alkaptonuria & ochronosis — biochemical basis [J21 P1, J22 P2]

Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan
 Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan

6. Vitamins
LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS (SECTION B / STRUCTURED ESSAY)
– Define & classify vitamins; chemistry & functions of Vitamin D; coenzyme functions of Vit B9 & folic acid
with deficiency [A25 P1]
– Source, daily requirement, function & deficiency of Vitamin C [S19 P1]
– Dietary sources, biochemical role and deficiency disorders of Vitamin D [J19 P1]
SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Vitamins as coenzymes [J21 P1]
– Functions of Vitamin C [F21 P1]
– Antioxidant vitamins [F21 P1]
– Reactions catalyzed by PLP (pyridoxal phosphate) [J19 P1]
– Wald's visual cycle [A24 P1]
– Beri-Beri [J19 P1]
– Pellagra [M22 P1]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Neonates are prone to Vitamin K deficiency / single IM dose of Vit K to newborns [F21 P1, M22 P1]
– Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to folate trap [N23 P1]
– Vitamin C is involved in post-translational modification of collagen [M22 P2]
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN
– Thiamine & Thymine [A24 P1]
– Carnitine & Carotene [A24 P1]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (thiamine deficiency) — fill/MCQ [A24 P1]

7. Bioenergetics & Biological Oxidation

LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS (SECTION B / STRUCTURED ESSAY)
– Amphibolic role of TCA cycle / outline steps, regulation and energetics of the TCA cycle [J19 P1, S19 P1]
SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Electron transport chain [J21 P1]
– Uncouplers and inhibitors of the electron transport chain [A24 P1, M22 P2, S19 P1, J19 P1]
– Chemiosmotic theory / hypothesis [F21 P1, A25 P1]
– Significance of NADPH / NADH vs NADPH roles [M22 P1, A24 P1]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– TCA cycle is anabolic / amphibolic [A24 P1]
– Cyanide inhibits the electron transport chain (complex IV) [J22 P1]
– Rotenone is a classical competitive inhibitor of Complex I (MCQ) [A25 P1]

Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan
 Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan

8. Acid–Base Balance, Water–Electrolyte Balance & ABG

LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS (SECTION B / STRUCTURED ESSAY)
– Respiratory and renal regulation of pH; note on pH derangement in diabetes [N23 P1]
– Role of the renal system in blood pH regulation [M22 P1, J19 P2]
SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Metabolic acidosis [J21 P1, J19 P2]
– Anion gap [F21 P1]
– Protein buffer system [J19 P2]
– Dehydration — etiology & biochemical changes [N23 P1, O20 P2, J19 P2]
– Metabolic adaptations in starvation [J21 P1]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Blood buffers act quickly but not permanently [M22 P1]
– Hyperventilation is a compensatory response to metabolic acidosis [M22 P2]
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN
– Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis [A24 P1]
– Hypokalemia and Hyperkalemia [A24 P1]

9. Mineral Metabolism
SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Regulation of blood calcium level [M22 P1]
– Functions of calcium [F21 P1, S19 P1]
– Disorders of iron metabolism [J21 P1]
– Calcitriol [F21 P1]
– Wilson's disease [M22 P1]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Iron metabolism is called one-way metabolism [M22 P1]
– Vitamin C is given in iron-deficiency anaemia (role in iron metabolism) [M22 P1]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– Iron-deficiency anaemia — sources & RDA of iron, causes, role of Vit C, biochemical role of iron with two
iron-containing enzymes [M22 P1]
– Keshan's disease (selenium) / acrodermatitis enteropathica (zinc) — MCQ [A25 P1, J21 P1]

10. Heme & Porphyrin Metabolism, Hemoglobin & Bilirubin/Jaundice

LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS (SECTION B / STRUCTURED ESSAY)
– Jaundice — types and biochemical basis [S19 P1]
SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Regulation of heme synthesis [J21 P1]
– Degradation of heme [A25 P1]

Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan
 Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan

– Erythropoietic porphyrias [J21 P1]

– Abnormal haemoglobin / haemoglobinopathies [S19 P1]
– Rapoport–Luebering cycle [A24 P1]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Rapoport-Luebering cycle is important to deliver O2 at tissue level [A24 P1]
– Blue fluorescent light is useful in neonatal jaundice [M22 P2]
– Urobilinogen absent from urine in obstructive jaundice / clay stool [N23 P2, M22 P2]
– Direct bilirubin is increased in obstructive jaundice [F21 P1]
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN
– Haemoglobin & Myoglobin [N23 P1, M22 P1]
– Pre-hepatic and post-hepatic jaundice [N23 P1]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– Obstructive jaundice — type, biochemical basis, normal ranges, tests for bile salts/pigments, enzyme
markers [J22 P2, J21 P2]
– Neonatal jaundice — diagnosis, precursors/types of bilirubin, enzyme defect, treatment [F21 P2]
– Haemolytic jaundice in G6PD deficiency / chloroquine — type, cause of haemolysis, reaction, role of
pathway [A24 P1]

11. Metabolism of Alcohol & Integration of Metabolism

SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Alcohol metabolism [M22 P1]
– Metabolic adaptations in starvation [J21 P1]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Chronic alcoholics can develop ketoacidosis on abrupt alcohol consumption [A25 P1]
– Disulfiram inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase (MCQ) [A25 P1]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– Main energy source of brain in prolonged starvation (ketone bodies) — MCQ/integration [J21 P1]

12. Free Radicals & Antioxidants

SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Endogenous antioxidants [A24 P1]
– Antioxidant enzymes / enzymatic antioxidant system [N23 P2, J21 P2, J22 P2]
– Antioxidants: definition and classification [J22 P2]
– Reactive oxygen species and its formation [M22 P2]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Serum malondialdehyde acts as a marker of oxidative stress [N23 P2]
– Glutathione acts as a biologically active peptide [J21 P1]

Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan
 Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan

PAPER II

13. Chemistry & Metabolism of Nucleotides

SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Salvage pathway of purine synthesis [J21 P1, J19 P1]
– Catabolism of purine and its disorders / outline purine catabolism [F21 P1, J22 P2]
– Orotic aciduria [N23 P1, J19 P2]
– Lesch-Nyhan syndrome [F21 P1]
– Gout [J19 P2]
– Biologically active nucleotides [N23 P1]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Dietary purines are non-essential [A24 P2]
– Hyperuricemia is associated with Von-Gierke's disease [F21 P1]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– Gout — normal serum uric acid, primary vs secondary gout, biochemical basis, treatment, why restrict
non-veg diet & alcohol [J22 P2, J19 P1]
– Orotic aciduria / urea-cycle defect — elevated glutamine & uracil, brain involvement, treatment [N23 P1]

14. Molecular Biology — Replication, Repair, Transcription, Translation, Gene Regulation

LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS (SECTION B / STRUCTURED ESSAY)
– Transcription in detail; post-transcriptional modifications; inhibitors of transcription [M22 P2, J22 P2]
– Translation in prokaryotes with inhibitors; note on post-translational modifications [A24 P2, F21 P2]
– Mechanism of translation in eukaryotes; protein targeting and related diseases [J22 P2]
– Types of RNA and their role; note on post-transcriptional modifications [J19 P2]
– Damage and repair of DNA; disorders of defective repair [S19 P2]
– DNA replicase system / regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes [S19 P2]
SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– DNA polymerases in eukaryotes and their functions [N23 P2]
– Okazaki fragments/segments [N23 P2]
– Post-transcriptional modifications / processing of hnRNA [A24 P2, M22 P2]
– Structure of tRNA and its function [A24 P2, S19 P2]
– Lac operon / concept [N23 P2, M22 P2, F21 P2, J19 P2]
– Salient features / degeneracy of the genetic code [J22 P2, S19 P2]
– Diseases related to defective repair of DNA damage [J22 P2]
– Wobble hypothesis — importance [J22 P2]
– DNA supercoiling / mitochondrial DNA [J22 P2]
– Inhibitors of translation [S19 P2]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– DNA is much more stable than RNA [A24 P2]
– Puromycin inhibits protein synthesis [N23 P2]

Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan
 Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan

– Telomerase is implicated in ageing and cancers [A24 P2]

– Genetic code is degenerate [F21 P2]
– UV radiation can cause Xeroderma Pigmentosum (defective NER) [M22 P2]
– DNA ligase is essential in lagging-strand synthesis [M22 P2]

15. Recombinant DNA Technology & Biotechnology

SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Applications of PCR / mechanism and applications [M22 P2, F21 P2, J22 P2]
– Restriction endonucleases [N23 P2]
– Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) [N23 P2, M22 P2]
– Blotting techniques (Southern/Northern/Western) and applications of each [A24 P2, N23 P2]
– DNA probes [M22 P2]
– Vectors / gene library / bacterial artificial chromosomes [M22 P2, N23 P2]
– Application of recombinant DNA technology [J22 P2]
– Human Genome Project [F21 P2]
– Hybridoma technology [N23 P2]
– ELISA / applications of ELISA [N23 P2, M22 P2, J19 P2]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Restriction endonucleases are called molecular scissors [F21 P2]
– Western blotting is more specific for HIV antibody detection (MCQ) [O25 P2]

16. Immunology
SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Classification / structure of immunoglobulins [M22 P2, F21 P2]
– Primary and secondary immune response [A24 P2, N23 P2]
– MHC / major histocompatibility complex [F21 P2]
– Severe combined immunodeficiency disorder (SCID) [A24 P1]
– Multiple myeloma / Bence Jones proteins [S19 P2, A24 P2]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Immunity is both a boon and evil [F21 P2]
– Bence Jones proteins are a diagnostic/monitoring marker [A24 P2]
– IgA is found in tears / predominant in colostrum (MCQ) [N23 P2, O25 P2]

17. Biochemistry of Cancer — Oncogenes & Tumor Markers

SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Oncogenes / name four tumour markers with clinical relevance [A24 P2, M22 P2, S19 P2]
– Tumor markers [N23 P2, F21 P2]
– Tumor suppressor genes [J22 P2]
– Activation of proto-oncogene to oncogene [S19 P2]

Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan
 Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan

EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)

– p53 functions as a tumour suppressor / 'guardian of the genome' [N23 P2]
– Malignant cells develop resistance to long-term methotrexate [N23 P2]
– Folate antimetabolites / methotrexate used to treat neoplastic disease [M22 P2, F21 P2]
– CA-125 elevated in ovarian cancer; AFP in hepatoma (MCQ) [F21 P2, O25 P2]

18. Clinical Biochemistry — Organ Function Tests

LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS (SECTION B / STRUCTURED ESSAY)
– Diagnostic significance of various liver enzymes / clinical interpretation of enzyme markers of liver injury
[J19 P2, J22 P2]

SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY

– Tests to assess biosynthetic function of liver / liver function tests [A24 P2]
– Laboratory tests for adrenal hypo- and hyper-function [A24 P2]
– Thyroid function tests [S19 P2]
– Pancreatic function tests [O20 P2]
– Creatinine clearance test and significance / clearance test [J22 P2, F21 P2]
– Renal function tests / BMR [J19 P2, F21 P2]
– Applications of electrophoresis [A24 P2]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Serum creatinine is more sensitive than urea for renal function [F21 P2]
– Amylase/lipase most specific for acute pancreatitis; ALP elevated in cholestasis (MCQ) [A25 P2]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– Primary hypothyroidism — signs/symptoms, causes, normal Free T3/T4/TSH ranges [N23 P2]
– TSH is elevated in primary hypothyroidism [M22 P2]

19. Xenobiotics, Detoxification & Environmental Biochemistry

SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Conjugation reactions / Phase II detoxification (define; four Phase-2 reactions) [A24 P2, S19 P2, M22 P2]
– Cytochrome P450 / P450-mediated biotransformation [M22 P2, F21 P2, S19 P2]
– Mercury poisoning [N23 P1]
– Conjugation of xenobiotics [J22 P2]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– Uronic acid pathway is important for detoxification of drugs [N23 P1]

20. Human Genetics & Molecular Disease

SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Mutation / mutations [N23 P2, M22 P2, J22 P2, F21 P2, S19 P2]
– Human genome project [F21 P2]

Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan
 Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan

EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)

– Sickle-cell anaemia is a classic example of missense (point) mutation [N23 P2]
– Xeroderma pigmentosum, Down syndrome (FISH), HER2 in breast cancer — clinical MCQ themes [A25 P2,
O25]

CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED

– Prenatal diagnosis / FISH for chromosome 21 (Down syndrome) [M22 P2, A25 P2]

21. Nutrition
SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Balanced diet [N23 P2]
– Specific dynamic action (SDA) of proteins [F21 P2, O25 P2]
EXPLAIN WHY (REASONING QUESTIONS)
– We need dietary fibre (roles in health) [A24 P2]

22. Hormone Action & Signal Transduction

SHORT NOTES / EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
– Second messenger systems [S19 P1, J19 P1]
– Hormonal control of glycogen metabolism [A24 P1]
CLINICAL CASE / APPLIED
– Primary hypothyroidism / thyroid case (see Clinical Biochemistry) [N23 P2]

AETCOM (Attitude, Ethics & Communication)

RECURRING THEMES
– Professional qualities and role of a physician; responsibilities toward society and community
– Commitment to lifelong learning as a pathway for professional growth
– Principles of communication with a diabetic patient about diet and exercise [A24 P1]
– Role of the physician in the healthcare system

Prepared By: Dr. Vireandra Kumar Charpota, Dr. Naresh Solanki, Dr. Akhlaq Hasan